Temporal registration: a new approach to manage the incomplete recovery of the longitudinal magnetization in the Modified Look-Locker Inversion Recovery sequence (MOLLI) for T1 mapping of the heart.

Purpose: To correct with post-processing effects of incomplete recovery of the longitudinal magnetization before a new inversion pulse in the Modified Look-Locker Inversion recovery sequence (MOLLI) sequence.

Theory And Methods: We model such effects as a temporal shift ([Formula: see text]) of the signal of the Look-Locker block following next inversion pulses. After using the following equation [Formula: see text], a temporal registration of [Formula: see text] is applied to the signal of the affected block to adjust the sampling time of the recovery signal and correct the underlying effect on quantitative T1.

Imaging Response of Antiangiogenic and Immune-Oncology Drugs in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC): Current Status and Future Challenges.

This report aims to review criteria which have been proposed for treatment evaluation in mRCC under anti-angiogenic and immune-oncologic therapies and discuss future challenges for imagers. RECIST criteria seem to only partially reflect the clinical benefit derived from anti-angiogenic drugs in mRCC. New methods of analysis propose to better evaluate response to these drugs, including a new threshold for size criteria (-10%), attenuation (Choi and modified Choi criteria), functional imaging techniques (perfusion CT, ultrasound or MRI), and new PET radiotracers.

Endoscopic Management of Post-bariatric Surgery Fistula: a Tertiary Care Center Experience.

Background And Study Aims: Post-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) fistula is a major complication, responsible for high morbidity. Endoscopic treatment represents an alternative to surgical management, with variable approaches and success rates. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic treatment in a tertiary care center.

Diagnosis and Management of a Cryptoglandular Actinomycotic Fistula-in-Ano: An Update on 7 New Cases and a Review of the Literature.

Purpose: Primary anal actinomycosis of cryptoglandular origin, a rare cause of anal suppurative disease, requires specific management to be cured. The aims of this retrospective study were to describe clinical, morphological, and microbiological features of this entity and to evaluate management practices for new cases observed since 2001.

Methods: This was a retrospective case series conducted at the Diaconesses-Croix Saint-Simon Hospital in Paris.

Assessment of Placental Perfusion in the Preeclampsia L-NAME Rat Model with High-Field Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI.

Purpose: To evaluate placental function and perfusion in a rat model of preeclampsia infused with L-nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI using gadolinium chelates.

Methods: Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were fitted on embryonic day 16 (E16) with subcutaneous osmotic minipumps loaded to deliver, continuously, L-NAME (50 mg/day per rat; case group) or saline solution (control group). DCE MRI was performed on E19 using gadolinium chelates and a 4.

Designing 3D Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheets Merging Magnetic and Fluorescent Features: When Cell Sheet Technology Meets Image-Guided Cell Therapy.

Cell sheet technology opens new perspectives in tissue regeneration therapy by providing readily implantable, scaffold-free 3D tissue constructs. Many studies have focused on the therapeutic effects of cell sheet implantation while relatively little attention has concerned the fate of the implanted cells in vivo. The aim of the present study was to track longitudinally the cells implanted in the cell sheets in vivo in target tissues.

New dynamic three-dimensional MRI technique for shoulder kinematic analysis.

Purpose: To establish a new imaging technique using dynamic MRI three-dimensional (3D) volumetric acquisition in real-time, on six normal shoulders for the analysis of the 3D shoulder kinematics during continuous motion.

Materials And Methods: At first, a standard static acquisition was performed. Then, fast images were obtained with a multi-slice 3D balanced gradient echo sequence to get a real time series during the initial phase of shoulder abduction.

Fetoplacental oxygenation in an intrauterine growth restriction rat model by using blood oxygen level-dependent MR imaging at 4.7 T.

Purpose: To investigate blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in an intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) rat model as a noninvasive in vivo tool to evaluate the response of the fetoplacental units (FPUs) to oxygenation

Materials And Methods: All procedures were approved by the animal care committee. The study was performed between February and July 2010. The IUGR model based on the ligation of the left uterine vascular pedicle at embryonic day 17 of gestation was validated by weighing placentas and fetuses after MR imaging.

Measurement of placental perfusion by dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI at 4.7 T.

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to develop quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) at 4.7 T for perfusion measurement and to evaluate the ability of this technique to distinguish between low and normal levels of placental perfusion in a controlled rat model.

Materials And Methods: This study was approved by the animal care committee.

Diffusion-weighted imaging for evaluation of uterine arterial embolization of fibroids.

Purpose: To determine whether diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) characteristics could predict the effectiveness of uterine arterial embolization in treatment of fibroids.

Methods: This retrospective study included 17 women (27 fibroids) who underwent uterine arterial embolization for fibroids. MR imaging (1.

Use of intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging to assess placental perfusion in a murine model of placental insufficiency.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the potential of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging at 4.7 T to distinguish decreased placental perfusion from normal perfusion in a controlled murine model and to determine the effect of transient maternal hyperoxygenation on placental microvascularization.

Materials And Methods: The study was approved by our animal care committee.

Double pancreatic and gastric adenocarcinomas: a rare association.

Synchronous gastric and pancreatic cancers represent a very rare association. The role of tomodensitometry, endoscopic ultrasound and histology is primordial to differentiate between double tumors, local extension or metastasis. We report in our paper two cases of synchronous gastric and pancreatic cancers treated with Folforinox.

Optimisation of the tumour response threshold in patients treated with everolimus for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: analysis of response and progression-free survival in the RECORD-1 study.

