Diagnostic Accuracy Of The Electrocardiographic Decision Support - Myocardial Ischaemia (EDS-MI) Algorithm In Detection Of Acute Coronary Occlusion.

Electrocardiographic Decision Support - Myocardial Ischaemia (EDS-MI) is a graphical decision support for detection and localization of acute transmural ischaemia. A recent study indicated that EDS-MI performs well for detection of acute transmural ischaemia. However, its performance has not been tested in patients with non-ischaemic ST-deviation.

The Olson method for detection of acute myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary occlusion.

Unlabelled: An automated ECG-based method may provide diagnostic support in the management of patients with acute coronary syndrome. The Olson method has previously proved to accurately identify the culprit artery in patients with acute coronary occlusion.

Methods: The Olson method was applied to 360 patients without acute myocardial ischemia and 52 patients with acute coronary occlusion.

Comparison of model-based and expert-rule based electrocardiographic identification of the culprit artery in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Background And Purpose: Culprit coronary artery assessment in the triage ECG of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is relevant a priori knowledge preceding percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We compared a model-based automated method (Olson method) with an expert-rule based method for the culprit artery assessment.

Methods: In each of the 53 patients who were admitted with the working diagnosis of suspected ACS, scheduled for emergent angiography with a view on revascularization as initial treatment and subsequently found to have an angiographically documented completely occluded culprit artery, culprit artery location was assessed in the preceding ECG by both the model-based Olson method and the expert-rule based method that considered either visual or computer-measured J-point amplitudes.

Olson method for locating and calculating the extent of transmural ischemic areas at risk of infarction.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to present a new and improved method for translating the electrocardiographic changes of acute myocardial ischemia into a display which reflects the location and extent of the ischemic area and the associated culprit coronary artery. This method could be automated to present a graphic image of the ischemic area in a manner understandable by all levels of caregivers; from emergency transport personnel to the consulting cardiologist.

Background: Current methods for the ECG diagnosis of ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) are criteria driven, and complex, and beyond the interpretive capability of many caregivers.

Consideration of QRS complex in addition to ST segment abnormalities in the estimation of the 'risk region' during acute inferior myocardial infarction.

Background: The myocardial area at risk (MaR) has been estimated in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by using ST segment based ECG methods. However, as the process from ischemia to infarction progresses, the ST segment deviation is typically replaced by QRS abnormalities, causing a falsely low estimation of the total MaR if determined by using ST segment based methods. A previous study showed the value of the consideration of the abnormalities in the QRS complex, in addition to those in the ST segment estimating the total MaR for patients with anterior AMI.

Modeling vectorcardiograms based on left ventricle papillary muscle position.

Background: Vectorcardiographic QRS loops illustrate the electrical activation of the left ventricle (LV) in 3-dimensional space; however, the individual variability in these loops is not well understood. The left bundle-branch fan distributes the initial activation to the LV and has been shown to distribute its fascicles between the LV papillary muscles. Computer models of LV activation using papillary muscle as the initial electrical activation points accurately predict QRS duration and frontal plane axis.

Consideration of QRS complex in addition to ST-segment abnormalities in the estimated "risk region" during acute anterior myocardial infarction.

Background: The myocardial area at risk (MaR) has been estimated in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by using ST segment-based electrocardiographic (ECG) methods. As the process from ischemia to infarction progresses, the ST-segment deviation is typically replaced by QRS abnormalities causing a falsely low estimated total MaR if determined by using ST segment-based methods. The purpose of this study was to investigate if consideration of the abnormalities in the QRS complex, in addition to those in the ST segment, provides a more accurate estimated total MaR during anterior AMI than by considering the ST segment alone.

Vectorcardiogram synthesized from the 12-lead electrocardiogram to image ischemia.

Background: Knowledge of the location and size of ischemic myocardium at risk for infarction could impact prehospital patient triage and reperfusion therapy. The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) can roughly estimate ischemia size; however, individual precordial ECG leads are at different distances from the left ventricle (LV) and certain LV walls have greater effects on the ECG. Vectorcardiographic corrected orthogonal lead systems can display the magnitude and direction of the ST-segment "injury current" vector in 3-dimensional space.

Simulation of the QRS complex using papillary muscle positions as the site of early activation in human subjects.

Background: Simulation of the electrical activation of the heart and its comparison with real in vivo activation is a promising method in testing potential determinants of excitation. Simulation of the electrical activity of the human heart is now emerging as a step forward for understanding and predicting electrophysiologic patterns in humans. Initial points of excitation and the manner in which the activation spreads from these points are important variables determining QRS complex characteristics.

The relationship between mitral papillary muscles positions and characteristics of the QRS complex.

Background: QRS complex characteristics are considered to be one of the most significant diagnostic and prognostic determinants for assessment of several cardiac conditions. However, there is a large variability of the QRS complex even among "normal" individuals. This study was based on 2 assumptions: (1) that the portion of the left ventricular endocardium activated earliest is directly supplied by the "fanlike" distribution of the anterior, middle, and posterior fascicles of the left bundle branch, and (2) that the anterior and posterior fascicles course toward their respective mitral papillary muscles.

3D Heart: a new visual training method for electrocardiographic analysis.

This new training method is based on developing a sound understanding of the sequence in which electrical excitation spreads through both the normal and the infarcted myocardium. The student is made aware of the cardiac electrical performance through a series of 3-dimensional pictures during the excitation process. The electrocardiogram 3D Heart 3-dimensional program contains a variety of different activation simulations.