Dynamics of germination stimulants dehydrocostus lactone and costunolide in the root exudates and extracts of sunflower.

Wallr. ( Loefl.) causes severe yield losses of confectionary sunflower in China.

Characterization of glyphosate and quizalofop-p-ethyl multiple resistance in Eleusine indica.

Glyphosate and Acetyl-coenzyme A Carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors are popular herbicides that control goosegrass. However, some populations are difficult to control due to resistance resulting from the increasing selection pressure. The objectives of this research were to detect the multiple resistance levels, resistance mechanisms, and fitness costs of two goosegrass populations collected in China.

Modified colonic transit test in healthy subjects and constipated patients: A triple-phase, two-center prospective study.

Background And Aim: Classic daily-ingestion single-film protocol using radiopaque markers for colonic transit time (CTT) is unsuitable for Chinese patients because of rapid colonic motility. A new modified method needs to be established.

Methods: The triple-phase study was performed.

Investigation of resistance mechanism to fomesafen in Amaranthus retroflexus L.

Amaranthus retroflexus L. is one of the most troublesome weeds in autumn-crop fields in Northeast China. In recent years, field applications of fomesafen have failed to control an A.

Glyphosate resistance in Eleusine indica: EPSPS overexpression and P106A mutation evolved in the same individuals.

Goosegrass is one of the most widespread weeds in orchards and tea plantations in China, and glyphosate is a popular herbicide used to control it. However, high glyphosate selection pressure has led to some populations becoming resistant. The objectives of this research were to determine resistance levels and possible resistance mechanisms of goosegrass populations from several tea plantations in Zhejiang Province in China.

Molecular basis of natural tolerance to glyphosate in Convolvulus arvensis.

Convolvulus arvensis is a troublesome weed that is naturally tolerant to glyphosate. This weed tolerates glyphosate at a rate 5.1 times higher than that of glyphosate-susceptible Calystegia hederacea.

Selection of reference genes for qPCR normalization in buffalobur (Solanum rostratum Dunal).

Buffalobur (Solanum rostratum Dunal), which belongs to the Solanaceae family, is a worldwide noxious invasive weed and is listed as one of the top 10 alien invasive species in China. It is harmful to humans and livestock because the entire plant is covered with spines containing toxins. Many studies have analysed the gene expression in this weed species under different stress conditions using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).

The basis of resistance mechanism to mesosulfuron-methyl in Tausch's goatgrass (Aegilops tauschii Coss.).

Tausch's goatgrass (Aegilops tauschii Coss.) is one of the most troublesome weeds in winter wheat-growing regions of China. In recent years, the recommended field rate of mesosulfuron-methyl failed to control the Tausch's goatgrass population in Shanxi province (SX), China.

Characterization of Eleusine indica with gene mutation or amplification in EPSPS to glyphosate.

The evolution of weed-resistant species threatens the sustainable use of glyphosate, which is the most important herbicide widely used in agriculture worldwide. Moreover, the high glyphosate resistance (>180-fold based on LD) of Eleusine indica found in Malaysia, which carries a double mutation in its 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), made the control of this species more difficult. By contrast, the same species carrying the same double mutation in EPSPS (T102I+P106S) but found in China only shows a resistance level of not more than 14-fold based on GR.

Selection of relatively exact reference genes for gene expression studies in goosegrass (Eleusine indica) under herbicide stress.

Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) is one of the most serious annual grassy weeds worldwide, and its evolved herbicide-resistant populations are more difficult to control. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) is a common technique for investigating the resistance mechanism; however, there is as yet no report on the systematic selection of stable reference genes for goosegrass. This study proposed to test the expression stability of 9 candidate reference genes in goosegrass in different tissues and developmental stages and under stress from three types of herbicide.

One new flavonoid from Solanum rostratum.

One new flavonoid, 5,7,8,4'-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone-8-O-β-d-xylopyranoside (2), along with other four known flavones (1, 3-5) were isolated from the aerial parts of Solanum rostratum. 8-hydroxyflavonoid was isolated from series Androceras for the first time. The structure of the new compound 2 was determined on the basis of spectroscopic techniques, including IR, NMR and HRESI-MS.

[Interaction of polymorphisms of PPAR-γ2 gene -C34G and NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox gene -C242T with Helicobacter pylori infection in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the interaction of polymorphisms of PPAR-γ2 gene -C34G and NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox gene -C242T with helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) .

Methods: A total of 200 cases of LSCC of Broder grade I, 200 of Broder grade II and of grade III were enrolled in this study with 200 healthy individuals as the control group.

Investigating the mechanisms of glyphosate resistance in goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.) by RNA sequencing technology.

Glyphosate is an important non-selective herbicide that is in common use worldwide. However, evolved glyphosate-resistant (GR) weeds significantly affect crop yields. Unfortunately, the mechanisms underlying resistance in GR weeds, such as goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.

Correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and polymorphism of adiponectin gene promoter -11391G/A, superoxide dismutase gene in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection and polymorphism of adiponectin gene promoter -11391G/A, extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) gene in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).


Methods: From June, 2010 to July, 2014, a hospital-based 1:1 matched case-control study was carried out, with 600 cases of NAFLD and 600 healthy people in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University.

[Interaction between polymorphisms of TLR4 gene G11367C in 3' untranslated region and IκB-α Hae III in acute pancreatitis and the degree of severity].

Objective: To investigate the interaction between polymorphism of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene G11367C in 3' untranslated region (UTR) and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappaB (IκB)-α 
Hae III in acute pancreatitis (AP) and the degree of severity.


