The Effect of Probiotic Supplements on Metabolic Parameters of People with Type 2 Diabetes in Greece-A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

The role of probiotic supplementation in type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatment is controversial. The present study aimed to assess the effects of a multi-strain probiotic supplement (LactoLevure (containing , , , and )) over 6 months, primarily on glycemic control as well as on lipid levels and alterations in the gut microbiome, among individuals with T2D residing in Greece. A total of 91 adults with T2D (mean age [±SD] 65.

The Role of Nutrients and Diet Characteristics in the Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Systematic Review.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are common complications of diabetes mellitus that affect patients' quality of life and pose a burden on the healthcare system. Although malnutrition and specific nutritional deficiencies can seriously impact wound healing in patients with chronic nonhealing wounds, the role of nutrition in the prevention and management of DFUs is still not clear. This review discusses the significance of frequent diet assessment and nutritional education of patients with DFUs with individualized correction of deficiencies and emphasis on adequate protein intake along with correction of vitamins D, C, E, and selenium status.

Effect of Long-Term Hydroxytyrosol Administration on Body Weight, Fat Mass and Urine Metabolomics: A Randomized Double-Blind Prospective Human Study.

Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a natural antioxidant found in olive products and characterized by well-documented beneficial effects on human health. Several research studies are ongoing that aim to investigate its potency and molecular mechanism of action. The present study aimed to investigate the potential effect of HT on human obesity through a randomized double-blind prospective design.

Novel trends and concepts in the nutritional management of glycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus-beyond dietary patterns: a narrative review.

A variety of eating patterns are recommended by international guidelines to help people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) achieve general health and glycemia goals. Apart from eating patterns, there is evidence that other approaches related to the everyday application of dietary advice, such as meal frequency, breakfast consumption, daily carbohydrate distribution, and order of food consumption during meals, have significant effects on glycemia management. The aims of this review were to examine published diabetes nutrition guidelines concerning specific recommendations with regard to the above approaches, as well as to review evidence from studies that have investigated their effect on glycemia in T2DM.

The beneficial short-term effects of a high-protein/low-carbohydrate diet on glycaemic control assessed by continuous glucose monitoring in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Aim: To compare the effects of three different but isocaloric dietary patterns, high-protein/low-carbohydrate (HPD) with 20% of calories as carbohydrates, Mediterranean/low glycaemic index (MED) with 40% carbohydrates, and a reference diet (REF) with 50% carbohydrates, in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Materials And Methods: In a randomized crossover study, 15 patients with T1D were assigned to the three dietary patterns for three separate weeks, with 7-day washout periods in between. Continuous glucose monitoring was applied during the intervention periods.

Evaluation of Vitamin D Levels in Patients With Diabetic Foot Ulcers.

Low vitamin D levels have been associated with several diseases as its receptors are expressed in almost all tissues of the human body. Literature data have shown delayed diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) healing in patients with low vitamin D; however, data on the association between vitamin D levels and DFU in Mediterranean countries are scarce. In this cross-sectional study we examined for differences in serum vitamin D levels between patients with DFU, people with diabetes mellitus (DM) without DFU and healthy individuals in a Southern European country.

Carbohydrate restriction in the morning increases weight loss effect of a hypocaloric Mediterranean type diet: a randomized, parallel group dietary intervention in overweight and obese subjects.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of carbohydrate restriction in the morning in the framework of a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet on weight loss and metabolic parameters.

Methods: Seventy overweight/obese individuals were randomized to two hypocaloric dietary regimens: one Mediterranean diet (Med-D) and one morning carbohydrate-restriction diet (MCR-D). Participants assigned to the MCR-D were permitted to consume a breakfast low in carbohydrate content, whereas typical Mediterranean morning meals were allowed in the Med-D group.

Pythagorean self-awareness intervention: A novel cognitive stress management technique for body weight control.

Background: Over the past decades, the prevalence of obesity has markedly increased worldwide. Stress is recognized as a substantial contributor to increased body weight; therefore, stress management interventions, especially cognitive behavioural, are becoming increasingly popular. The impact of stress management on stress- and obesity-related biomarkers (eg blood lipid profile, HBA1c, inflammatory biomarkers, such as CRP) has been scarcely studied.

Diet, life-style and cardiovascular morbidity in the rural, free living population of Elafonisos island.

Background: There are about 70 small islands in the Aegean and Ionian Sea, of less than 300 Km and 5000 inhabitants each, comprising a total population of more than 75,000 individuals with geographical and socioeconomic characteristics of special interest. The objective of the present study was to assess lifestyle characteristics and the state of cardiovascular risk of the population of a small Eastern Mediterranean island, Elafonisos.

Methods: PERSEAS (Prospective Evaluation of cardiovascular Risk Surrogates in Elafonisos Area Study) is an ongoing, population-based, longitudinal survey of cardiovascular risk factors, life-style characteristics and related morbidity/mortality performed in a small and relatively isolated island of the Aegean Sea, named Elafonisos.

The effect of a non-intensive community-based lifestyle intervention on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The DEPLAN study in Greece.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a non-intensive, community-based, lifestyle intervention program on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), in individuals at high risk for development of type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Design: In accordance with the FINDRISC score, 191 high-risk persons for T2D, 56.3±10.

The association between physical activity and the development of acute coronary syndromes in diabetic subjects (the CARDIO2000 II study).

Background: The prevalence of type-2 diabetes is increasing dramatically, primarily being driven by environmental factors, like dietary and exercise habits. In this study we investigated the association of physical activity and acute coronary events in diabetic patients, an issue that has not been adequately studied so far.

Design: Cross-sectional, case-control study.