Enhancing primary healthcare in under-resourced communities with mobile health clinics.

Mobile health clinics (MHCs) have the potential to enhance primary care in low-resource communities. This article describes an initiative spearheaded by public health nurses that utilized MHCs to provide affordable, equitable, and culturally appropriate primary healthcare services to a rural community in Haiti.

Psychological intimate partner violence, child witnessing of parental arguments, and emotional-behavioral outcomes in five-years old: The French ELFE cohort.

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with children's emotional and behavioral difficulties. Psychological-IPV (P-IPV) is most common, and occurs alone or along other forms of IPV. Little is known about the longitudinal course of P-IPV exposure and its consequences on children taking into account whether or not they are present during parental arguments.

Dietary exposure to mixtures of chemicals in the first year of life and allergic and respiratory diseases up to 8 years in the French EDEN mother-child cohort.

Exposure to environmental chemicals has been associated with higher risk of childhood allergies. This study aimed to examine the association between infant's dietary exposure to mixtures of chemicals and allergic and respiratory multimorbidity in childhood. Dietary exposures were assessed at 8 and 12 months in 724 and 745 children of the EDEN cohort.

Associations between perinatal biomarkers of maternal dairy fat intake and child cognitive development: results from the EDEN mother-child cohort.

Background/objective: Offspring's optimal neurodevelopment depends on maternal dietary lipids supply during the perinatal period. Dairy products are an important source of fat in Western diets. This study aimed at examining the associations between maternal dairy fat intake during pregnancy, evaluated through biomarkers in perinatal biofluids (C15:0 and C17:0) and child's cognitive outcomes.

A potential platform for future vaccine trials identifies high incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic influenza infection among children aged 6-23 months in South Africa.

Background: Approaches for determining whether influenza vaccination prevents infection, attenuates illness, or both, are important for developing improved vaccines. We estimated influenza infection incidence, and evaluated symptom ascertainment methodologies in children to inform future vaccine trial design.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study among children aged 6-23 months from May-October 2022.

Public health rapid response in managing COVID-19 outbreaks in residential aged care facilities: a regional public health unit perspective.

We describe here the impact of managing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks, during January-August 2022, in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) in Central Queensland, Australia, following the deployment of a public health rapid response team (PHRRT, comprising a medical officer, a communicable disease nurse, and an epidemiologist) from a regional public health unit (PHU). Our existing vaccine preventable diseases surveillance framework was used in identifying any symptomatic resident, triggering a PHRRT response. We found that the Hospital in the Home (HiTH) admission and death events were significantly lower after the introduction of the PHRRT than in the outbreaks that occurred before.

Timing of food pieces introduction and neurodevelopment: findings from a nationwide birth cohort.

Background: While complementary feeding can be challenging, little emphasis has been placed on the introduction to food texture/pieces, especially in terms of neurodevelopmental outcomes. This study aims to determine the association between the timing of introduction to food pieces during infancy and neurodevelopment in early childhood. We hypothesized that late introduction to food texture/pieces relates to unfavorable neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Search for Time-Dependent CP Violation in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} Decays.

A measurement of time-dependent CP violation in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} decays using a pp collision data sample collected by the LHCb experiment in 2012 and from 2015 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 7.7  fb^{-1}, is presented. The initial flavor of each D^{0} candidate is determined from the charge of the pion produced in the D^{*}(2010)^{+}→D^{0}π^{+} decay.

Early childcare arrangements and children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms: an individual participant data meta-analysis of six prospective birth cohorts in Europe.

Background: Early childcare attendance may be related to children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms throughout childhood and young adolescence, however evidence from Europe is limited. We aimed to assess this association across multiple population-based birth cohorts of children recruited in different European countries.

Methods: Data come from six parent-offspring prospective birth cohort studies across five European countries within the EU Child Cohort Network.

Hair cortisol concentrations across pregnancy and maternal postpartum depressive symptoms - The ELFE cohort.

Postpartum depression and depressive symptoms have a major impact on maternal and infant health and well-being, yet to date their aetiology remains unclear. One hypothesis suggests a link between these symptoms and variations in prenatal cortisol levels, but existing evidence is limited and inconclusive. This study aims to provide additional evidence to disentangle the relationship between prenatal cortisol concentrations and subsequent occurrence of postpartum depressive symptoms.

