Pediatr Infect Dis J
November 2004
Background: In the United States in the 1990s, the incidence of reported pertussis in adults, adolescents and infants increased; infants younger than 1 year of age had the highest reported incidence.
Methods: In 4 states with Enhanced Pertussis Surveillance, we examined the epidemiology of reported pertussis cases to determine the source of pertussis among infants. A source was defined as a person with an acute cough illness who had contact with the case-infant 7-20 days before the infant's onset of cough.
In our investigation of a varicella outbreak among students in preschool, kindergarten, and grades 1-3 in Winnebago County, Illinois, we found an overall varicella vaccine efficacy of 88%, evidence that the circulating virus was a wild-type strain (as determined by polymerase chain reaction analysis), and evidence that vaccination of children =15 months of age was associated with an increased risk for breakthrough varicella (relative risk, 3.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-13.
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