Bond strength comparison of chemically activated hard reline materials on CAD-CAM milled and conventional heat-polymerized PMMA denture bases.

Statement Of Problem: Comprehensive data are needed on the performance of chemically activated, chairside hard reline materials when used with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milled polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture bases and conventionally processed bases. This lack of data affects decisions regarding the chairside reline material to be used for improving the fit and retention of relined complete dentures.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of 3 chemically activated, chairside hard reline materials on CAD-CAM milled and conventional heat-polymerized PMMA denture bases.

Fabricating crowns that fit both an implant and an existing removable partial denture.

Fabricating a crown to fit both a tooth and an existing removable partial denture (RPD) using many different techniques has been described. However, in the event of abutment loss, information regarding the clinical and laboratory steps used to fabricate a crown that fits both an implant and an RPD is lacking. This report describes the use of either an impression coping or an interim abutment attached to the implant to which a composite resin interim restoration material is flowed and the RPD then seated to form a resin pattern of the required crown form.

Proposal regarding horizontal and vertical positioning of single implants placed in healed sites: Effect on cervical crown form and the need for bone grafting.

Statement Of Problem: When single implants are placed in healed sites, guidelines are lacking on the horizontal and vertical implant positions that optimize cervical crown form and the implant locations that would require bone grafting to develop the optimal crown form.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the cervical contour of wax patterns formed on casts of single implants placed in healed sites and to determine which horizontal and vertical implant positions produced the best cervical crown form and which indicated the need for bone grafting.

Material And Methods: Fifty-eight wax patterns were fabricated on casts where implants had been placed in healed sites without bone grafting.

Vertical Mouth Opening Requirements for CAD/CAM Fully Guided Implant Surgery: An Analysis of Different Implant Systems.

Purpose: To determine the vertical space required for implant osteotomy preparation when utilizing a CAD/CAM fully guided surgical template.

Materials And Methods: A total of 14 surgical osteotomy drills (individual and sequential drills) were collected and measured individually using a digital caliper, as well as the total length when the drills were positioned in a surgical handpiece. The height of the surgical guide sleeves and the offset of 14 implant systems in the market were also collected.

Proposal regarding potential causes related to certain complications with dental implants and adjacent natural teeth: Physics applied to prosthodontics.

Purpose: Complications can and do occur with implants and their restorations with causes having been proposed for some single implant complications but not for others.

Methods: A review of pertinent literature was conducted. A PubMed search of vibration, movement, and dentistry had 175 citations, while stress waves, movement, and dentistry had zero citations as did stress waves, movement.

Effects of cyclic loading on loss of abutment screw torque of angled screw channel single implant crowns on narrow diameter implants.

Statement Of Problem: Screw access channels that emerge on the facial aspect of anterior screw-retained implant crowns can compromise esthetics. Recently, angled screw channels (ASCs) have been developed that can alter screw access channel angulations to improve esthetics. While ASCs can be used on narrow-diameter implants, information is limited on the loss of abutment screw torque on narrow-diameter implants with ASCs.

Evaluation of Marginal and Internal Fit of Ceramic Laminate Veneers Fabricated with Five Intraoral Scanners and Indirect Digitization.

The long-term success of ceramic laminate veneers (CLVs) is influenced by the marginal and internal fit of the restorations. However, studies comparing the fit of CLVs using different intraoral scanners or the indirect digitization technique are lacking. The purpose of this study was therefore to assess the marginal and internal fit of CAD/CAM-milled CLVs using different intraoral scanners and the indirect digitalization technique.

Noncarious cervical lesions: Morphology and progression, prevalence, etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical guidelines for restoration.

Purpose: To synthesize the literature regarding noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) and propose clinical guidelines when lesion restoration is indicated.

Material And Methods: A PubMed search was performed related to NCCL morphology, progression, prevalence, etiology, pathophysiology, and restoration.

Results: NCCLs form as either rounded (saucerlike) depressions with smooth, featureless surfaces that progress mainly in height or as V-shaped indentations that increase in both height and depth.

Selecting a Virtual Articulator: An Analysis of the Factors Available with Mechanical Articulators and their Potential Need for Inclusion with Virtual Articulators.

