The effects of current dentinal adhesives on the dentinal surface.

The effects of the dentinal surface treatments from six currently available commercial dentinal adhesives are presented. The adhesives are All-Bond 2, etched and unetched, Syntac, Prisma Universal Bond 3, Scotchbond Multipurpose, Tenure Solution, and Adhesive By Choice. Unerupted third molar human teeth were sectioned and treated with the appropriate adhesive according to the manufacturer's directions.

Effect of tamoxifen on lumbar spine bone mineral density in postmenopausal women after 5 years.

Background: Because adjuvant tamoxifen citrate is given to women with early-stage breast cancer for long periods, it is important to know how it affects risk factors for osteoporotic bone fractures, particularly since rates of bone fracture increase rapidly with age in postmenopausal women. In a 2-year randomized placebo-controlled toxicity study in 140 subjects, we demonstrated that tamoxifen was associated with preservation of bone mineral density (BMD), a major risk factor for fractures, in the lumbar spine.

Methods: Five years after entry on this study we reexamined 62 of the original subjects with lumbar spine BMD and serum osteocalcin measurements.

Local control versus dose or overall time: from coefficients to percentages.

When clinical results are analysed to find the treatment variables which affect the outcome, two types of multivariate analysis are done. Firstly, a determination of which variables are important is made: from age, gender, stage, histology, total dose, overall time, etc. Secondly, a quasi-biological model may be set up which includes those variables, e.

Effects of tamoxifen on cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women after 5 years of treatment.

Background: Adjuvant tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer has been given for a period of several years. Cardiovascular diseases increased in incidence rapidly in women older than 60 years. Favorable changes in cardiovascular risk factors have been seen with 2 years of tamoxifen therapy, and lower rates of myocardial infarction and of hospitalization for heart disease have been observed in tamoxifen-treated women.

Stereotactic radiosurgery for glioblastoma multiforme: report of a prospective study evaluating prognostic factors and analyzing long-term survival advantage.

Purpose: Prospective evaluation of the toxicity and efficacy of radiosurgery with external beam radiotherapy in the management of newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Methods And Materials: From 5/89 to 12/92, 31 out of 51 patients with glioblastoma multiforme underwent radiosurgery, in addition to 54 Gy in 1.8 Gy/fraction following biopsy (n = 12) or resection (n = 19).

Shear strength of ceramic brackets bonded to porcelain.

The purpose of this study was to compare the bond strengths of three different adhesive systems when used alone and combined with a porcelain priming agent to bond ceramic brackets to porcelain surfaces. Sixty porcelain specimens were randomly assigned to the six different treatment groups. Half were bonded with the porcelain priming agent and one of the adhesive systems and the other half with one of the adhesive systems alone.

Analysis of clinicopathologic prognostic features in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.

Background: We evaluated the influence of several clinicopathologic variables on 5-year actuarial survival rate after curative resection of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Clinical characteristics were retrieved from the records of all patients who underwent gastric resection for curative intent between 1965 and 1986 at The University of Chicago Medical Center, and follow-up was obtained from our tumor registry. Pathologic characteristics were determined from a detailed review of all available histopathologic slides.

A comparison of the efficacy and complication rates of low dose-rate versus high dose-rate brachytherapy in the treatment of uterine cervical carcinoma.

Purpose: To compare the outcome and complication rates for treatment of uterine cervical carcinoma with low dose-rate (LDR) vs. high dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy at the University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center (UWCCC).

Methods And Materials: One-hundred ninety-eight evaluable patients with cervical carcinoma, Stages IB to IIIB, treated with curative intent with a combination of megavoltage teletherapy and LDR brachytherapy from 1977 to 1988 were the subject of an initial review.

Dentinal tubule anastomosis: a potential factor in adhesive bonding?

This study investigated adhesive tag formation within dentinal tubules and the anastomosing of lateral canals observable with scanning electron microscopy. This mechanism of micromechanical bonding had not been studied previously. The following brands of adhesives were applied to the prepared dentin surface of unerupted human third molars: Scotchbond Multipurpose, C&B Metabond, All-Bond 2, both etched and unetched, Tenure Solution, and XR-Bond.

Shear bond strength and scanning electron microscopic observation of six current dentinal adhesives.

