Characterization of Esocid Herpesvirus 1 (EsHV1) from Europe.

During routine sampling of northern pike, a male with circular blue-metallic granular spots mainly located on the head and back was identified. Histological investigations presented multifocally thickened epidermis rich in basophilic large structures with a granulated rim and a dense, non-granulated center. Other organs showed no signs of infection.

The Implications of Atlantic Salmon ( L.) Fatty Acid Profiles for Their Thiamine Status.

Thiamine deficiency is an ongoing issue across the Northern Hemisphere, causing reproductive failure in multiple salmonid populations. In the Baltic Sea, a large brackish water system in northern Europe, previous research has suggested that this deficiency is associated with lipid-rich diets with a high proportion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). The mechanism proposed is that a diet abundant in highly unsaturated fatty acids, such as DHA, depletes thiamine as an antioxidant defense in adult salmonids, rather than allocating thiamine to the offspring.

Thiamin dynamics during the adult life cycle of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).

Thiamin is an essential water-soluble B vitamin known for its wide range of metabolic functions and antioxidant properties. Over the past decades, reproductive failures induced by thiamin deficiency have been observed in several salmonid species worldwide, but it is unclear why this micronutrient deficiency arises. Few studies have compared thiamin concentrations in systems of salmonid populations with or without documented thiamin deficiency.

Characterization of a Novel Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV) from Genogroup 6 Identified in Sea Trout () from Lake Vänern, Sweden.

In November 2016, infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) was isolated from a broodstock female of landlocked sea trout () in Lake Vänern in Sweden. VP2 gene sequencing placed the IPNV isolate in genogroup 6, for which pathogenicity is largely unknown. Lake Vänern hosts landlocked sea trout and salmon populations that are endangered, and thus the introduction of new pathogens poses a major threat.

Non-lethal sampling for the detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum by qPCR for diagnosis of bacterial kidney disease.

Bacterial kidney disease (BKD), caused by Renibacterium salmoninarum (Rs), can be transmitted both horizontally and vertically and there is no available cure or prophylaxis. The control of BKD requires continuous surveillance, which is challenging in aquaculture as well as in programs for conservation and restoration of salmonid fish strains. BKD is a notifiable disease in Sweden and is monitored through the mandatory health control program using a polyclonal ELISA for detection of the Rs p57 protein in kidney.

Assessing the presence and spread of Renibacterium salmoninarum between farmed and wild fish in Sweden.

Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) can be a devastating bacterial infection in salmonids, and it is present in aquaculture throughout the world. BKD is caused by the Gram-positive facultative intracellular bacterium Renibacterium salmoninarum (R. salmoninarum) that is spread both horizontally and vertically.

A multi-biomarker study on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) affected by the emerging Red Skin Disease in the Baltic Sea.

For half a decade, the Atlantic salmon in the Baltic Sea has been facing severe health issues. Clinical signs like haemorrhage, erosions and ulcerative/necrotic skin conditions in returning adults have been reported from different Swedish rivers. These primary disease signs precede a secondary, terminal fungal infection.

High applicability of a novel method for gp60-based subtyping of Cryptosporidium meleagridis.

Cryptosporidium meleagridis is a common cause of cryptosporidiosis in avian hosts and the third most common species involved in human cryptosporidiosis. Sequencing of the highly polymorphic 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene is a frequently used tool for investigation of the genetic diversity and transmission dynamics of Cryptosporidium. However, few studies have included gp60 sequencing of C.

Cryptosporidium parvum IId family: clonal population and dispersal from Western Asia to other geographical regions.

In this study, 111 Cryptosporidium parvum IId isolates from several species of animals in China, Sweden, and Egypt were subtyped by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). One to eleven subtypes were detected at each of the 12 microsatellite, minisatellite, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci, forming 25 MLST subtypes. Host-adaptation and significant geographical segregation were both observed in the MLST subtypes.

Unusual cryptosporidiosis cases in Swedish patients: extended molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium viatorum and Cryptosporidium chipmunk genotype I.

Most human cases of cryptosporidiosis are caused by Cryptosporidium parvum or Cryptosporidium hominis, but the use of molecular diagnostic methods has revealed that several other less common species or genotypes can also be involved. Here, we describe two unusual causes of cryptosporidiosis, one being the recently described species Cryptosporidium viatorum and the other Cryptosporidium chipmunk genotype I. Two Swedish patients who were infected with C.

Effects of isoeugenol on in vitro neuromuscular blockade of rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparations.

Objective: To investigate in vitro effects of isoeugenol on neuromuscular transmission in tissues obtained from rats.

Sample Population: Tissues (phrenic nerve and diaphragm) obtained from 15 male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Procedure: Rats were euthanatized, and tissues (phrenic nerves and diaphragm) were obtained.