Grandiose narcissists and decision making: Impulsive, overconfident, and skeptical of experts-but seldom in doubt.

A substantial body of research has documented that grandiose narcissists are characterized by high self-esteem, a sense of personal superiority and entitlement, overconfidence, a willingness to exploit others for self-gain, and hostility and aggression when challenged. We report two studies ( = 452) that explore how these dispositions affect their decision making. We show that grandiose narcissists' overconfidence, impulsivity, and a willingness to ignore expert advice results in a higher likelihood of making a bad decision.

Implementing strategic change in a health care system: the importance of leadership and change readiness.

Background: Shifts in the environment can compel health care organizations to change their strategies. However strategic change frequently fails because individuals do not adopt the behaviors necessary to successfully implement the new strategy.

Purpose: This study explores how three variables-agreement with new strategy, leaders' actions, and groups' general orientation toward change-can influence members of physician teams to take actions supporting a strategic shift aimed at improving patient satisfaction.

The ambidextrous organization.

Corporate executives must constantly look backward, attending to the products and processes of the past, while also gazing forward, preparing for the innovations that will define the future. This mental balancing act is one of the toughest of all managerial challenges--it requires executives to explore new opportunities even as they work diligently to exploit existing capabilities--and it's no surprise that few companies do it well. But as every businessperson knows, there are companies that do.