ZNF689 deficiency promotes intratumor heterogeneity and immunotherapy resistance in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease characterized by remarkable intratumor heterogeneity (ITH), which poses therapeutic challenges. However, the clinical relevance and key determinant of ITH in TNBC are poorly understood. Here, we comprehensively characterized ITH levels using multi-omics data across our center's cohort (n = 260), The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort (n = 134), and four immunotherapy-treated cohorts (n = 109).

Mutations in the DNA polymerase binding pathway affect the immune microenvironment of patients with small-cell lung cancer and enhance the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy.

Background: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by its high malignancy and is associated with a poor prognosis. In the early stages of the disease, platinum-based chemotherapy is the recommended first-line treatment and has demonstrated efficacy. However, SCLC is prone to recurrence and is generally resistant to chemotherapy in its later stages.

Correlation between second and first primary cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of 9 million cancer patients.

Background: Many survivors of a first primary cancer (FPCs) are at risk of developing a second primary cancer (SPC), with effects on patient prognosis. Primary cancers have different frequencies of specific SPC development and the development of SPCs may be closely related to the FPC. The aim of this study was to explore possible correlations between SPCs and FPCs.

Microsatellite instability states serve as predictive biomarkers for tumors chemotherapy sensitivity.

There is an urgent need for markers to predict the efficacy of different chemotherapy drugs. Herein, we examined whether microsatellite instability (MSI) status can predict tumor multidrug sensitivity and explored the underlying mechanisms. We downloaded data from several public databases.

Profiles of immune infiltration in seasonal allergic rhinitis and related genes and pathways.

Background: Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is a chronic inflammatory disease for which the molecular mechanism is unclear.

Methods: Whole blood, CD4 T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and CD4 T cells in nasal mucosa from SAR-related datasets (GSE43497, GSE50223, and GSE49782) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differences in SAR-associated immune cell infiltration in the PBMCs were analyzed using the CIBERSORT algorithm.

Psychiatric disorders associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a pharmacovigilance analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Background: With the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for tumour immunotherapy, the immune-related adverse events (irAEs) caused by their collateral effect on the immune system pose a key challenge for the clinical application of ICIs. Psychiatric adverse events are a class of adverse events associated with ICIs that are realistically observed in the real world. We aim to provide a comprehensive study and summary of psychiatric adverse events associated with ICIs.

Gamma delta T-cell-based immune checkpoint therapy: attractive candidate for antitumor treatment.

As a nontraditional T-cell subgroup, γδT cells have gained popularity in the field of immunotherapy in recent years. They have extraordinary antitumor potential and prospects for clinical application. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which are efficacious in tumor patients, have become pioneer drugs in the field of tumor immunotherapy since they were incorporated into clinical practice.

Adverse reactions associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and bevacizumab: A pharmacovigilance analysis.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with the anti-angiogenesis drug bevacizumab is one of the future directions of immunotherapy. However, the potential adverse drug reactions (ADRs) caused by combination therapy remain unclear. Current research on ADRs of combination therapy in cancer patients is extremely limited.

Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Neuroendocrine Transformation in -Rearranged Lung Adenocarcinoma After Treatments With Sequential ALK Inhibitors: A Brief Report.

Introduction: Neuroendocrine (NE) transformation has been reported in patients with -rearranged NSCLC after ALK inhibition, but unlike -mutant NSCLC, the exact mechanism of NE transformation in -rearranged NSCLC is poorly studied.

Methods: We collected the matched pre- and post-transformation samples from a patient with -rearranged lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and performed targeted panel sequencing, whole exome sequencing, and bulk RNA sequencing.

Results: Multiple mutations were shared between the pretransformation and post-transformation samples.

Activation of the DDR Pathway Leads to the Down-Regulation of the TGFβ Pathway and a Better Response to ICIs in Patients With Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the treatment paradigm of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC), a dominant type of bladder cancer (BC). Previous studies have shown an association between gene mutations in the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway and the immunotherapy response in mUC but have neglected the effect of the activation level of the DDR pathway on the ICI response in mUC. A published immunotherapy cohort with genome, transcriptome and survival data for 348 mUC patients was used.

Preliminary clinical experience of robot-assisted surgery in treatment with genioplasty.

