GRANULAR HYPERREFLECTIVE SPECKS BY SPECTRAL DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AS SIGNS OF WEST NILE VIRUS INFECTION: THE STARDUST SIGN.

Purpose: To report the retinal findings and evolution of a visually symptomatic case of West Nile virus meningoencephalitis.

Methods: Case report. Main outcome measures include serologic testing for West Nile virus as well as longitudinal funduscopic examination, fluorescein angiography, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

ENDOPHTHALMITIS AFTER INTRAVITREAL INJECTION: Role of Prophylactic Topical Ophthalmic Antibiotics.

Purpose: To determine the rate of postintravitreal injection endophthalmitis and to assess microbiological features and outcomes with and without the use of peri-intravitreal injection topical ophthalmic antibiotics.

Methods: Consecutive series of endophthalmitis cases retrospectively identified after intravitreal injection at a multicenter, retina-only referral practice (Retina Consultants of Houston) from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2014. Prophylactic peri-intravitreal injection topical antibiotics were routinely used during the initial 12-month period (January 1, 2011-December 31, 2011) and not used in the final 24-month period (January 1, 2013-December 31, 2014).

CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION SECONDARY TO ALEXANDRITE LASER EXPOSURE.

Purpose: To report macular photic trauma after accidental occupational exposure to a 750-nm Alexandrite laser and management of secondary choroidal neovascularization.

Methods: Institutional review board-approved retrospective case report.

Results: A 30-year-old woman presented with immediate vision loss in her left eye after direct inadvertent exposure to a single discharge from an occupational 750-nm Alexandrite laser used for laser hair removal.

Aflibercept for pigment epithelial detachment for previously treated neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Objective: Assess the efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept on pigment epithelial detachments (PED) associated with previously treated patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Retrospective study.

Participants: Sixty eyes.

Prospective Trial of Treat-and-Extend versus Monthly Dosing for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: TREX-AMD 1-Year Results.

Purpose: To assess prospectively a treat-and-extend (TREX) management strategy compared with monthly dosing of intravitreal ranibizumab in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients.

Design: Phase IIIb, multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Participants: Sixty patients with treatment-naïve neovascular AMD randomized 1:2 to monthly or TREX management.

Exogenous fungal endophthalmitis: an analysis of isolates and susceptibilities to antifungal agents over a 20-year period (1990-2010).

Purpose: To describe the isolates and susceptibilities to antifungal agents for patients with culture-proven exogenous fungal endophthalmitis.

Design: Noncomparative case series.

Methods: The clinical records of all patients treated for culture-proven exogenous fungal endophthalmitis at a university referral center from 1990 to 2010 were reviewed.

Progressive retinal nonperfusion in ischemic central retinal vein occlusion.

Background: Serial wide-field fluorescein angiography was performed on eyes with preproliferative (ischemic) central retinal vein occlusion to evaluate retinal perfusion.

Methods: Serial wide-field fluorescein angiography was performed on 12 preproliferative central retinal vein occlusion eyes in the 3-year Rubeosis Anti-VEGF (RAVE) trial using the Staurenghi lens (Ocular Staurenghi 230SLO Retina Lens) with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (Heidelberg HRA Spectralis). "Disk area" was defined anatomically for each eye.

Monthly versus as-needed ranibizumab injections in patients with retinal vein occlusion: the SHORE study.

Objective: To compare pro re nata (PRN) and monthly injections of 0.5 mg ranibizumab in retinal vein occlusion (RVO) patients stabilized by monthly injections.

Design: Randomized, open-label, vision-examiner masked, 15-month study.

Precise montaging and metric quantification of retinal surface area from ultra-widefield fundus photography and fluorescein angiography.

Background And Objective: Accurate quantification of retinal surface area from ultra-widefield (UWF) images is challenging due to warping produced when the retina is projected onto a two-dimensional plane for analysis. By accounting for this, the authors sought to precisely montage and accurately quantify retinal surface area in square millimeters.

Patients And Methods: Montages were created using Optos 200Tx (Optos, Dunfermline, U.

Ranibizumab in preproliferative (ischemic) central retinal vein occlusion: the rubeosis anti-VEGF (RAVE) trial.

Purpose: To analyze the efficacy and safety of ranibizumab in eyes with preproliferative (ischemic) central retinal vein occlusion.

Methods: In this prospective, phase I/II, open-label clinical trial, eyes at high risk of neovascular complications were identified; all eyes met ≥ 3 of 4 high-risk criteria: 1) the best-corrected visual acuity being ≤ 20/200, 2) loss of the 1-2e isopter on Goldmann visual field, 3) relative afferent pupillary defect being ≥ 0.9 log units, and 4) electroretinogram B-wave reduction to ≤ 60% of the corresponding A-wave.

Neutralization of vascular endothelial growth factor slows progression of retinal nonperfusion in patients with diabetic macular edema.

Objective: To determine the effect of suppression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by monthly injection of ranibizumab on posterior retinal nonperfusion (RNP) in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Design: Unplanned retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from 2 randomized, sham injection-controlled, double-masked, multicenter clinical trials.

Participants: Six hundred sixty-six patients with DME.

Aflibercept treatment for patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration who were incomplete responders to multiple ranibizumab injections (TURF trial).

Aim: To determine the efficacy of 2.0 mg aflibercept in the management of patients with recalcitrant exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: In this prospective, open-label, single-arm clinical trial, patients were seen monthly and given mandatory 2.

Comparison of spectral-domain and time-domain optical coherence tomography in the detection of neovascular age-related macular degeneration activity.

Purpose: To compare the sensitivity of commonly used time-domain (TD-OCT) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography platforms and scanning modalities in the management of neovascular age-related macular degeneration in a population with a high prevalence of exudative disease activity.

Methods: Fifty consecutive patients within the prospective SAVE (Super-dose Anti-Vascular Endothelial growth factor) trial, which analyzed the utility of 2.0 mg intravitreal ranibizumab for the treatment of recalcitrant neovascular age-related macular degeneration, were enrolled in a comparison trial of 3 different optical coherence tomography (OCT) platforms.

Purtscher-like retinopathy associated with pemphigus vulgaris.

Purpose: To report a case of Purtscher-like retinopathy associated with pemphigus vulgaris.

Method: Case report of a 25-year-old Hispanic male who was referred for sudden and severe reduction of vision from his right eye shortly after an exacerbation of pemphigus vulgaris.

Results: Fundus examination of the right eye revealed severe macular edema, nerve fiber layer infarcts, flame-shaped hemorrhages, and venous dilation.

SAVE (Super-dose anti-VEGF) trial: 2.0 mg ranibizumab for recalcitrant neovascular age-related macular degeneration: 1-year results.

Objectives: To assess durability of visual and anatomic gains with 2.0 mg ranibizumab in recalcitrant neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: Phase I-II trial of 88 patients with recalcitrant neovascular AMD treated as needed every 4 (cohort A) or 6 weeks (cohort B) following three monthly doses.

Lasers for the treatment of intraocular tumors.

Lasers are used extensively in ophthalmology for a variety of conditions, including many choroidal and retinal tumors. With technologic advances, current therapy attempts not only to maximize survival with globe-salvaging treatment, but also to preserve vision. Each neoplasm has different indications for primary and adjuvant therapy, as well as differing laser treatment protocols.

Laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity.

Retinal development involves a complex coordination of events that may be affected by premature delivery, leading to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a potential blinding childhood disease. The avascular retina drives further disease progression, with laser ablation reducing unfavorable anatomic outcomes as well as maintaining visual acuity. Trials have stressed the importance of early identification and treatment of threshold and high-risk prethreshold disease to improve outcomes.