Primary cilia formation requires the Leigh syndrome-associated mitochondrial protein NDUFAF2.

Mitochondria-related neurodegenerative diseases have been implicated in the disruption of primary cilia function. Mutation in an intrinsic mitochondrial complex I component NDUFAF2 has been identified in Leigh syndrome, a severe inherited mitochondriopathy. Mutations in ARMC9, which encodes a basal body protein, cause Joubert syndrome, a ciliopathy with defects in the brain, kidney, and eye.

Temperature Elevation in the Human Eye Due To Intraocular Projection Prosthesis Device.

Corneal opacity is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Corneal transplantation and keratoprosthesis can restore vision but have limitations due to the shortage of donor corneas and complications due to infection. A proposed alternative treatment using an intraocular projection prosthesis device can treat corneal disease.

Characterization of an Electronic Corneal Prosthesis System.

Purpose: Corneal opacity is a leading cause of reversible blindness worldwide. An electronic corneal prosthesis, or intraocular projector, could potentially restore high-quality vision without need for corneal clarity.

Materials And Methods: Four intraocular projection systems were constructed from commercially available electronic components and encased in biocompatible plastic housing.

Late detachment of Descemet's membrane after penetrating keratoplasty for pellucid marginal degeneration.

Purpose: we report a case of late spontaneous large detachment of Descemet's membrane in recurrent pellucid marginal degeneration after penetrating keratoplasty.

Observations: a 73-year-old man presented to clinic with spontaneous detachment of his Descemet's membrane 30 years after penetrating keratoplasty for pellucid marginal degeneration. Efforts were made to bubble the membrane back into place without success.

Feasibility of Intraocular Projection for Treatment of Intractable Corneal Opacity.

Despite many decades of research and development, corneal opacity remains a leading cause of reversible blindness worldwide. Corneal transplantation and keratoprosthesis can restore corneal clarity, but both have well-known limitations. High-resolution electronic microdisplays may offer an alternative to traditional methods of treating corneal disease using an intraocular implant to project imagery onto the retina, obviating the need for a clear cornea.

3D printing for low cost, rapid prototyping of eyelid crutches.

Blepharoptosis or ptosis is a common and potentially debilitating clinical problem. Long-term surgical treatment for ptosis caused by progressive myopathies can be challenging due to potential recurrence and complications associated with facial muscle weakness. When surgical treatment is no longer effective, an eyelid crutch can be used as an alternative intervention.

Iris suture fixation: Push-knot needle.

We describe a technique to create a locking knot for iris reconstruction or intraocular lens fixation. A modified needle is prepared by straightening the tip of an ophthalmic viscosurgical device needle or a lacrimal cannula needle. After the suture is passed through 2 sides of an iris defect, the 2 ends are externalized and looped.

Subjective Quality of Vision After Myopic LASIK: Prospective 1-Year Comparison of Two Wavefront-Guided Excimer Lasers.

Purpose: To compare subjective quality of vision between two wavefront-guided lasers in the treatment of myopia up to 1 year postoperatively.

Methods: In this prospective randomized study, 100 eyes of 50 patients were treated with wavefront-guided LASIK. One eye was treated with the WaveLight Allegretto Wave Eye-Q 400-Hz excimer laser (Alcon Laboratories, Inc.

Comparison of 2 femtosecond lasers for flap creation in myopic laser in situ keratomileusis: one-year results.

Purpose: To compare laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) outcomes between 2 femtosecond lasers for flap creation in the treatment of myopia up to 1 year.

Setting: University eye clinic.

Design: Prospective randomized eye-to-eye study.

Biocompatibility of poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(acrylic acid) interpenetrating network hydrogel by intrastromal implantation in rabbit cornea.

We evaluated the biocompatibility of a poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(acrylic acid) (PEG/PAA) interpenetrating network hydrogel designed for artificial cornea in a rabbit model. PEG/PAA hydrogel measuring 6 mm in diameter was implanted in the corneal stroma of twelve rabbits. Stromal flaps were created with a microkeratome.

Day 1 wavefront aberrometry for prediction of refractive outcomes at year 1 in myopic LASIK.

Purpose: To determine amount of change in wavefront aberrometric measurements from 1 day to 1 year after myopic LASIK.

Methods: One hundred five eyes of 105 patients underwent wavefront-guided LASIK. Objective wavefront aberrometric refractions were recorded preoperatively, at postoperative day 1, and at postoperative year 1.

A comparison of LASIK flap thickness and morphology between the Intralase 60- and 150-kHz femtosecond lasers.

Purpose: To prospectively compare the achieved thickness and consistency of LASIK flaps created with a 60- and 150-kHz femtosecond laser.

Methods: One hundred twenty eyes of 60 patients with myopia were treated with LASIK. One eye had flap created by the Intralase FS 60-kHz femtosecond laser (Abbott Medical Optics, Abbott Park, IL) and the fellow eye was treated with the IntraLase iFS 150-kHz femtosecond laser (Abbott Medical Optics).

Successful DMEK after intraoperative graft inversion.

Purpose: Hardiness of a Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) graft is not well established. The aim of this study was to report a case of graft survival after intraoperative inversion.

Methods: We describe a case of a 76-year-old man with Fuchs corneal dystrophy who underwent DMEK in the left eye.

Prevention and treatment of injection-related endophthalmitis.

Background: Intravitreal injections are the fastest growing cause of endophthalmitis and can result in severe vision loss. The prevention, diagnosis and management of such infections remain unclear and at times controversial.

Methods: We searched Pubmed for keywords "prophylaxis," "endophthalmitis," "intravitreal injection.

Comparison of 2 wavefront-guided excimer lasers for myopic laser in situ keratomileusis: one-year results.

Purpose: To compare laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) outcomes between 2 wavefront-guided excimer laser systems in the treatment of myopia.

Setting: University eye clinic, Palo Alto, California, USA.

Design: Prospective comparative case series.

Prevention of postcataract endophthalmitis: evidence-based medicine.

Purpose Of Review: To provide a summary of current peer-reviewed publications on the methods of prophylaxis against postcataract endophthalmitis.

Recent Findings: Preoperative application of povidone-iodine remains the standard protocol for the prevention of postoperative endophthalmitis. More recent evidence suggests that intracameral cefuroxime administered at the conclusion of surgery significantly reduces the risk of endophthalmitis.

Vascular endothelial growth factor mediates corneal nerve repair.

Purpose: To examine the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors in the cornea and the trigeminal ganglion and to characterize the role of VEGF in mediating corneal nerve repair.

Methods: Regeneration of the corneal subbasal nerve plexus after epithelial debridement was measured. The expression of VEGF and its receptors was examined in the trigeminal ganglia and in the cornea by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting.

Transgenic corneal neurofluorescence in mice: a new model for in vivo investigation of nerve structure and regeneration.

Purpose: To quantify the level of neuron-specific fluorescence in the corneas of transgenic mice expressing yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) driven by the thy1 promoter and examine the viability of using thy1-YFP mice as a model for studying nerve regeneration in vivo.

Methods: The structure of corneal innervation in thy1-YFP mice visible with reporter gene fluorescence was compared with that visible with traditional immunofluorescence techniques. The percentage of corneal nerves with YFP fluorescence in wholemounted corneas and trigeminal neuron cultures was determined.