Publications by authors named "Chaowei Bi"

Article Synopsis
  • - Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a harmful fungus affecting many crops, and controlling it is difficult due to the absence of resistant plant varieties and its long-lasting sclerotia.
  • - Research identified a gene (SsMNO1) crucial for the fungus's growth and virulence, and applying RNA interference (RNAi) strategies targeting this gene successfully inhibited its development and reduced its harmful effects on plants.
  • - RNAi agents aimed at SsMNO1 could be a promising method for managing Sclerotinia diseases, demonstrating both effects on preventing sclerotial formation and decreasing hyphal virulence in affected crops.
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Background: Colletotrichum sublineola is the pathogenic fungus that causes sorghum anthracnose, which seriously threatens sorghum yield. Benzovindiflupyr is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor with good control effects on various crop diseases. However, the control of sorghum anthracnose by benzovindiflupyr and the risk of resistance to benzovindiflupyr in this pathogen are not well studied.

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Magnaporthe oryzae is a rice blast pathogen that seriously threatens rice yield. Benzovindiflupyr is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicide that effectively controls many crop diseases. Benzovindiflupyr has a strong inhibitory effect on M.

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Article Synopsis
  • Fludioxonil is a fungicide effective against gray mold, but resistance in the field is low, and resistant strains have reduced biological fitness compared to wild strains.
  • Research focused on transcriptome analysis of five resistant mutant strains to identify candidate genes responsible for this decline in fitness.
  • Three key downregulated genes were found to impact metabolic pathways, mycelial growth, pathogenicity, and stress responses, providing insights into the mechanisms of resistance and potential management strategies.
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Gray mold caused by is among the 10 most serious fungal diseases worldwide. Fludioxonil is widely used to prevent and control gray mold due to its low toxicity and high efficiency; however, resistance caused by long-term use has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, exploring the resistance mechanism of fungicides provides a theoretical basis for delaying the occurrence of diseases and controlling gray mold.

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Plants have evolved a sophisticated immunity system for specific detection of pathogens and rapid induction of measured defences. Over- or constitutive activation of defences would negatively affect plant growth and development. Hence, the plant immune system is under tight positive and negative regulation.

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Article Synopsis
  • Necrotrophic fungal pathogens like Sclerotinia sclerotiorum use specific proteins called cell death-inducing proteins (CDIPs) to promote their infection in plants, but the details of these proteins have not been well-studied.
  • Researchers discovered that S. sclerotiorum secretes a protein called SsXyl2, which triggers cell death in host plants during infection, independent of its enzymatic activity.
  • The study reveals that a plant protein (NbHIR2) interacts with SsXyl2 to enhance its effectiveness in causing cell death, and disruptions in this interaction can increase plant resistance, paving the way for developing more resistant crop varieties.
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The broad host range of fungi with differential fungal responses leads to either a pathogenic or an endophytic lifestyle in various host plants. Yet, the molecular basis of schizotrophic fungal responses to different plant hosts remains unexplored. Here, we observed a general increase in the gene expression of associated with pathogenicity in symptomatic rapeseed, including small protein secretion, appressorial formation, and oxalic acid toxin production.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study identified 65 LysM family genes in bread wheat, classified into four categories based on their structures and functions in plant-microbe interactions.
  • - Key LysM proteins (TaCEBiP, TaLYK5, and TaCERK1) were found to interact with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), enhancing wheat's resistance to diseases.
  • - The research revealed that wheat utilizes two chitin perception systems to recognize pathogens, highlighting the signaling pathways activated by these LysM proteins under biotic stress.
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Rice false smut caused by is one of the most devastating fungal diseases of rice () worldwide. Prochloraz and azoxystrobin belong to the groups of demethylation inhibitors and quinone outside inhibitors, respectively, and are commonly used for controlling this disease. In this study, we analyzed the sensitivities of 100 isolates from Yunnan, Sichuan, Chongqing, and Zhejiang in Southern China to prochloraz and azoxystrobin.

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Plants have the ability to recognize the essential chitin molecule present in the fungal cell wall, which stimulates the immune response. Phytopathogenic fungi have developed various strategies to inhibit the chitin-triggered immune response. Here, we identified a chitin deacetylase of Puccinia striiformis f.

