Publications by authors named "Chapelle N"
Gastric cancer (GC) is still one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, with a high mortality rate, despite improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. To diminish the GC burden, a modification of the current diagnostic paradigm, and especially endoscopic diagnosis of symptomatic individuals, is necessary. In this review article, we present a broad review and the current knowledge status on serum biomarkers, including pepsinogens, gastrin, Gastropanel, autoantibodies, and novel biomarkers, allowing us to estimate the risk of gastric precancerous conditions (GPC)-atrophic gastritis and gastric intestinal metaplasia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBoth sugars and lipids are important biomolecular building blocks with exceptional conformational flexibility and adaptability to their environment. Glycolipids bring together these two molecular components in the same assembly and combine the complexity of their conformational landscapes. In the present study, we have used selective double resonance vibrational spectroscopy, in combination with a computational approach, to explore the conformational preferences of two glycolipid models (3-0-acyl catechol and guaiacol α-D-glucopyranosides), either fully isolated in the gas phase or controlled interaction with a single water molecule.
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- Patients with autoimmune gastritis (AIG) show higher rates of iron and vitamin B12 deficiencies compared to those with non-autoimmune gastritis (NAIG) and control groups.
- Median vitamin B12 levels are significantly lower in AIG patients (367.5 pg/mL) than in NAIG (445.0 pg/mL) and controls (391.0 pg/mL), with deficiencies found in 13.3% of AIG cases versus only 1.5% and 2.8% in the other groups.
- The study emphasizes the importance of screening and treating these micronutrient deficiencies in AIG patients, as they are at a higher risk for both vitamin B12 (OR:
Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas (GML) are non-Hodgkin lymphomas arising from the marginal zone of the lymphoid tissue of the stomach. They are usually induced by chronic infection with ; however, -negative GML is of increasing incidence. The diagnosis of GML is based on histological examination of gastric biopsies, but the role of upper endoscopy is crucial since it is the first step in the diagnostic process and, with currently available novel endoscopic techniques, may even allow an in vivo diagnosis of GML per se.
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- Recent increases in gastric cancer incidence, especially among young women, are puzzling, with autoimmunity possibly playing a role in this new type of cancer.
- In a study with 355 patients, researchers examined the prevalence of 19 autoantibodies in those with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and found that anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) were more common in autoimmune gastritis (AIG) patients compared to others.
- While ANA positivity was linked to being female, overall findings indicated that common autoantibodies were not significantly more prevalent in CAG patients, suggesting that routine autoantibody testing may hold limited clinical relevance in these cases.
Article Synopsis
- Serum pepsinogen testing is recommended for diagnosing chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), but its effectiveness varies based on the type and extent of gastric atrophy.
- The study analyzed serum samples from 344 patients to evaluate the diagnostic performance of two testing methods: ELISA and CLEIA, focusing on sensitivity, specificity, and the classification of CAG types.
- Results showed high diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing corpus CAG and autoimmune gastritis, indicating pepsinogen levels are effective in differentiating between gastric atrophy causes.
Immunotherapy drugs are transforming the clinical care landscape of major human diseases from cancer, to inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and even aging. In polygenic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), the clinical benefits of immunotherapy have nevertheless remained limited to a subset of patients. Yet the identification of new actionable molecular candidates has remained challenging, and the use of standard of care imaging and/or histological diagnostic assays has failed to stratify potential responders from non-responders to biotherapies already available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The enteric nervous system (ENS) has been suggested to be involved in cancer development and spread. Objective: To analyze the GC cell adhesion to the ENS in a model of co-culture of gastric ENS with GC cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Obesity is a growing global public health problem. More than half the European and North American population is overweight or obese. Colon and rectum cancers are still the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and epidemiological data support an association between obesity and colorectal cancers (CRCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The effectiveness of the Doppler endoscopic probe (DEP) remains unclear in nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB). We thus performed a systematic review characterizing the effectiveness of DEP in patients with NVUGIB addressing this question.
Methods: A literature search was done until July 2021 using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science.
Background: Analysis of serum biomarkers for the assessment of atrophic gastritis (AG), a gastric precancerous lesion, is of growing interest for identification of patients at increased risk of gastric cancer. The aim was to analyze the diagnostic performance of serum pepsinogen testing using another method, chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA), as well as of other new potential biomarkers.
Material And Methods: The sera of patients considered at increased risk of gastric cancer and undergoing upper endoscopy collected in our previous prospective, multicenter study were tested for pepsinogen I (PGI) and II (PGII), interleukin-6 (IL-6), human epididymal protein 4 (HE-4), adiponectin, ferritin and Krebs von den Lungen (KL-6) using the CLEIA.
Background/aims: Primary gastrointestinal follicular lymphomas (PGFL) are very rare. Our aim was to analyze the clinical features, management, and long-term outcomes in a prospective series of patients diagnosed with PGFL.