Background And Objectives: Objective response as determined by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) is low among patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with targeted agents, despite significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS). A modified response threshold may be more clinically meaningful than RECIST for identifying patients who may derive a PFS benefit from targeted therapy.

Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of data from the phase III RECORD-1 trial of everolimus versus placebo in patients with mRCC who had failed sunitinib or sorafenib (ClinicalTrials.

Quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging analysis of complex adnexal masses: a preliminary study.

Objective: To evaluate the ability of quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to differentiate malignant from benign adnexal tumours.

Methods: Fifty-six women with 38 malignant and 18 benign tumours underwent MR imaging before surgery for complex adnexal masses. Microvascular parameters were extracted from high temporal resolution DCE-MRI series, using a pharmacokinetic model in the solid tissue of adnexal tumours.

Evaluation of an edge-based registration method: application to magnetic resonance first-pass myocardial perfusion data.

Purpose: Quantification of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) myocardial perfusion remains time consuming since it requires manual interventions to compensate for motion. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate a semiautomated registration method.

Materials And Methods: A rigid edge-based registration algorithm was applied on 10 patients who had rest and stress CMR acquisitions on three slice levels (apical, midventricular and basal slices).

Characterization of complex adnexal masses: value of adding perfusion- and diffusion-weighted MR imaging to conventional MR imaging.

Purpose: To retrospectively determine the value of adding perfusion-weighted (PW) and diffusion-weighted (DW) sequences to a conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging protocol to differentiate benign from malignant tumors.

Materials And Methods: The institutional ethics committee approved this retrospective study and waived the requirement to obtain informed consent. MR images in 87 women (age range, 25-87 years) who underwent imaging before surgery for complex adnexal masses-excluding endometriomas and cystic teratomas-were analyzed.

Maternofetal pharmacokinetics of a gadolinium chelate contrast agent in mice.

Purpose: To determine the maternofetal pharmacokinetics of gadoterate meglumine in mice during the first 48 hours following maternal intravenous injection of a high dose of 0.5 mmol of gadolinium per kilogram.

Materials And Methods: All the studies complied with French law and the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health.

Metastatic renal carcinoma: evaluation of antiangiogenic therapy with dynamic contrast-enhanced CT.

Purpose: To determine whether tumor perfusion parameters assessed by using dynamic contrast material-enhanced computed tomography (CT) could help predict and detect response in patients receiving antiangiogenic therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: Institutional ethics committee approval and informed consent were obtained. In two phase-III trials involving 51 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (38 men, 13 women; age range, 30-80 years) receiving antiangiogenic drugs (sorafenib [n = 10], sunitinib [n = 22]), a placebo (n = 12), or interferon alfa (n = 7), serial dynamic contrast-enhanced CT was performed, during 90 seconds before and after injection of 80 mL of iobitridol.

Multiple myeloma treatment response assessment with whole-body dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging.

Purpose: To compare posttreatment bone marrow changes at whole-body dynamic contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with clinical response in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and to determine if this technique can be used to assess treatment response in patients with MM.

Materials And Methods: This study was approved by an institutional review board; all patients gave informed written consent. Thirty patients (21 men, nine women; mean age, 58 years +/- 10 [standard deviation]) underwent whole-body dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging before treatment, after induction chemotherapy (n = 30), and after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) (n = 20).

A classifying registration technique for the estimation of enhancement curves of DCE-CT scan sequences.

In this paper, we propose a new technique for the estimation of contrast enhancement curves of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced sequences, which takes the most from the interdependence between this estimation problem and the registration problem raised by possible movements occurring in sequences. The technique solves the estimation and registration problems simultaneously in an iterative way. However, unlike previous techniques, a pixel classification scheme is included within the estimation so as to compute enhancement curves on pixel classes instead of single pixels.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging to assess physiologic variations of myometrial perfusion.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the ability of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to assess physiological microvascular states in normal myometrium.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-five women (62 women of reproductive age, 23 postmenopausal) undergoing DCE-MRI of the pelvis were included. Microvascular parameters for the inner and outer myometrium were analysed using a pharmacokinetic model.

New perspectives on bone marrow contrast agents and molecular imaging.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of bone marrow provides a noninvasive diagnosis of the vascularity, cell quantity, and composition of the normal and pathological bone marrow. This article reviews new and evolving techniques for bone marrow MR imaging with a special focus on translational and clinical applications. Evaluations of bone marrow perfusion with standard small molecular contrast agents and, more recently, with macromolecular contrast agents are currently being applied for therapy monitoring.

Contribution of diffusion-weighted MR imaging for predicting benignity of complex adnexal masses.

The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess the contribution of diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) for characterizing complex adnexal masses. Seventy-seven women (22-87 years old) with complex adnexal masses (30 benign and 47 malignant) underwent MR imaging including DWI before surgery. Conventional morphological MR imaging criteria were recorded in addition to b(1,000) signal intensity and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements of cystic and solid components.

Mapping the zonal organization of tumor perfusion and permeability in a rat glioma model by using dynamic contrast-enhanced synchrotron radiation CT.

Purpose: To depict and analyze in vivo the tumor zone organization of C6 gliomas depicted on quantitative parametric maps obtained with dynamic contrast material-enhanced synchrotron radiation computed tomography (CT) in a tightly controlled data-processing protocol.

Materials And Methods: Animal use was compliant with official French guidelines and was assessed by the local Internal Evaluation Committee for Animal Welfare and Rights. Fifteen Wistar rats with orthotopically implanted gliomas were studied at monochromatic synchrotron radiation CT after receiving a bolus injection of contrast material.