The Hawkins Sign of the Talus: The Impact of Patient Factors on Prediction Accuracy.

Background: Osteonecrosis is a complication of talar neck fractures associated with chronic pain and poor functional outcomes. The Hawkins sign, the radiographic presence of subchondral lucency seen in the talar dome 6 to 8 weeks after trauma, is a strong predictor of preserved talar vascularity. This study sought to assess the accuracy of the Hawkins sign in a contemporary cohort and assess factors associated with inaccuracy.

Talar Neck Fractures With Associated Ipsilateral Foot and Ankle Fractures Have a Higher Risk of Avascular Necrosis.

Objectives: To determine if talar neck fractures with concomitant ipsilateral foot and/or ankle fractures (TNIFAFs) are associated with higher rates of avascular necrosis (AVN) compared with isolated talar neck fractures (ITNs).

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Single level I trauma center.

Association of Talar Neck Fractures With Body Extension and Risk of Avascular Necrosis.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine whether talar neck fractures with proximal extension (TNPE) into the talar body are associated with higher rates of avascular necrosis (AVN) compared to isolated talar neck (TN) fractures.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients sustaining talar neck fractures at a level I trauma center from 2008 to 2016 was performed. Demographic and clinical data were collected from the electronic medical record.

The Costs of Interfacility Transfers for Nonurgent Pediatric Supracondylar Fractures.

Background: Unnecessary transfers of nonemergent pediatric musculoskeletal injuries to regional trauma centers can be costly. The severity of fracture displacement in supracondylar humerus fractures dictates the risk of complications, the urgency of transfer and the need for surgical treatment. The purpose of this study is to examine the transfer patterns of Gartland type II pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures to identify strategies for improving patient care, improving health care system efficiency, and reducing costs.

Clinical Outcomes Following Distal Femur Replacement for Periprosthetic Distal Femur Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Management of periprosthetic distal femur fractures (PDFFs) is often complicated by poor bone quality and limited bone stock making fixation attempts challenging and prone to failure. Distal femoral replacement (DFR) is being used to treat such injuries although outcome data are mostly from small case series. We sought to systematically review the literature on DFR for PDFF to summarize their outcomes.

Myocyte contractility can be maintained by storing cells with the myosin ATPase inhibitor 2,3 butanedione monoxime.

Isolated intact myocytes can be used to investigate contractile mechanisms and to screen new therapeutic compounds. These experiments typically require euthanizing an animal and isolating fresh cells each day or analyzing cultured myocytes, which quickly lose their rod-shaped morphology. Recent data suggest that the viability of canine myocytes can be prolonged using low temperature and N-benzyl-p-toluene sulfonamide (an inhibitor of skeletal myosin ATPase).