This paper presents shear bond strength data and scanning electron photo micrographs of six dentinal adhesives: All-Bond 2, etched and unetched; Syntac; Prisma Universal Bond 3; Scotchbond Multi-Purpose; Tenure Solution; and Adhesive By Choice. The methods used in tooth treatment and scanning electron microscopic observation were identical to those used in previous studies. This permitted comparisons among a total of 13 dentinal adhesives (seven from previous studies), all treated under the same experimental conditions and all currently available to the practitioner.

The dentinal surface: its influence on dentinal adhesion. Part III.

This final paper in a series of three uses transmission and scanning electron microscopy to compare the category III dentinal adhesive systems--those with shear bond strength values near or exceeding 17 MPa. Contemporary commercial dentinal adhesive systems such as Superbond and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, chosen for their varied chemical pretreatments, are contrasted; a contemporary commercial system (Prisma Universal Bond 3) with characteristics of category I and II dentinal adhesives is also included for comparison. The shear bond strength values attained with most category III systems are high enough to cause cohesive failure of the dentin during bond strength testing.

Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease: report of an occurrence following the administration of irradiated blood.

Patients who are heavily immunosuppressed, such as those undergoing intensive anti-cancer chemotherapy, are at risk for development of accidental engraftment and graft-versus-host disease when they undergo transfusion with cellular blood components, a condition known as transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD). To prevent this complication, it is routine to irradiate such blood components prior to their transfusion, although the minimum irradiation dose required is uncertain. The development of probable TA-GVHD is reported in a 10-year-old child following transfusions of platelets and packed red cells that had been irradiated at a nominal dose of 15 Gy.

Properties of expanding SOC/epoxy copolymers for dental use in dental composites.

The objective of this work was to develop copolymers of alicyclic spiroorthocarbonates (SOCs) and epoxies that would yield hard non-shrinking matrix resins suitable for formulating dental composites. Several reactant ratio combinations of a four-component SOC/epoxy comonomer system were developed that demonstrated a copolymer expansion of between 0.1 and 0.

The Goldilocks dilemma in survey design and its solution.

A dilemma appears in the design of any survey with followups intended to detect the occurrence of an event. Suppose that, at followup, the event of interest can only be determined to have occurred since the previous interview (such is often the case, for example, with onset of dependent behavior in the aged). Then a followup which takes place too soon runs the risk of observing no or very few events, while a followup which is conducted after too long a wait might observe events in nearly every subject, and so be equally uninformative.

Effects of air-powder polishing on the bond strength of orthodontic bracket adhesive systems.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro investigation was to evaluate the effects of air-powder polishing on the shear bond strength of two adhesive systems used for direct orthodontic bracket bonding.

Methods: Ninety-six third molar teeth were randomly assigned to be bonded with metal brackets using either a no-mix (System 1+) or a two-paste (Concise) orthodontic adhesive resin. Twelve samples in each test group were air-powder polished for either 0, 15, 30, or 60 seconds.

The relationship between marital breakdown and childbearing in England and Wales.

"The paper uses data on women from the General Household Surveys for 1986-89 [for England and Wales] to form combined multiple decrement tables on the transitions from first marriage through childbearing, divorce and remarriage. It shows that ultimately women who experience one marital breakdown tend to have around the same number of children..

Prostate-specific antigen as a predictor of radiotherapy response and patterns of failure in localized prostate cancer.

Purpose: A study of preradiation and postradiation, serial serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels was performed in patients who had clinically localized prostate cancer. The prognostic value of the PSA in pretreatment evaluation and posttreatment follow-up was assessed.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-three patients who presented with clinically localized prostate cancer and who were treated with external-beam radiation therapy were followed-up for a median of 25 months.

Comparison of the physical properties of two types of polydimethyl siloxane for fabrication of facial prostheses.

The in vitro physical properties of two types of polydimethyl siloxane, MDX 4-4210 and a new material A-2186, were compared. The properties that were investigated in this study were tensile strength, elongation, tear strength, and surface hardness. The properties tested were selected because of their clinical significance for fabricating a facial prosthesis.

The dentinal surface: its influence on dentinal adhesion. 2.

The first paper in this series presented a categorization of dentinal adhesive systems that was organized roughly according to chronology, chemistry, and shear bond strength values. Category I dentinal adhesives demonstrate the lowest shear bond strength values, approximately 5 to 7 MPa. Category II dentinal adhesives, including experimental ferric and aluminum oxalate pretreatments and two commercial products, demonstrate shear bond strength values between 8 and 14 MPa.