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Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is responsible for the increased cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. Few studies have focused on MS in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Aim: To describe the clinical, biochemical and therapeutic characteristics of T1DM patients affected by MS.

Diagnosis and management of pituitary apoplexy: a Tunisian data.

Background: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is defined as the hemorrhage or the infraction of a pituitary adenoma. Aiming to determine the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical characteristics as well as management and outcomes of PA in our population, we conducted this cross-sectional study.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Endocrinology of Hedi chaker university hospital, Sfax.

Insulinoma with equivocal imaging.

Summary: A 55-year-old patient was admitted to our department for the management of a repetitive alteration of consciousness. Biological investigation results were consistent with endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. Insulinoma was therefore suspected.

Characteristics of adult-onset auto-immune type 1 diabetes.

Background: Classically described as a disease of childhood and adolescence, diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) can occur in adulthood. Adult-onset T1DM is poorly documented and is often misdiagnosed. This study aims to describe the epidemiological aspect of T1DM with adult-onset and detail its clinical, paraclinical, and therapeutic characteristics.

Cardiothyreosis: Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic approach.

Introduction: Cardiothyreosis corresponds to the cellular effects of free thyroid hormones on the vascular wall and the myocardium. We aim to describe the clinical, para-clinical and therapeutic aspects of cardiothyreosis and to detail prognostic factors.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive retrospective study at the Endocrinology-Diabetology Department of the Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax-Tunisia.

Analysis of Gene in a Cohort of Tunisian Patients with Congenital Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency.

Background: Non-syndromic combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) occurs due to defects in transcription factors that govern early pituitary development and the specification of hormone-producing cells. The most common mutations are in the Prophet of Pit-1 (ProP1) gene. This work aims to (1) report findings of genetic analyses of Tunisian patients with non-syndromic CPHD and (2) describe their phenotype patterns and their evolution through life.

Pheochromocytoma of the prostate: An unusual location.

Ectopic pheochromocytomas, also called paragangliomas, are defined as catecholamine -secreting tumors, which develop outside the adrenal medulla. Pheochromocytomas of the urinary tract represent less than 1% of all paragangliomas and are most commonly located in the bladder. Nevertheless, prostatic pheochromocytoma is an extremely rare clinical entity and only a few cases have been reported in the medical literature.

Suprasellar Melanocytoma with Leptomeningeal Seeding: An Aggressive Clinical Course for a Histologically Benign Tumor.

Introduction: Meningeal melanocytoma (MM) is a very rare neuroectodermal neoplasm arising from the leptomeninges. Primary suprasellar melanocytomas are exceedingly rare, with only a handful of cases reported. The systemic spread of a nontransformed meningeal melanocytoma is an unusual occurrence.

A Rare Cause of Refractory Chronic Diarrhea and Cachexia: A Case Report.

VIPoma is an unusual neuroendocrine neoplasm that autonomously secretes VIP. It is associated with secretory diarrhea and electrolyte disturbances. Herein we report a case of a male patient, who was hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology in Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia.

Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor (Not Otherwise Specified): A Case Report of Ovarian Hyperandrogenism.

Steroid cell tumors (SCTs) (not otherwise specified (NOS)) are rare sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary. These are associated with hormonal disturbances resulting in menstrual bleeding patterns and androgenic effects. We report the case of a 36-year-old female presented with hirsutism, signs of virilization, and elevated androgen levels.

Successful Treatment of Insulin Allergy with Desensitization Therapy: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Insulin therapy is an essential treatment for type 1 and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Hypersensitivity reactions have been described since the first administration of insulin, the same as any other therapy. Despite being a rare situation nowadays, it requires careful intra-hospital monitoring and multidisciplinary management.

[Insulinoma associated with adrenocorticotropic insufficiency and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism: a case study].

Pancreatic insulinoma is a rare, often benign, neuroendocrine tumor which may give rise to life-threatening consequences due to hypoglycemia-related accidents. Adrenal deficiency can also cause hypoglycemia. We report the case of a 68-year old patient hospitalized for recurrent hypoglycaemia.

Homozygous pArg610del Mutation Unusually Associated With Severe Delay of Growth in 2 Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency-affected Sibs.