Methods: All adult patients with PGFL, consecutively enrolled into the multicenter French study between 1990 and 2017, were evaluated and followed up prospectively after undergoing a complete work-up.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of adding upper endoscopy to colonoscopy for patients with a positive fecal immunochemical test, particularly in detecting upper digestive lesions.
- Data was analyzed from 100 patients who had both procedures, revealing a 58% incidence of upper digestive lesions, including infections and precancerous conditions.
- Findings from the upper endoscopy influenced patient management in 44% of cases, suggesting it may be beneficial for screening, but further research is needed to confirm efficacy and cost-effectiveness.
Long-Term Follow-up of Gastric Precancerous Lesions in a Low GC Incidence Area.
Clin Transl Gastroenterol
December 2020
Introduction: Data on the evolution of gastric precancerous lesions (GPL), especially in countries of a Low gastric cancer incidence area are limited. Our objective was to study a long-term evolution of GPL in France.
Methods: All the patients diagnosed with GPL (atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia [IM], and dysplasia) between 2000 and 2015 and fulfilling criteria for evolution assessment (at least 2 endoscopies, minimal follow-up of 6 months, and at least 2 biopsies obtained from the antrum and corpus) were included.
Article Synopsis
- A study aimed to assess the effectiveness of using phone calls to follow up with patients who had been diagnosed with gastric precancerous lesions (GPL) but lost to follow-up, in order to reduce gastric cancer (GC) mortality.
- Out of 535 GPL patients, 134 were contacted, but only 36 underwent the recommended endoscopy after facing several challenges in reaching them, including not being able to make contact or patients declining the procedure.
- The results indicated that most patients showed stability in their GPL conditions, though one patient progressed to gastric cancer, highlighting the importance of follow-up for early intervention.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and lethal malignancies in Western countries. Its development is a multistep process that spans more than 15 years, thereby providing an opportunity for prevention and early detection. The high incidence and mortality rates emphasise the need for prevention and screening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe pharmacotherapeutic management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Expert Opin Pharmacother
February 2021
Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a very common worldwide condition, affecting about 15-20% of the whole population, and representing a major burden for health-care systems. Because of its frequency, health physicians - family doctors as well as specialists - should be aware of the different pharmacotherapeutic approaches in managing GERD, according to disease severity.
Areas Covered: Authors summarize the pharmacological management of GERD in adults, present the different pharmaceutical classes, and review the evidence on efficacy for each treatment according to the most common clinical scenarios: non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (NERD), erosive esophagitis (EE), and proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) refractory GERD.
Background: Analysis of serum biomarkers for the assessment of atrophic gastritis (AG), considered as gastric precancerous lesion, is of growing interest and recommended by current guidelines. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a panel of biomarkers (GastroPanel®) for the detection of AG in France, a country of a low gastric cancer (GC) incidence.
Material And Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study, consecutive patients considered at increased risk of GC and undergoing upper endoscopy with gastric biopsies were included.
Background: Despite its decreasing incidence, gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the leading cancers in the world and an important global healthcare problem due to its overall high prevalence and high mortality rate.
Summary: GC is a consequence of Helicobacter pylori infection in 90% of cases, while in 10% Epstein Barr Virus may be responsible. Moreover, some recent epidemiological data suggest an increasing incidence in some young patients groups possibly due to autoimmunity, and if this tendency is confirmed, it may change the epidemiology of GC in the future.
Article Synopsis
- Surveillance of gastric precancerous lesions (GPL) in France has limited real-life data, leading to an investigation of endoscopic management practices for patients diagnosed with GPL from 2000 to 2015.
- Of 16,764 upper endoscopy patients, 507 (3.2%) were found to have GPL, with intestinal metaplasia (IM) being the most common lesion (79%) and a notable decrease in Helicobacter pylori infection correlated with older age and more severe GPL.
- Only 28% of patients underwent follow-up endoscopies, and the study concluded that better adherence to guidelines could enhance GPL management in clinical practice.
An update on the latest chemical therapies for reflux esophagitis in children.
Expert Opin Pharmacother
February 2019
Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER), and its complicated form gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition in infants and children. As GERD is often considered to cause extra-oesophageal symptoms in children and in the absence of standardized diagnostic and treatment algorithm, many children are inappropriately exposed to empirical anti-reflux treatments, with Acid-Suppressive Medications (ASM); mostly proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).
Areas Covered: The authors summarize the pharmacological management of pediatric GERD and discuss the efficacy of PPIs as randomized controlled trials have failed to demonstrate their clinical efficacy in the pediatric population.
Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection is currently regarded as the method of choice for the resection of superficial tumours. The objective of our study was to evaluate prospectively the efficiency of an endoscopic submucosal dissection training course using live anaesthetised pigs.
Methods: Fourteen novice endoscopists participated in three gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection training courses on anaesthetised pigs.