The ever-expanding world of digital technology has produced many changes, including the availability of virtual articulators. The use of such digital technology requires an understanding of the features that have been available with different mechanical articulators. These features include such items as facebow, intercondylar distance, incisal guide table, condylar inclination, reference plane, lateral condylar inclination, immediate mandibular translation, and ability to verify a centric relation record.

Additive Manufacturing for Complete Denture Fabrication: A Narrative Review.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the benefits and limitations of additive manufacturing for complete denture fabrication.

Methods: A PubMed and Google Scholar search for topics pertaining to additive manufacturing for complete dentures was performed. The resulting articles were then divided into topics to allow a narrative review.

Heat and Sound Generation During Implant Osteotomy When Using Different Types of Drills in Artificial and Bovine Bone Blocks.

The purpose of this study was to compare heat and sound generated during implant osteotomy when different types of drill were used in artificial bone and bovine bone blocks. A total of 80 implant osteotomies were formed using 4 implant drilling systems: N1 (OsseoShaper) (Nobel), NobelActive (Nobel), V3 (MIS), and BLX (Straumann) in both artificial bone and bovine bone blocks. Thermocouple probes were used to record temperature change at the depths of 5.

Comparison of Different Clinical Decision Support Tools in Aiding Dental and Medical Professionals in Managing Primary Dentition Traumatic Injuries.

Background: Many patients are taken to the emergency room for dental trauma treatment, but studies reveal that medical professionals do not feel confident in diagnosing and treating children with traumatic dental injuries. The purpose of this study was to determine if a clinical decision support tool (CDST) would improve dental trauma knowledge of primary teeth in medical students and pediatric dentists. Another purpose was assessing effectiveness of print and mobile app CDSTs.

Conversion of Digital Dentures for Immediate Loading of Complete Arch Implant Prostheses.

The development and expanded use of digital dentures has led to their use in the immediate loading of complete arch implant prostheses. This paper reviews the prosthetic complications that can occur with immediately loaded conversion prostheses along with the advantages afforded by digital dentures in minimizing or eliminating these complications. The process of using digital dentures in the fabrication of conversion dentures for immediate loading of complete arch implant prostheses is presented as well as the use of digital dentures for definitive prostheses.

Occlusal Schemes for Implant Restorations: Best Evidence Consensus Statement.

Purpose: Numerous studies have focused on the various complications with implant-retained restorations and a common thread in these publications is the potential for occlusal overload. The purpose of this Best Evidence Consensus Statement on implant occlusal schemes was to review the literature to determine the level of scientific evidence upon which the articles are based.

Materials And Methods: Limiting the search to Clinical trials, Randomized Controlled Trials, Systematic Reviews, Meta-analyses, the key words: dental implants, occlusion, found no citations.

Occlusal Vertical Dimension: Best Evidence Consensus Statement.

Purpose: Patients in need of extensive prosthodontic treatment may need restoration of their occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) due to tooth wear, tooth loss, or changes that have occurred to existing prostheses over time. Prosthodontic treatment is based on the clinical application of the available evidence regarding interocclusal distance (IOD), the positional stability of rest vertical dimension (RVD), and the effect of altering the OVD. Hence, the purpose of this consensus document is to examine available data related to IOD, RVD, and alteration of the OVD.

Frankfort Mandibular Plane Angle: Critically Appraised Topic (CAT).

Purpose: The objective of this Critically Appraised Topic was to determine the level of evidence relative to the usefulness of the Frankfort mandibular plane angle in prosthodontic treatment.

Materials And Methods: The Patient Intervention Comparison Outcome (PICO) mesh heading received zero PubMed references, as did Frankfort Mandibular Plane Angle (FMA) as a determinant for dental occlusion and Frankfort Mandibular Plane Angle as a determinant of the occlusal scheme. Frankfort Mandibular Plane Angle alone received 168 PubMed citations that highlighted 2 DiPietro articles and a third from the orthodontics literature which was a Randomized Controlled Trial not relevant to the PICO.

What Occlusal Scheme Should Be Used with Removable Partial Dentures?

Purpose: Multiple clinical studies have been published comparing different philosophies of complete denture occlusion and different types of denture teeth. However, it is unclear whether comparable data are available for occlusal schemes used with removable partial dentures (RPDs). Therefore, this review investigated the dental literature related to occlusal schemes for RPDs.