Genioplasty is the main way to treat diseases such as chin asymmetry, dysplasia and overdevelopment, which involve the three-dimensional direction abnormalities of the chin. Since this kind of surgery mainly uses intraoral incisions, the narrow surgical field of intraoral incisions and the surrounding important neurovascular tissues make it easy for complications, to occur during the osteotomy process, which results in greater surgical risks. The first craniofacial-plastic surgical robot (CPSR-I) system is developed to complete the precise positioning and improve the surgeon's force perception ability.

Application research of master-slave cranio-maxillofacial surgical robot based on force feedback.

Background: The complex anatomical structure, limited field of vision, and easily damaged nerves, blood vessels, and other anatomical structures are the main challenges of a cranio-maxillofacial (CMF) plastic surgical robot. Bearing these characteristics and challenges in mind, this paper presents the design of a master-slave surgical robot system with a force feedback function to improve the accuracy and safety of CMF surgery.

Methods: A master-slave CMF surgical robot system based on force feedback is built with the master tactile robot and compact slave robot developed in the laboratory.

A Compact Surgical Robot System for Craniomaxillofacial Surgery and its Preliminary Study.

Craniomaxillofacial surgery has the characteristics of complex anatomical structure, narrow surgical field, and easy damage to nerves, blood vessels, and other structures. Compared with the traditional bare-hand operation, robot-assisted craniofacial surgery is expected to achieve a more stable and accurate surgical operation. So we have developed a robot-assisted craniofacial surgery system.

Potential predictive value of SCN4A mutation status for immune checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma.

Melanoma refers to a pigmented nevus with malignant changes. The preferred treatment for primary melanoma is surgical excision and postoperative radiotherapy, but the prognosis is poor. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been remarkably successful in different types of cancers, but not all cancer patients can benefit from it.

Does intraoperative navigation improve the accuracy of mandibular angle osteotomy: Comparison between augmented reality navigation, individualised templates and free-hand techniques.

Background: Augmented reality (AR)-based navigation surgery has evolved to be an advanced assisted technology. The aim of this study is to manifest the accuracy of AR navigation for the intraoperative mandibular angle osteotomy by comparing the navigation with other interventional techniques.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with 93 post-surgical patients with mandibular angle hypertrophy admitted at our plastic and reconstructive surgery department between September 2011 and June 2016.

Robot-Assisted Surgery for Mandibular Angle Split Osteotomy Using Augmented Reality: Preliminary Results on Clinical Animal Experiment.

Unlabelled: Mandibular angle split osteotomy (MASO) is a procedure widely used for prominent mandibular angles. However, conventional mandibular plastic surgery is invasive and high risk. It may induce postoperative neurosensory disturbance of the inferior alveolar nerve, fractures and infection due to the complexity of the anatomical structure and the narrow surgical field of view.

Research of the master-slave robot surgical system with the function of force feedback.

Background: Surgical robots lack force feedback, which may lead to operation errors. In order to improve surgical outcomes, this research developed a new master-slave surgical robot, which was designed with an integrated force sensor.

Methods: The new structure designed for the master-slave robot employs a force feedback mechanism.

Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles by Merging Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis and Cobalt Catalysis.

Herein, the first acceptorless dehydrogenation of tetrahydroquinolines (THQs), indolines, and other related N-heterocycles, by merging visible-light photoredox catalysis and cobalt catalysis at ambient temperature, is described. The potential applications to organic transformations and hydrogen-storage materials are demonstrated. Primary mechanistic investigations indicate that the catalytic cycle occurs predominantly by an oxidative quenching pathway.

A study of an assisting robot for mandible plastic surgery based on augmented reality.

Background: Mandible plastic surgery plays an important role in conventional plastic surgery. However, its success depends on the experience of the surgeons. In order to improve the effectiveness of the surgery and release the burden of surgeons, a mandible plastic surgery assisting robot, based on an augmented reality technique, was developed.

Surface matching for high-accuracy registration of the lateral skull base.

Purpose: The accuracy achievable when utilizing image guidance depends to a large extent on the accuracy with which the patient can be registered to preoperative image data. This work proposes a method for the registration of the temporal bone based on surface matching and investigates the achievable accuracy of the technique.

Methods: Fourteen human temporal bones were utilized for evaluation; incisions were made, fiducial screws were implanted to act as a ground truth, and imaging was performed.

Cardiovascular-interventional-surgery virtual training platform and its preliminary evaluation.

Background: Cardiovascular interventional surgery (CIS) training has mainly been performed with fluoroscopic guidance on animals. However, this has potential drawbacks, including from the anatomical differences between animal models and the human body. The purpose of this research is to develop a virtual training platform for inexperienced trainees.