Background: Typically, patients with Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency (ASMD) because of p.Arg610del mutation, have mild phenotype with normal linear growth.

Observation: We reported the case of 2 Tunisian brothers who have been referred for splenomegaly, polyadenopathies, pubertal, and growth delay.

[Cardiovascular and metabolic impact of glucocorticoid substitution therapy in patients with Addison's disease].

Recent studies conducted in patients with Addison's disease (AD) highlighted that this disease, even after treatment, is a significant cause of morbi-mortality. This study aims to determine the cardiovascular and metabolic deleterious impact of long-course glucocorticoid substitution therapy. We conducted a retrospective study of 28 patients with treated Addison's disease evolving for more than 15 years.

Sensitivity to pain in autistic spectrum disorders: Its links with self-gressivity.

Objectives: To investigate the link between pain sensitivity in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and self-aggressive behavior.

Methods: we performed a cross-sectional study which involved 50 children fulfilling DSM-V criteria for ASD; confirmed by the Autism Diagnostic Interview Revised. The severity of autism was determined using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS).

Fahr's syndrome in Southern Tunisia: A broad spectrum of clinical and etiological features.

Aim: We describe the clinical and etiological profile of patients with Fahr's syndrome (FS).

Methods: Charts of sixteen patients diagnosed with FS between 1999 and 2014 were retrospectively assessed.

Results:   The mean age at diagnosis was 44.

Metabolic syndrome and physical activity measured by pedometer among adolescents.

Aim: To describe the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and to study the association of physical activity measured by pedometer with the metabolic syndrome components, in a sample of overweight and obese adolescents from Sfax City.

Methods: This study concerned 51 obese and overweight adolescents (28 girls and 23 boys), between the ages of 15 and 18 years, recruited by the unit of obesity and metabolic syndrome department of endocrinology, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, between december 2012 and october 2013. Metabolic syndrome was defined with the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria.

Potential role of liver enzyme levels as predictive markers of glucose metabolism disorders in a Tunisian population.

The relationship between liver enzymes and T2D risk is inconclusive. We aimed to evaluate the association between liver markers and risk of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, as well as their discriminatory power, for T2D prediction. This cross-sectional study enrolled 216 participants classified as normoglycemic, prediabetic, newly diagnosed diabetics, and diagnosed diabetics.

[Guillain Barré syndrome and diabetic acido-ketotic decompensation during pregnancy: a case report and review of the literature].

A 27-year-old pregnant woman was admitted to the resuscitation department with severe spontaneous acute ketoacidosis as early symptom of type 1 diabetes. The patient underwent resuscitation and insulin treatment with good clinical and biological evolution. On day 4, the patient had polyradiculoneuritis characterised by acute onset.

Whole mitochondrial genome screening of a family with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) associated with retinopathy: A putative haplotype associated to MIDD and a novel MT-CO2 m.8241T>G mutation.

Mitochondrial diseases are a clinically heterogeneous group of disorders that arise as a result of dysfunction of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. They can be caused by mutations in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. In fact, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects are known to be associated with a large spectrum of human diseases and patients might present wide range of clinical features with various combinations.

The Reliability and Concurrent Validity of a Modified Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (IPAQ-A) in Tunisian Overweight and Obese Youths.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the reliability and validity of an Arabic version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (IPAQ-A) modified for use in Tunisia among overweight and obese adolescents.

Subjects And Methods: Fifty-one voluntary healthy, overweight or obese adolescents (15-18 years old) participated in the study. Physical activity (PA) indicators derived from the modified self-administered IPAQ-A were compared with pedometer-recorded data of step counts.

Segregation of S292F TPO gene mutation in three large Tunisian families with thyroid dyshormonogenesis: evidence of a founder effect.

Unlabelled: We aimed to identify causal mutation(s) in 13 patients with thyroid dyshormonogenesis (TD) from three consanguineous Tunisian families. A 12-year clinical follow-up showed phenotypic variability ranging from the presence to the absence of goiter, sensorineural deafness, and mental retardation. Genetic analysis using microsatellite markers within two candidate genes (TPO and PDS) gave evidence of linkage with the TPO gene.