Understanding the lived experiences of people living with epilepsy: Oral history assessment in the Shai Osudoku and Ningo Prampram districts, Ghana.

Introduction: Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological condition globally, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Ghana, it is one of the top five causes of premature death and disability, impacting children's neurological development and learning outcomes. Although 25% of epilepsy cases are preventable, many go undiagnosed and untreated.

Experience and perceptions of mental ill-health in people with epilepsy in rural Ethiopia: A qualitative study.

Introduction: Understanding the lived experience of mental health and illness in people with epilepsy has been little investigated in Africa and yet is essential to inform person-centered care. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences mental ill-health in the contexts of the lives of people with epilepsy in rural Ethiopia.

Methods: A phenomenological approach was employed using in-depth individual interviews with PWE.

Integrating alternative and complementary medicine in the management of epilepsy and its comorbidities in low- and middle-income settings.

Traditional/alternative and complementary medicine (TCM) encompasses products, practices and practitioners that do not form part of conventional treatment and are not an integral part of the main health care systems. They are very common in the management of epilepsy and mental health conditions, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). For instance, in a population-based survey in Africa, over 70% of people with epilepsy had visited a traditional health practitioner before the survey, with similarly high estimates reported in Asia and South America.

Psychiatric Comorbidities in Persons With Epilepsy Compared With Persons Without Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Several psychiatric disorders have been found to occur more frequently in persons with epilepsy (PWE) than in persons without epilepsy.

Objective: To summarize the prevalence of 20 psychiatric disorders in PWE compared with persons without epilepsy.

Data Sources: The search included records from inception to February 2024 in Ovid, MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO.

Exploring psychotic symptoms among substance-naïve individuals and recent abstainers without a psychosis diagnosis: A cross-country study across Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, and South Africa.

Psychotic symptoms are of increasing interest in mental health due to their predictive value for future psychotic disorders. While these symptoms are prevalent in the general population, their occurrence varies globally. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and factors associated with psychotic symptoms among individuals identified as substance-naïve and recent abstainers without a history of psychosis.

A digital dashboard for reporting mental, neurological and substance use disorders in Nairobi, Kenya: Implementing an open source data technology for improving data capture.

The availability of quality and timely data for routine monitoring of mental, neurological and substance use (MNS) disorders is a challenge, particularly in Africa. We assessed the feasibility of using an open-source data science technology (R Shiny) to improve health data reporting in Nairobi City County, Kenya. Based on a previously used manual tool, in June 2022, we developed a digital online data capture and reporting tool using the open-source Kobo toolbox.

Supporting African communities to increase resilience and mental health of kids with developmental disabilities and their caregivers using the World Health Organization's Caregiver Skills Training Programme (SPARK trial): study protocol for a cluster randomised clinical controlled trial.

Background: Most children with developmental disabilities (DD) live in low- and middle-income countries, but access to services is limited, impacting their ability to thrive. Pilot study findings of the World Health Organization's Caregiver Skills Training (WHO CST) intervention, which equips caregivers with strategies to facilitate learning and adaptive behaviours in children with DD, are promising but evidence from an appropriately powered trial delivered by non-specialist facilitators is lacking. This study will investigate the effectiveness and the resource impacts and costs and consequences of the WHO CST intervention in four sites in rural and urban Kenya and Ethiopia.

A blended genome and exome sequencing method captures genetic variation in an unbiased, high-quality, and cost-effective manner.

We deployed the Blended Genome Exome (BGE), a DNA library blending approach that generates low pass whole genome (1-4× mean depth) and deep whole exome (30-40× mean depth) data in a single sequencing run. This technology is cost-effective, empowers most genomic discoveries possible with deep whole genome sequencing, and provides an unbiased method to capture the diversity of common SNP variation across the globe. To evaluate this new technology at scale, we applied BGE to sequence >53,000 samples from the Populations Underrepresented in Mental Illness Associations Studies (PUMAS) Project, which included participants across African, African American, and Latin American populations.