Exposure to bisphenol A in European women from 2007 to 2014 using human biomonitoring data - The European Joint Programme HBM4EU.

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA; or 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol) is an endocrine disrupting chemical. It was widely used in a variety of plastic-based manufactured products for several years. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recently reduced the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for BPA by 20,000 times due to concerns about immune-toxicity.

Urban environment exposures, energy balance-related behaviors and their combination in preschoolers from three European countries.

Background: Urban environments are characterized by many factors that may influence children's energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs), but there is limited research on the impact of prospective exposure to multiple urban factors in preschoolers. We evaluated prospective associations between various urban exposures and EBRBs in preschoolers across Europe, with EBRBs considered both individually and combined into lifestyle patterns.

Methods: We used data from 4,073 preschoolers (aged 3-4 years) participating in three European cohorts from the EU Child Cohort Network: BiB (United Kingdom), EDEN (France), and INMA (Spain).

Distribution of 210Po activity and soil texture in agricultural soil.

The assessment of 210Po in agricultural soil matrices in different regions of Kerala and Karnataka was studied. The wet ash method was used to find the activity concentration of 210Po. The alpha activity was counted using a silver-activated zinc sulfide counter of 30% efficiency, and the activity was calculated.

Bidirectional Associations Between Mental Health Disorders and Chronic Diabetic Complications in Individuals With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To determine bidirectional associations between the timing of chronic diabetes complications (CDCs) and mental health disorders (MHDs) in individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: We used a nationally representative health care claims database to identify matched individuals with type 1 or 2 diabetes or without diabetes using a propensity score quasirandomization technique stratified by age (0-19, 20-39, 40-59, and ≥60 years). CDCs and MHDs were identified using ICD-9/10 codes.

Long-term health in individuals born preterm or with low birth weight: A cohort study.

Background: To measure the association of prematurity and non-preterm low birth weight (LBW) with several long-term health outcomes.

Methods: We selected adult participants from the Constances cohort. Associations between preterm birth (<37 weeks versus ≥37 weeks) and outcomes were measured using modified Poisson regression with adjustment for participant age and parental history.

Modification of χ_{c1}(3872) and ψ(2S) Production in pPb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV.

The LHCb Collaboration measures production of the exotic hadron χ_{c1}(3872) in proton-nucleus collisions for the first time. Comparison with the charmonium state ψ(2S) suggests that the exotic χ_{c1}(3872) experiences different dynamics in the nuclear medium than conventional hadrons, and comparison with data from proton-proton collisions indicates that the presence of the nucleus may modify χ_{c1}(3872) production rates. This is the first measurement of the nuclear modification factor of an exotic hadron.

Optimisation of Negative Fixed Charge Based Edge Termination for Vertical GaN Schottky Devices.

This study focuses on the impact of negative fixed charge, achieved through fluorine (F) implantation, on breakdown voltage (BV) enhancement in vertical GaN Schottky diodes. Several device and implant-related parameters are examined using Synopsys Sentaurus TCAD simulations in order to determine the optimum fixed negative charge concentration required to achieve the highest BV. The simulated structure consisted of a Schottky diode with a box consisting of negative fixed charges to achieve the edge termination of the Schottky device.

Mathematical model to assess the impact of contact rate and environment factor on transmission dynamics of rabies in humans and dogs.

This paper presents a mathematical model to understand how rabies spreads among humans, free-range, and domestic dogs. By analyzing the model, we discovered that there are equilibrium points representing both disease-free and endemic states. We calculated the basic reproduction number, using the next generation matrix method.

Adenovirus 36 seropositivity is related to the expression of anti-adipogenic lncRNAs GAS5 and MEG3 in adipose tissue obtained from subjects with obesity.

Background: Human Adenovirus D-36 (HAdV-D36) promotes adipogenesis in cellular and animal models and may contribute to the development of human obesity. Induction of PPARγ by HAdV-D36 seems to have a central role in the maintenance of adipogenic status. There is limited information about epigenetic mechanisms contributing to this process in human adipose tissue.