Methods: A total of 450 patients with confirmed AP (AP group), who came from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College from May 2013 to June 2015, were divided into a mild AP subgroup (MAP subgroup), a moderately severe AP (MSAP subgroup), and a severe acute AP (SAP subgroup) (n=150 in each group). One hundred fifty healthy persons were served as a control group.

Target-site basis for resistance to imazethapyr in redroot amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L.).

Experiments were conducted to confirm imazethapyr resistance in redroot amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and study the target-site based mechanism for the resistance. Whole-plant response experiments revealed that the resistant (R) population exhibited 19.

Association of polymorphisms of adiponectin gene promoter-11377C/G, glutathione peroxidase-1 gene C594T, and cigarette smoking in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: The number of studies on adiponectin, GPx-1 gene polymorphisms, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) susceptibility is increasing, but none have investigated the effect of cigarette smoking in combination with the gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility to NAFLD. In order to understand the distribution of adiponectin and GPx-1 in the local population, to explore the possible association of cigarette smoking with adiponectin and GPx-1 gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, we conducted this research, examining the distribution of polymorphisms of adiponectin and GPx-1 in NAFLD patients and healthy controls, analyzing the association between these polymorphisms and cigarette smoking.

Methods: Two hundred nonalcoholic simple fatty liver (NAFL), 200 nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and 200 nonalcoholic fatty hepatic cirrhosis (NAFHC) cases from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College in China from February 2011 to November 2014 were selected for this study, and 200 healthy individuals as a control group.

[Interaction of MIF gene -173G/C polymorphism and GPX1 gene 594C/T polymorphism with high-fat diet in ulcerative colitis].

Objective: To investigate the interaction of single nucleotide polymorphisms of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene -173G/C and glutathione peroxidase 1(GPX1) gene 594C/T polymorphisms and high-fat diet in ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: The genetic polymorphisms of MIF -173G/C and GPX1 594C/T were determined with a polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-endonuclease method in peripheral blood leukocytes derived from 1500 UC cases and 1500 healthy controls.

Results: The frequencies of MIF -173CC and GPX1 594TT were 55.

[Interaction of polymorphisms of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 receptor CCR2 gene 190A/G, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunit p22phox gene C242T and cigarette smoking increases the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease].

Objective: To investigate the interaction of polymorphisms of monocyte chemoattractant protein-I (MCP-1) receptor CCR2 gene 190A/G, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunit p22phox gene C242T and cigarette smoking in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD ).

Methods: The genetic polymorphisms of MCP-1 receptor CCR2 gene 190A/G and NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox gene C242T were analyzed by the technique of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) in peripheral blood leukocytes of 600 NAFLD cases and 600 healthy persons.

Results: The frequencies of 190A/G (GG) and C242T (TT) were 50.

Molecular basis of resistance to imazethapyr in redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) populations from China.

Three putative resistant Amaranthus retroflexus L. populations were collected in Heilongjiang province in China. Whole plant bioassays indicated high resistance (RI > 10) to imazethapyr in the three populations.

Interaction of Polymorphisms of Resistin Gene Promoter -420C/G, Glutathione Peroxidase -1 Gene Pro198Leu and Cigarette Smoking in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Background: Many studies have suggested that cigarette smoking and polymorphisms of resistin and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1) genes are closely correlated with the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, few reports have investigated these associations with respect to NAFLD susceptibility. We, therefore, examined the distribution of polymorphisms in GPx-1 and resistin genes in NAFLD patients and healthy controls and analyzed the relationship between these polymorphisms and smoking status.

[Qilin Pills combined with clomiphene for idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia].

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of Qilin Pills combined with clomiphene on idiopathic oligoasthenospermia.

Methods: We randomly assigned 300 patients with idiopathic oligoasthenospermia to a trial (n = 156) and a control group (n = 144) to be treated with Qilin Pills (6 g, tid) combined with clomiphene (50 mg, qd) and clomiphene alone (50 mg, qd), respectively, both for a course of 12 weeks. Before and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of medication, we determined sperm concentration, the percentages of grade a and grade a + b sperm, sperm motility, and the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone (T), followed by evaluation of the clinical efficacy of Qilin Pills with the pregnancy rate in the patients' spouses as the secondaty therapeutic indexes.

Dalitong granule combined with electroacupuncture in the treatment of functional dyspepsia: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To explore clinical short and long-term effect of combining dalitong granule (DG) and electroacupuncture group (EA) in the treatment of functional dyspepsia.

Methods: Totally 640 patients with confirmed functional dyspepsia were randomly divided into 4 groups using a randomized digital table: the DG group, the EA group, the combined group and the control group, 160 cases in each group. The DG group was treated with 6 g DG 3 times daily; the EA group was treated with puncture of points Zusanli (ST36), Zhongwan (CV12), Neiguan (PC6), Taichong (LR3) and Gongsun (SP4) twice daily; the combined group with above-mentioned DG and EA; and the control group with 5 mg mosapride 3 times, 20 mg pantoprazole and 25 mg amitriptylines twice daily.

Mutations and amplification of EPSPS gene confer resistance to glyphosate in goosegrass (Eleusine indica).

Field-evolved resistance of goosegrass to glyphosate is due to double or single mutation in EPSPS , or amplification of EPSPS leads to increased transcription and protein levels. Glyphosate has been used widely in the south of China. The high selection pressure from glyphosate use has led to the evolution of resistance to glyphosate in weeds.