The impact of COVID-19 on people with epilepsy: Global results from the coronavirus and epilepsy study.

Objective: To characterize the experience of people with epilepsy and aligned healthcare workers (HCWs) during the first 18 months of the COVID-19 pandemic and compare experiences in high-income countries (HICs) with non-HICs.

Methods: Separate surveys for people with epilepsy and HCWs were distributed online in April 2020. Responses were collected to September 2021.

A Phase I trial of Non-invasive Ventilation and seizure prophylaxis with levetiracetam In Children with Cerebral Malaria Trial (NOVICE-M Trial).

Background: African children with cerebral malaria and seizures caused are at greater risk of poor outcomes including death and neurological sequelae. The agonal events are severe hypoventilation and respiratory arrest often triggered by seizures. We hypothesised that prophylactic anti-seizure medication (ASM) could avert 'spikes' of intracranial pressure during or following seizures and that adequate ventilation could be supported by biphasic Cuirass Ventilation (BCV) which requires no intubation.

The mRNA content of plasma extracellular vesicles provides a window into molecular processes in the brain during cerebral malaria.

The impact of cerebral malaria on the transcriptional profiles of cerebral tissues is difficult to study using noninvasive approaches. We isolated plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) from patients with cerebral malaria and community controls and sequenced their mRNA content. Deconvolution analysis revealed that EVs from cerebral malaria are enriched in transcripts of brain origin.

Parental perspectives regarding the return of genomic research results in neurodevelopmental disorders in South Africa: anticipated impact and preferences.

Few policies and little research exist regarding the disclosure of genomic results to research participants in Africa. As understanding participant preferences would be pivotal to the success of the feedback process, this study set out to address this issue by engaging with enrolled participants from an ongoing genomics research project on neurodevelopmental disorders with the aim to assess the anticipated impact of receiving pertinent results and explore the preferences for feedback in a South African context. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 parents of children participating in the research study.

Sequential levetiracetam and phenytoin in electroencephalographic neonatal seizures unresponsive to phenobarbital: a multicenter prospective observational study in India.

Background: Although levetiracetam and phenytoin are widely used antiseizure medications (ASM) in neonates, their efficacy on seizure freedom is unclear. We evaluated electroencephalographic (EEG) seizure freedom following sequential levetiracetam and phenytoin in neonatal seizures unresponsive to phenobarbital.

Methods: We recruited neonates born ≥35 weeks and aged <72 h who had continued electrographic seizures despite phenobarbital, from three Indian hospitals, between 20 June 2020 and 31 July 2022.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on child and adolescent mental health among healthcare workers in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review.

Introduction: Child and adolescent mental health is a global priority. In sub-Saharan Africa, despite the high burden, there is a gap in health services for children and adolescents with mental health disorders. To bridge this gap, healthcare workers require a good understanding of child and adolescent mental health, the right attitude, and practices geared to improving child and adolescent mental health.

Multipsychiatric Comorbidity in People With Epilepsy Compared With People Without Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background And Objectives: Persons with epilepsy (PwE) have a higher risk of developing psychiatric comorbidities compared with the general population. There is limited knowledge about the prevalence of multiple psychiatric conditions in PwE. We summarize the current evidence on the prevalence of multipsychiatric comorbidities in PwE compared with persons without epilepsy.

Parental Perspectives Regarding the Return of Genomic Research Results in Neurodevelopmental Disorders in South Africa: Anticipated Impact and Preferences.

Few policies and little research exist regarding the disclosure of genomic results to research participants in Africa. As understanding participant preferences would be pivotal to the success of the feedback process, this study set out to address this issue by engaging with enrolled participants from an ongoing genomics research project on neurodevelopmental disorders with the aim to assess the anticipated impact of receiving pertinent results and explore the preferences for feedback in a South-African context. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 parents of children participating in the research study.