Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Are Protected From Immunolysis by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Through Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase.

B7 family proteins serve as checkpoint molecules that protect tumors from T cell mediated lysis. Tryptophan degrading enzymes indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3 dioxygenase (TDO) also induce T cell immune tolerance. However, little is known about the relative contribution of B7 molecules, tryptophan degrading enzymes, as well as the impact of tumor and stromal cell interactions to the development of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.

Ruxolitinib Inhibits IFNγ Licensing of Human Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.

Ruxolitinib is a JAK2/JAK1 inhibitor that blocks the inflammatory JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Ruxolitinib has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of steroid-resistant acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Ruxolitinib's effect on inflammatory cells of hematopoietic origin is known.

Odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM) inhibits growth and migration of human melanoma cells and elicits PTEN elevation and inactivation of PI3K/AKT signaling.

Background: The Odontogenic Ameloblast-associated Protein (ODAM) is expressed in a wide range of normal epithelial, and neoplastic tissues, and we have posited that ODAM serves as a novel prognostic biomarker for breast cancer and melanoma. Transfection of ODAM into breast cancer cells yields suppression of cellular growth, motility, and in vivo tumorigenicity. Herein we have extended these studies to the effects of ODAM on cultured melanoma cell lines.

ODAM Expression Inhibits Human Breast Cancer Tumorigenesis.

We have posited that Odontogenic Ameloblast Associated Protein (ODAM) serves as a novel prognostic biomarker in breast cancer and now have investigated its potential role in regulating tumor growth and metastasis. Human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with a recombinant ODAM plasmid construct (or, as a control, the plasmid vector alone). ODAM expression increased adhesion and apoptosis of the transfected MDA-MB-231 cells and suppressed their growth rate, migratory activity, and capability to invade extracellular matrix-coated membranes.

Percutaneous correction (humeroplasty) of humeral head defects (Hill-Sachs) associated with anterior shoulder instability: a cadaveric study.

Purpose: The goal of our study was to determine whether a bone tamp could be used to correct a Hill-Sachs lesion by a unique technique that we developed termed "humeroplasty."

Type Of Study: In vitro cadaveric study.

Methods: We created reproducible Hill-Sachs lesions in 14 cadaveric humerii, which we then reduced with a curved bone tamp using our proposed technique.

Association of breast cancer and immune thrombocytopenic purpura.

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and breast cancer are common disorders. Only six cases in which patients have had both diseases have been reported. We describe a 40-year-old woman who had ITP while responding to therapy for metastatic breast cancer.