International Expert-Based Consensus Definition, Classification Criteria, and Minimum Data Elements for Osteoradionecrosis of the Jaw: An Inter-Disciplinary Modified Delphi Study.

Purpose: Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is a severe iatrogenic disease characterized by bone death after radiation therapy (RT) to the head and neck. With over 9 published definitions and at least 16 classification systems, the true incidence and severity of ORNJ are obscured by lack of a standard for disease definition and severity assessment, leading to inaccurate estimation of incidence, reporting ambiguity, and likely under-diagnosis worldwide. This study aimed to achieve consensus on an explicit definition and phenotype of ORNJ and related precursor states through data standardization to facilitate effective diagnosis, monitoring, and multidisciplinary management of ORNJ.

A systematic review of salivary gland hypofunction and/or xerostomia induced by non-surgical cancer therapies: prevention strategies.

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to assess the updated literature for the prevention of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia induced by non-surgical cancer therapies.

Methods: Electronic databases of MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) that investigated interventions to prevent salivary gland hypofunction and/or xerostomia. Literature search began from the 2010 systematic review publications from the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) up to February 2024.

Prevention and Management of Osteoradionecrosis in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Treated With Radiation Therapy: ISOO-MASCC-ASCO Guideline.

Purpose: To provide evidence-based recommendations for prevention and management of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaw secondary to head and neck radiation therapy in patients with cancer.

Methods: The International Society of Oral Oncology-Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (ISOO-MASCC) and ASCO convened a multidisciplinary Expert Panel to evaluate the evidence and formulate recommendations. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for randomized controlled trials and observational studies, published between January 1, 2009, and December 1, 2023.

Long-Term Outcome Following Treatment With Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells for Radiation-Induced Hyposalivation and Xerostomia.

Background: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (ASCs) are proposed as a new xerostomia treatment. The study evaluated the long-term safety and effectiveness of allogeneic ASCs in radiation-induced xerostomia among patients with previous oropharyngeal cancer.

Methods: This study constitutes 3-year follow-up on the original 10 patients who received allogeneic ASCs injections to the submandibular and parotid glands as part of the MESRIX-II trial.

Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Therapy for Radiation-Induced Xerostomia in Previous Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Phase II Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Purpose: No effective treatment exists for radiation-induced xerostomia. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (ASC) injection, relative to placebo, on salivary gland function in patients with radiation-induced xerostomia.

Patient And Methods: In this single-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, patients with hyposalivation were randomised to receive ultrasound-guided injections of allogeneic ASCs or placebo into the submandibular glands.

Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Therapy Improves Salivary Flow Rate in Radiation-Induced Salivary Gland Hypofunction in Preclinical in vivo Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have been suggested for salivary gland (SG) restoration following radio-induced salivary gland damage. This study aimed to determine the safety and effectiveness of MSC therapy on radio-induced SG damage and hypofunction in preclinical in vivo studies.

Methods: PubMed and EMBASE were systematically searched for preclinical in vivo interventional studies evaluating efficacy and safety of MSC treatment following radio-induced salivary gland damage published before 10th of January 2022.

Intraglandular mesenchymal stem cell treatment induces changes in the salivary proteome of irradiated patients.

Background: Hyposalivation and xerostomia (dry mouth), are the leading site-effects to treatment of head and neck cancer. Currently, there are no effective therapies to alleviate radiation-induced hyposalivation. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (AT-MSCs) have shown potential for restoring salivary gland function.

Long-term Safety of Treatment with Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients with Radiation-Induced Xerostomia: Primary Results of the MESRIX Phase I/II Randomized Trial.

Purpose: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell therapy may reduce radiation-induced xerostomia. We investigated the long-term safety of autologous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (ASC) injections into the submandibular glands.

Experimental Design: An investigator-initiated, randomized, single-center, placebo-controlled trial.

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell therapy for radiation-induced salivary gland hypofunction in animal models: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Salivary gland (SG) hypofunction (objectively reduced saliva flow rate) and xerostomia (subjective sensation of dry mouth) are common and burdensome side effects of radiotherapy to the head and neck region. Currently, only sparse symptomatic treatment is available to ease the discomfort of xerostomia. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy on SG function after radiation-induced injury.

Intraglandular Off-the-Shelf Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment in Patients with Radiation-Induced Xerostomia: A Safety Study (MESRIX-II).

