Racial Inequity in High-Risk Infant Follow-Up Among Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants.

Background And Objectives: High-risk infant follow-up programs (HRIFs) are a recommended standard of care for all extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants to help mitigate known risks to long-term health and development. However, participation is variable, with known racial and ethnic inequities, though hospital-level drivers of inequity remain unknown. We conducted a study using a large, multicenter cohort of ELBW infants to explore within- and between-hospital inequities in HRIF participation.

Follow-through care for high-risk infants during the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned from the Vermont Oxford Network.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has altered the delivery of follow-up care for high-risk infants. We performed an audit to characterize programmatic responses in a quality improvement network.

Study Design: We audited 43 North American-based follow-up programs of the Vermont Oxford Network Extremely Low Birth Weight Follow-up Study Group in October, 2020.

Optimizing High-risk Infant Follow-up in Nonresearch-based Paradigms: The New England Follow-up Network.

Objectives: To establish the first regional quality improvement collaborative solely dedicated to follow-through care of high-risk infants after Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge and to characterize extremely low birth weight (ELBW) follow-up in New England.

Methods: Eleven of 14 follow-up programs in New England partnered with the Vermont Oxford Network (VON) ELBW project for an initial data collection project. We collected information about the health status and developmental outcomes of infants born ≤1,000 g or younger than 28 weeks 2014-2016 at the 18-24 months corrected for gestational age (CGA) follow-up visit.

Growth morbidity in extremely low birth weight survivors of necrotizing enterocolitis at discharge and two-year follow-up.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine postnatal growth outcomes and predictors of growth failure at 18-24months corrected age among extremely low birth weight (ELBW) survivors of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) compared to survivors without NEC.

Methods: Data were collected prospectively on ELBW (22-27weeks gestation or 401-1000g birth weight) infants born 2000-2013 at 46 centers participating in the Vermont Oxford Network follow-up project. Severe growth failure was defined as <3rd percentile weight-for-age.

Severe neurodevelopmental disability and healthcare needs among survivors of medical and surgical necrotizing enterocolitis: A prospective cohort study.

Purpose: This study characterizes neurodevelopmental outcomes and healthcare needs of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) survivors of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) compared to ELBW infants without NEC.

Methods: Data were collected prospectively on neonates born 22-27weeks' gestation or 401-1000g at 47 Vermont Oxford Network member centers from 1999 to 2012. Detailed neurodevelopmental evaluations were conducted at 18-24months corrected age.

Identification of Risk Factors for Elevated Neonatal Gentamicin Trough Concentrations.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify neonatal and maternal characteristics that may be associated with elevated neonatal gentamicin trough concentrations despite application of a previously published gentamicin dosage strategy.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of all neonates admitted to University of Vermont Medical Center (562-bed academic teaching hospital, Burlington, VT) receiving gentamicin between June 1, 2009, and August 31, 2013. A total of 205 neonates were included, with 41 cases and 164 controls.

Effects of a lifestyle program on vascular reactivity in macro- and microcirculation in severely obese adolescents.

Context And Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively assess the macro- and microcirculation of severely obese adolescents (SOA) and normal-weight counterparts and to determine the longitudinal effects of weight loss on vascular function in SOA. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND OUTCOME MEASURES: Seventeen SOA (body mass index z-score = 4.22 ± 0.

Decreased microvascular myogenic response to insulin in severely obese adolescents.

By means of flowmotion analysis, it is mainly accepted that, in normal conditions, insulin specifically increases the activity of microvascular smooth muscle. The objective of this study was to compare this effect in severely obese and normal-weight adolescents. Laser Doppler measurements were used to assess cutaneous blood flux (CBF) and flowmotion in response to transdermal iontophoresis of insulin in 20 severely obese adolescents (SOA) aged 12-17 years (BMI = 33.

Neurodevelopmental outcome of extremely low birth weight infants from the Vermont Oxford network: 1998-2003.

Background: Physicians and parents face significant uncertainties when making care decisions for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Many published estimates of death and developmental outcome are from well-funded university programs and may not reflect outcomes of infants from a variety of settings. The best estimates of the probabilities of death and severe disability combine local experience and published data.

APOB-516 T allele homozygous subjects are unresponsive to dietary changes in a three-month primary intervention study targeted to reduce fat intake.

Dietary guidelines aim to control fat intake and reduce cardiovascular risk but an important interindividual variability occurs among subjects. The objective was to investigate whether the response of lipid and glucose homeostasis parameters after a three-month diet aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk could be modulated by the -516C/T polymorphism in the apolipoprotein B gene (APOB). Middle-aged men (n = 69) and women (n = 100) with moderate cardiovascular disease risk were advised to reduce total energy and fat intakes and replace saturated dietary fat by monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat.

Improving newborn preventive services at the birth hospitalization: a collaborative, hospital-based quality-improvement project.

Objective: The goal was to test the effectiveness of a statewide, collaborative, hospital-based quality-improvement project targeting preventive services delivered to healthy newborns during the birth hospitalization.

Methods: All Vermont hospitals with obstetric services participated. The quality-improvement collaborative (intervention) was based on the Breakthrough Series Collaborative model.