Encephalopathy in a Recent Lung Transplant Recipient.

A 27-year-old man with a history of bronchiolitis obliterans caused by a severe viral illness during early childhood that necessitated lung transplantation who was receiving tacrolimus therapy presented with rapidly worsening mental status. Prior to his change in mental status, his postoperative course was complicated by severe primary graft dysfunction and acute renal failure due to acute tubular necrosis that required continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). The patient had a prolonged intubation that required periodic BAL for mucous plugging.

Functional defect of peripheral neutrophils in mice with induced deletion of CXCR2.

Type 2 CXC chemokine receptor CXCR2 plays roles in development, tumorigenesis, and inflammation. CXCR2 also promotes demyelination and decreases remyelination by actions toward hematopoietic cells and nonhematopoietic cells. Germline CXCR2 deficient (Cxcr2(-/-) ) mice reported in 1994 revealed the complexity of CXCR2 function and its differential expression in varied cell-types.

A comparison of tau and 14-3-3 protein in the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Objective: To compare the respective efficiency of CSF tau (quantitative) and CSF 14-3-3 protein (qualitative) in the diagnosis of prion disease.

Methods: We made measurements on 420 live subjects, who subsequently underwent a postmortem neuropathology examination, including protein chemistry, immunohistochemistry, and histology. We performed tau by ELISA.

IL-17-induced Act1-mediated signaling is critical for cuprizone-induced demyelination.

Cuprizone inhibits mitochondrial function and induces demyelination in the corpus callosum, which resembles pattern III lesions in multiple sclerosis patients. However, the molecular and cellular mechanism by which cuprizone induces demyelination remains unclear. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) secreted by T helper 17 cells and γδT cells are essential in the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.