Tuning the selectivity of bimetallic Cu electrocatalysts for CO reduction using atomic layer deposition.

Cu-Zn bimetallic catalysts were synthesized on 3-D gas diffusion electrodes using atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques. Electrochemical CO reduction was evaluated, and a significant variation in the product selectivity was observed compared to unmodified Cu catalysts. As low as a single ALD cycle of ZnO resulted in a reduction of CH production and shift towards CO selectivity, which is attributed to changes in the chemical state of the surface.

Type A Aortic Dissection After TEVAR for Type B.

Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) has been associated with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for aortic conditions, both dissection and aneurysm. Our purpose was to study a subset of patients who had an initial TEVAR for type B aortic dissection, followed later by a TAAD which was treated by open ascending aortic repair. Over a 6-year period, 171 consecutive patients underwent open ascending aortic repair for TAAD, of whom 21 (12%) had a previous cardiovascular procedure, 17 of which were endovascular.

The Congenitally Malformed Aortic Valve in Type A Aortic Dissection: Its Frequency and Consequences.

A congenitally malformed aortic valve, unicuspid (UAV), or bicuspid (BAV), occurs in about 1% of the population and is known to be more frequent in patients with aortic dissection. The clinical and operative findings in a series of 134 patients with spontaneous, acute type A aortic dissection were studied, comparing patients with normal and abnormal aortic valve morphology. The aortic valve was normal in 123 of 134 (92%) patients and abnormal in 11 of 134 (8%) patients: BAV in 10 of 134 (7.

PHF6 cooperates with SWI/SNF complexes to facilitate transcriptional progression.

Genes encoding subunits of SWI/SNF (BAF) chromatin remodeling complexes are mutated in nearly 25% of cancers. To gain insight into the mechanisms by which SWI/SNF mutations drive cancer, we contributed ten rhabdoid tumor (RT) cell lines mutant for SWI/SNF subunit SMARCB1 to a genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 depletion screen performed across 896 cell lines. We identify PHF6 as specifically essential for RT cell survival and demonstrate that dependency on Phf6 extends to Smarcb1-deficient cancers in vivo.

Effect of metabolic status on response to SIV infection and antiretroviral therapy in nonhuman primates.

Current antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens efficiently limit HIV replication, thereby improving the life expectancy of people living with HIV; however, they also cause metabolic side effects. The ongoing obesity epidemic has resulted in more people with metabolic comorbidities at the time of HIV infection, yet the effect of preexisting metabolic dysregulation on infection sequelae and response to ART is unclear. Here, to investigate the impact of preexisting obesity and insulin resistance on acute infection and subsequent long-term ART, we infected a cohort of lean and obese adult male macaques with SIV and administered ART.

Chromatin remodellers as therapeutic targets.

Large-scale cancer genome sequencing studies have revealed that chromatin regulators are frequently mutated in cancer. In particular, more than 20% of cancers harbour mutations in genes that encode subunits of SWI/SNF (BAF) chromatin remodelling complexes. Additional links of SWI/SNF complexes to disease have emerged with the findings that some oncogenes drive transformation by co-opting SWI/SNF function and that germline mutations in select SWI/SNF subunits are the basis of several neurodevelopmental disorders.

Developmental origins shape the paediatric cancer genome.

In the past two decades, technological advances have brought unprecedented insights into the paediatric cancer genome revealing characteristics distinct from those of adult cancer. Originating from developing tissues, paediatric cancers generally have low mutation burden and are driven by variants that disrupt the transcriptional activity, chromatin state, non-coding cis-regulatory regions and other biological functions. Within each tumour, there are multiple populations of cells with varying states, and the lineages of some can be tracked to their fetal origins.

History and Current State of Neurosurgery in the Gambia.

Background: Despite global efforts to improve surgical care access, many low- and middle-income countries, especially in neurosurgery, face significant shortages. The Gambia exemplifies this, with only 1 fully qualified neurosurgeon serving its population of 2.5 million people.

Fatal Acute Myocardial Infarction With Normal Epicardial Coronary Arteries Shortly Following COVID-19 Vaccination.

Myocarditis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have been reported after COVID-19 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccination. Nearly all reported patients with myocarditis or AMI after COVID-19 vaccination have survived and become asymptomatic. Described herein is a previously healthy man who developed severe heart decompensation shortly after receiving a COVID-19 vaccination and died approximately 40 hours later.

Adipose Tissue Analysis Toolkit (ATAT) for automated analysis of adipocyte size and extracellular matrix in white adipose tissue.

Objective: The pathological expansion of white adipose tissue (WAT) in obesity involves adipocyte hypertrophy accompanied by expansion of the collagen-rich pericellular extracellular matrix (ECM) and development of crown-like structures (CLS). Traditionally, WAT morphology is assessed through immunohistochemical analysis of WAT sections. However, manual analysis of large histological sections is time-consuming, and the available digital tools for analyzing adipocyte size and pericellular ECM are limited.

Adipose Tissue Analysis Toolkit (ATAT) for Automated Analysis of Adipocyte Size and Extracellular Matrix in White Adipose Tissue.

Objective: The pathological expansion of white adipose tissue (WAT) in obesity involves adipocyte hypertrophy accompanied by expansion of collagen-rich pericellular extracellular matrix (ECM) and the development of crown-like structures (CLS). Traditionally, WAT morphology is assessed through immunohistochemical analysis of WAT sections. However, manual analysis of large histological sections is time-consuming, and available digital tools for analyzing adipocyte size and pericellular ECM are limited.

Atomic Layer Deposition of Cu Electrocatalysts on Gas Diffusion Electrodes for CO Reduction.

Electrochemical reduction of CO using Cu catalysts enables the synthesis of C products including CH and CHOH. In this study, Cu catalysts were fabricated using plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD), achieving conformal deposition of catalysts throughout 3-D gas diffusion electrode (GDE) substrates while maintaining tunable control of Cu nanoparticle size and areal loading. The electrochemical CO reduction at the Cu surface yielded a total Faradaic efficiency (FE) > 75% for C products.