Reducing the need to maintain fixed complete dentures by providing gold occlusal surfaces: A clinical report.

The excessive occlusal wear of complete-arch implant-supported prostheses made with metal and acrylic resin is a clinical complication that can require repeated maintenance in certain patients. A patient who presented with moderate occlusal wear of the prosthetic teeth and substantial fracture of the maxillary anterior acrylic resin base only 2 years after a previous replacement of the acrylic resin base and denture teeth is described. Because of the patient's history and existing wear, both the maxillary and mandibular prostheses were repaired by replacing the acrylic resin bases and resin denture teeth but with the addition of cast gold occlusal surfaces on the posterior prosthetic teeth.

Does the Stomatognathic System Adapt to Changes in Occlusion? Best Evidence Consensus Statement.

Purpose: The purpose of this Best Evidence Consensus Statement was to evaluate the existing literature on the stomatognathic system's ability to adapt to occlusal changes.

Materials And Methods: The search term stomatognathic system was not useful as it resulted in over 400,000 results nor was the search term temporomandibular joint adaptation with 738 results due to the large number of references not related to the topic. The terms stomatognathic system adaptation to occlusal changes (186 results), teeth flexion (139 results), muscle adaptation to dental occlusion (278 results), and occlusal changes and neuroplasticity (11 results) provided the best selection of articles related to the topic.

Bruxism: Best Evidence Consensus Statement.

Purpose: The purpose of this Best Evidence Consensus Statement is to report on the prevalence, potential causes or association, treatment and cure of bruxism.

Materials And Methods: A literature search limited to Clinical Trials, Randomized Controlled Trials, Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses, with the key words bruxism, and prevalence identified 22 references, bruxism and causation 21, bruxism, and treatment 117, and bruxism and cure none.

Results: Prevalence received 5 references which were relevant to the question researched.

An Educational Experiment Resulting from COVID-19: The Use of At-Home Waxing and Webinars for Teaching a 3-Week Intensive Course in Tooth Morphology to First Year Dental Students.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of presenting a 3-week intensive course in tooth morphology to first year dental students using "at-home" waxing projects and webinars.

Materials And Methods: Students were provided with the instrumentation and materials required to complete 5 waxing projects at home during the 3-week course. In the same time period, the didactic content was presented via 11 webinar sessions.

Should Digital Complete Dentures Be Part of A Contemporary Prosthodontic Education?

Digital complete dentures should be incorporated into a contemporary dental school education due to factors that include the substantial increase in the number of scientific publications devoted to digital dentures, the increased number of companies producing these prostheses, and the expanded use by practitioners. These factors increased recently due to multiple advantages of digital dentures that are described. Based on positive clinical experiences with such prostheses, preclinical curriculum changes were made with examples presented of both didactic and laboratory courses that now include digital dentures.

CAD/CAM Complete Denture Systems and Physical Properties: A Review of the Literature.

Purpose: CAD/CAM complete dentures have increased in popularity and a wide variety of systems are currently available. These prostheses present many advantages for clinicians, technicians and patients. Subtractive manufacturing is used by most of the available systems while a few manufacturers use an additive manufacturing technique.

Evolution of the Temperament Theory and Mental Attitude in Complete Denture Prosthodontics: From Hippocrates to M.M. House.

Some 2,500 years ago Hippocrates developed the "Temperament Theory" of the four humors (fluids) he identified as blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile which then led to the ancient medical concept known as "humorism." In Greco-Roman medicine, these humors were believed to be the influencers of an individual's relative wellness or ill-health, served as a means to classify illnesses, and subsequently guided medical diagnosis and treatment. Centuries later modifications to Hippocrates' hypothesis were suggested for use in dentistry when selecting denture teeth and later as a means to classify the mental status and personality of complete denture patients.

Abutment screw torque changes with straight and angled screw-access channels.

Statement Of Problem: Angle-correcting options allow the use of screw-retained implant prostheses in situations where an implant has been placed with a facial inclination. However, manufacturers have different recommended torque values, and it is unclear whether the performance of these designs is equivalent to that of the traditional screw-retained crowns (SRCs) when subjected to cyclic loading forces.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare torque differences between conventional straight-line screw access and angulated access SRCs before and after simulated functional loading.