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Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring of proteins is a conserved posttranslational modification in eukaryotes. GPI-anchored proteins are widely distributed in fungal plant pathogens, but the specific roles of the GPI-anchored proteins in the pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a devastating necrotrophic plant pathogen with a worldwide distribution, remain largely unknown. This research addresses , which encodes an glycine- and serine-rich protein named SsGsr1 with an N-terminal secretory signal and a C-terminal GPI-anchor signal.

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Rice false smut, caused by , has become one of the most devastating grain diseases of rice worldwide. Understanding the genetic diversity of is essential for efficient disease control and breeding for disease resistance. However, little is known about the genetic variation of from different rice cultivars.

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Article Synopsis
  • * It discusses specific compounds like -coumaroylagmatine and ferulic acid, detailing their antimicrobial effects and involvement in plant immune responses.
  • * Despite progress in understanding HCAAs, the complexity of their functions in plant defense is acknowledged, calling for more research to uncover remaining mysteries.
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Rice false smut, caused by , is one of the most destructive fungal diseases in rice-growing countries. Studies of the genetic diversity, evolution, and pathogenicity of can provide more information for disease control and cultivar breeding. Contrary to previous studies on the genetic diversity of different geographical populations of , this study analyzed the genetic variation of from different panicles of the same rice cultivar in a field in Yunnan Province using single nucleotide polymorphism molecular markers.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study focused on analyzing the genetic diversity and population structure of rice false smut fungus, which is a significant threat to rice crops, using molecular markers on 167 isolates from the Sichuan-Chongqing region of China.
  • - Researchers identified 62 haplotypes among these isolates, revealing that certain haplotypes were common across multiple geographic areas, indicating gene flow and significant genetic differentiation between populations.
  • - The findings suggest that understanding this genetic variation can improve management and breeding strategies for rice false smut resistance, particularly by evaluating breeding lines with different isolates across various environments.
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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a destructive necrotrophic fungal pathogen with worldwide distribution. The metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is critical for the development and infection process of this economically important pathogen. Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is converted into water and dioxygen by catalases, which are major ROS scavengers in cells.

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Gummy stem blight (GSB), caused by , is a devastating disease on watermelon. Pydiflumetofen belongs to succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicide, which is effective in controlling many plant diseases. The EC values of 69 isolates to pydiflumetofen ranged from 0.

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Plant subtilases (SBTs) or subtilisin-like proteases comprise a very diverse family of serine peptidases that participates in a broad spectrum of biological functions. Despite increasing evidence for roles of SBTs in plant immunity in recent years, little is known about wheat () SBTs (TaSBTs). Here, we identified 255 genes from bread wheat using the latest version 2.

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Wheat stripe rust, caused by f. sp. (), is one of the most important and devastating diseases of wheat; therefore, it is necessary to rapidly and accurately quantify fungicide effectiveness to monitor sensitivity and manage the disease.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted to analyze the genetic makeup of a devastating fungal pathogen affecting oilseed, specifically focusing on rapeseed in Chongqing, China, using SSR markers and mycelial compatibility groups (MCGs).
  • The research identified 52 microsatellite haplotypes and 47 MCGs among 90 isolates, revealing distinct genetic differences between isolates from western and eastern Chongqing.
  • Findings showed variation in pathogen aggressiveness among isolates, suggesting the need for different breeding lines in each region to enhance resistance evaluation and disease management strategies.
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Target spot is a newly emerging citrus disease caused by Pseudofabraea citricarpa. Outbreaks of this disease result in massive economic losses to citrus production. Here, an integrated study involving comparative transcriptomic and secretomic analyses was conducted to determine the critical pathogenicity factors of P.

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating necrotrophic fungal pathogen that infects over 400 species of plants worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulations are critical for the pathogenic development of S. sclerotiorum.

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is a destructive ascomycete plant pathogen with worldwide distribution. Extensive research on different aspects of this pathogen's capability to cause disease will help to uncover clues about new ways to safely control Sclerotinia diseases. The thioredoxin (Trx) system consists of Trx and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), which play critical roles in maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis.

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