No effective therapy exists for the most common long-term side effect of radiation therapy for head and neck cancer (HNC)-xerostomia. The objective was to evaluate safety and provide proof of concept for efficacy of allogeneic adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (AT-MSCs) injected into the major salivary glands of irradiated patients. This open-label, first-in-human, phase 1b, and single-center trial was conducted with repeated measurements days 0, 1, 5, and 30 and 4 months.

Diagnostic Accuracy of HPV Detection in Patients with Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) techniques in oropharyngeal cancer. PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and clinicaltrials.org were systematically searched for studies reporting methods of HPV detection.

A Contemporary Systematic Review on Repartition of HPV-Positivity in Oropharyngeal Cancer Worldwide.

Significant variation in human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) across countries ranging from 11% in Brazil to 74% in New Zealand has been reported earlier. The aim of this study was to systematically review the most recently published studies on the occurrence of HPV in OPSCC globally. PubMed and Embase were systematically searched for articles assessing the occurrence of HPV+ OPSCC published between January 2016 and May 2021.

[Xerostomia].

Xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction impact oral health and quality of life and are mainly caused by the intake of medications, chronic disorders like Sjögren's syndrome, and head and neck radiation. Other aetiologies may be local diseases of the salivary glands including infections, cancer, or obstructive diseases of the salivary ducts. Management strategies are primarily alleviating symptoms.

Safety and feasibility of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in patients with aqueous deficient dry eye disease.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of injecting allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) into the lacrimal gland (LG) as a treatment of aqueous deficient dry eye disease (ADDE).

Methods: In this open-label, 5-visit clinical trial (baseline, treatment and weeks 1, 4 and 16) seven subjects with ADDE received one transconjunctival injection of allogeneic ASCs into the LG in one eye. The ASC product contained 22 million ASCs/ml and the injected volume was maximally 50% of the LG volume as determined on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Osteoradionecrosis of the Mandible: a Systematic Review of Preclinical and Human Studies.

Background: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible is a severe complication of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer and is arduously difficult to manage. Current treatment options carry risks with some patients remaining incurable. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) therapy has shown promising results supporting osteogenesis and regeneration of radiotherapy-damaged tissues.

Lipoaspirate Storage Time and Temperature: Effects on Stromal Vascular Fraction Quality and Cell Composition.

The adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is a promising candidate for use in cell therapy and tissue engineering due to its regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. Some therapies are based on using the complete SVF product, whereas others depend on the expansion of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) in culture. The latter application often involves a time delay between adipose tissue harvest and SVF isolation.

Developing a national e-learning course in otorhinolaryngology: the Danish experience.

Purpose: E-learning provides a flexible and effective approach to learning and is increasingly used in otorhinolaryngology (ORL). We developed a national theoretical e-learning course for ORL trainees and describe our experiences with implementation as well as piloting the e-learning course.

Methods: E-learning course content was developed as structured multiple choice quizzes for the European core curriculum textbook.

[Perspectives on recurrent respiratory papillomatosis and human papillomavirus].

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a condition with benign tumours in the respiratory tract. RRP ensues in both children and adults. The disease is induced by low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types HPV-6 and HPV-11.

[Pasteurella multocida meningitis secondary to functional endoscopic sinus surgery].

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a common, surgical procedure in Danish ear-nose-throat departments. Surgery is often performed as an outpatient procedure. Major complications are rare, however, they may develop after the patient has been discharged.

The value of routine follow-up after treatment for head and neck cancer. A national survey from DAHANCA.

Background: The post-treatment follow-up is well-integrated in the oncologic care tradition, based on the risk of developing recurrent disease or new primary tumors in treated patients. Furthermore, follow-up serves as an opportunity to monitor treatment effects and to provide clinical care of side effects. In this study we measured the activity and effectiveness of routine follow-up in head and neck cancer and assessed the value of follow-up from the perspectives of both physicians and the patients.

[Abscess in the spleen in a 28 year-old, previously healthy man].

A 28 year-old, previously healthy man was hospitalised with acute abdominal pain and a high fever. During six months the patient had suffered from severe pain in his left shoulder, left part of the thorax and over time also in the upper part of the abdomen. When hospitalised he showed biochemical signs of infection and a computer tomography of the abdomen revealed an 11 cm abscess in the spleen.

[Tracing exposed flight passengers after discovery of pulmonary tuberculosis].

During international air travel individuals stay in a closed environment which might lead to a risk of transmission of respiratory infectious diseases such as tuberculosis carried by infectious travellers. Tracing exposed passengers requires international cooperation and assistance from relevant authorities. We describe an investigation among fellow passengers to a traveller with sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis.