Anisotropic Plasmon Resonance in TiCT MXene Enables Site-Selective Plasmonic Catalysis.

The ever-growing interest in MXenes has been driven by their distinct electrical, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties. In this context, further revealing their physicochemical attributes remains the key frontier of MXene materials. Herein, we report the anisotropic localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) features in TiCT MXene as well as site-selective photocatalysis enabled by the photophysical anisotropy.

Effects of Temperature Fluctuations on Surface Mobility of Atomic Steps and Oxidation Dynamics in High-Temperature Alloys.

In contrast to the traditional perspective that thermal fluctuations are insignificant in surface dynamics, here we report their influence on surface reaction dynamics. Using real-time low-energy electron microscopy imaging of NiAl(100) under both vacuum and O atmospheres, we demonstrate that transient temperature variations substantially alter the direction of atom diffusion between the surface and bulk, leading to markedly different oxidation outcomes. During heating, substantial outward diffusion of atoms from the bulk to the surface results in step growth.

[IgA vasculitis with necrosis of the small intestine secondary to monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance: A case report].

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance combined with renal damage is named monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance. There are few reports about IgA vasculitis in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Here, we report a case of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance, who had manifestations of IgA vasculitis, including purpura, gastrointestinal bleeding and joint pain.

Magneto-Photonic Effect of FeO@SiO Nanorods for Visualizing the Direction of Magnetic Fields with High Spatiotemporal Resolution.

In this work, we demonstrate the visualization of the complex magnetic fields by utilizing the magneto-photonic effect of FeO@SiO nanorod suspension with one-to-one correspondence between the visible colors and magnetic field directions. The selected anisotropic nanorods possess appropriate saturated magnetization and high electrostatic repulsion, which is magnetically direction-responsive but strength-insensitive, accurately detecting the field direction while eliminating the influence from intensity. The combined experiment-simulation study validates the accuracy of the simulation, allowing us to further determine the intensity distribution of the magnetic field.

Hidradenitis suppurativa: TLSs take the center stage.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a severe chronic inflammatory skin disease with limited response to therapy. In this issue of Immunity, Yu et al. identify skin tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) as primary sites for lymphocyte clonal expansion and autoantibody production, driving disease progression, and provide insight into how formation and maintenance of TLS impact therapeutic outcomes.

Diversity, composition, and assembly processes of bacterial communities within per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)-contained urban lake sediments.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread, highly persistent, and bio-accumulative compounds that are increasingly found in the sediments of aquatic systems. Given this accumulation and concerns regarding the environmental impacts of PFAS, their influence on sedimentary bacterial communities remains inadequately studied. Here, we investigated the concentrations of 17 PFAS in sediments from six urban lakes in Nanjing, China, and assessed their effects on the diversity, composition, potential interactions, and assembly mechanisms of sedimentary bacterial communities.

Effects of reduced flow gradient on benthic biofilm communities' ecological network and community assembly.

The intensification of human activities has led to flow reduction and cut-off in most global rivers, seriously affecting riverine organisms and the biogeochemical processes. As key indicators of river ecosystems' structure and function, benthic biofilms play a critical role in driving primary production and material cycling in rivers. This research aimed to investigate the characteristics of microbial communities' complexity and stability during river flow reduction.

Distinct effects of flow intermittency on the benthic microbial diversity and their denitrification on different substrates.

Global climate change has significantly increased the duration of droughts in intermittent rivers, impacting benthic microbial-mediated biogeochemical processes. However, the response mechanisms of biofilms on different substrate types to alternating dry and wet conditions and their related ecosystem functions remain poorly understood. This study uses high-throughput sequencing and enzyme assays to investigate the impact of gradient drought stress on microbial diversity and functional changes of biofilm communities inhabiting on gravel, cobblestone, and sediment.

Multi-omics landscape and molecular basis of radiation tolerance in a tardigrade.

Tardigrades are captivating organisms known for their resilience in extreme environments, including ultra-high-dose radiation, but the underlying mechanisms of this resilience remain largely unknown. Using genome, transcriptome, and proteome analysis of , we explored the molecular basis contributing to radiotolerance in this organism. A putatively horizontally transferred gene, DOPA dioxygenase 1 (), responds to radiation and confers radiotolerance by synthesizing betalains-a type of plant pigment with free radical-scavenging properties.

Enhancing Stability of Surface Au under Oxidizing Conditions through Reduced Bulk Au Content.

Contrary to the common assumption that a higher bulk content of precious metals facilitates the preservation of more surface noble metal by serving as a reservoir for surface enrichment, we demonstrate that a lower bulk content of Au results in a more stable arrangement of Au atoms at the surface of Cu-Au nanoparticles when exposed to an O atmosphere. Using ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we investigate the surface segregation and oxidation behavior of Cu-Au nanoparticles across various compositions. Our results reveal that in Au-rich nanoparticles exposed to an H atmosphere, surface segregation prompts the formation of a continuous Au-enriched shell, which subsequently oxidizes into a complete CuO shell upon transitioning to an O atmosphere.

Involvement of basolateral amygdala-rostral anterior cingulate cortex in mechanical allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors and potential mechanisms of electroacupuncture.

Aims: Chronic pain is highly associated with anxiety. Electroacupuncture (EA) is effective in relieving pain and anxiety. Currently, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying the comorbidity of chronic pain and anxiety and the EA mechanism.

Allergo-immunopathology mechanism of thymol-inhibiting airway remodeling in asthmatic mice by regulating TGF-β/Smad3 pathway.

Allergic asthma is an important public health problem and is a complicated respiratory sickness that is characterized by bronchial inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and breathlessness. Asthma is orchestrated by type 2 immune response and remodeling is one of the important outputted problem in chronic asthma. Thymol is a naturally occurring monocyclic phenolic, it has a series of biological properties, and its immunomodulatory and anti-remodeling effects on allergic asthma were evaluated.

Enhancing microplastic removal from natural water using coagulant aids.

Microplastic (MP) pollution poses a significant environmental challenge, underscoring the need for improved water treatment methods. This study investigates the effectiveness of coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation processes for removing microbeads, focusing on key factors that influence removal efficiency. Among the coagulants tested, polyaluminium chloride (PAC) demonstrated superior performance by enhancing the aggregation of microplastics with flocs.

Decomposition and reconstruction algorithms for IoT reliability analysis utilizing 5G technology for smart cities.

Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G communication technologies in smart cities deliver promising services for heterogeneous applications. The application reliability banks on uninterrupted and seamless services experienced by the users. However, the increasing smart city application demands influence the experience reliability through augmented wait times.

Hierarchical Carbon Nanocages as Superior Supports for Photothermal CO Catalysis.

The exploitation of hierarchical carbon nanocages with superior light-to-heat conversion efficiency, together with their distinct structural, morphological, and electronic properties, in photothermal applications could provide effective solutions to long-standing challenges in diverse areas. Here, we demonstrate the discovery of pristine and nitrogen-doped hierarchical carbon nanocages as superior supports for highly loaded, small-sized Ru particles toward enhanced photothermal CO catalysis. A record CO production rate of 3.

Effect of electroacupuncture on expression of protein phosphorylation in hippocampus tissues of rats with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Objectives: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on behavior and hippocampal protein phosphorylation in rats with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of CFS.

Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into control, model and EA groups (=12 rats in each group). The CFS model was established by chronic multifactor combined with stress stimulation (treadmill training + restraint stress + sleep disturbance + crowded environment).

A feasible interlayer strategy for simultaneous light and heat management in photothermal catalysis.

Photothermal conversion represents one crucial approach for solar energy harvesting and its exploitation as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels; however, an efficient, cost-effective, and generalized approach to enhance the photothermal conversion processes is still missing. Herein, we develop a feasible and efficient photothermal conversion strategy that achieves simultaneous light and heat management using supported metal clusters and WSe interlayer toward enhanced CO hydrogenation photothermal catalysis. The interlayer can simultaneously reduce heat loss in the catalytic layer and improve light absorption, leading to an 8-fold higher CO conversion rate than the controls.

Tuning Adsorbate-Mediated Strong Metal-Support Interaction by Oxygen Vacancy: A Case Study in Ru/TiO.

The adsorbate-mediated strong metal-support interaction (A-SMSI) offers a reversible means of altering the selectivity of supported metal catalysts, thereby providing a powerful tool for facile modulation of catalytic performance. However, the fundamental understanding of A-SMSI remains inadequate and methods for tuning A-SMSI are still in their nascent stages, impeding its stabilization under reaction conditions. Here, we report that the initial concentration of oxygen vacancy in oxide supports plays a key role in tuning the A-SMSI between Ru nanoparticles and defected titania (TiO).

Deciphering visceral adipose tissue regulatory T cells: Key contributors to metabolic health.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) within the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) play a crucial role in controlling tissue inflammation and maintaining metabolic health. VAT Tregs display a unique transcriptional profile and T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, and closely interact with adipocytes, stromal cells, and other immune components within the local VAT microenvironment. However, in the context of obesity, there is a notable decline in VAT Tregs, resulting in heightened VAT inflammation and insulin resistance.

Rational design of CT-coupled J-aggregation platform based on Aza-BODIPY for highly efficient phototherapy.

Supramolecular engineering is exceptionally appealing in the design of functional materials, and J-aggregates resulting from noncovalent interactions offer intriguing features. However, building J-aggregation platforms remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report 3,5-dithienyl Aza-BODIPYs with a donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) architecture as the first charge transfer (CT)-coupled J-aggregation BODIPY-type platform.

ACP-DRL: an anticancer peptides recognition method based on deep representation learning.

Cancer, a significant global public health issue, resulted in about 10 million deaths in 2022. Anticancer peptides (ACPs), as a category of bioactive peptides, have emerged as a focal point in clinical cancer research due to their potential to inhibit tumor cell proliferation with minimal side effects. However, the recognition of ACPs through wet-lab experiments still faces challenges of low efficiency and high cost.

Conserved and specific gene expression patterns in the embryonic development of tardigrades.

Tardigrades, commonly known as water bears, are enigmatic organisms characterized by their remarkable resilience to extreme environments despite their simple and compact body structure. To date, there is still much to understand about their evolutionary and developmental features contributing to their special body plan and abilities. This research provides preliminary insights on the conserved and specific gene expression patterns during embryonic development of water bears, focusing on the species Hypsibius exemplaris.

Non-Photochemical Origin of Selectivity Difference between Light and Dark Catalytic Conditions.

The interest in introducing light into heterogeneous catalysis is driven not only by the urgent need of replacing fossil energy but also by the promise of controlling product selectivity by light. The product selectivity differences observed in recent studies between light and dark reactions are often attributed to photochemical effects. Here, we report the discovery of a non-photochemical origin of selectivity difference, at essentially the same CO conversion rate, between photothermal and thermal CO hydrogenation reactions over a Ru/TiO catalyst.

Hydrogen Bubbles: Harmonizing Local Hydrogen Transfer for Efficient Plastic Hydro-Depolymerization.

Hydro-depolymerization presents a promising avenue for transforming plastic waste into high-value hydrocarbons, offering significant potential for value-added recycling. However, a major challenge in this method arises from kinetic limitations due to insufficient hydrogen concentration near the active sites, requiring optimal catalytic performance only at higher hydrogen pressures. In this study, we address this hurdle by developing "hydrogen bubble catalysts" featuring Ru nanoparticles within mesoporous SBA-15 channels (Ru/SBA).

Comparative analysis of the vaginal bacteriome and virome in healthy women living in high-altitude and sea-level areas.

The vaginal microbiota plays an important role in the health of the female reproductive tract and is closely associated with various pregnancy outcomes and sexually transmitted diseases. Plenty of internal and external factors have strong influence on the changes in a woman's vaginal microbiome. However, the effect of a high-altitude on female vaginal microbiota has not been described.