An interventional study of digital therapy on blood glucose and weight management in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 3-months digital therapy (DTx) intervention in the real world for the management of blood glucose in 3,902 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Lingshui, Hainan.

Methods: Adults with T2D who were capable of using DTx application (app) were enrolled. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG), and body weight before and after the intervention were collected.

Ube2L6 Promotes M1 Macrophage Polarization in High-Fat Diet-Fed Obese Mice via ISGylation of STAT1 to Trigger STAT1 Activation.

Introduction: In obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), M1 macrophages aggravate chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. ISG15-conjugation enzyme E2L6 (Ube2L6) has been demonstrated as a promoter of obesity and insulin resistance. This study investigated the function and mechanism of Ube2L6 in M1 macrophage polarization in obesity.

Performance and mechanism of CO absorption during the simultaneous removal of SO and NO by wet scrubbing process.

The co-removal of CO while removing SO and NO from industrial flue gas has great potential of carbon emission reduction but related research is lacking. In this study, a wet scrubbing process with various urea solutions for desulfurization and denitrification was explored for the possibility of CO absorption. The results showed that the urea-additive solutions were efficient for NO and SO abatement, but delivered < 10% CO absorption efficiency.

The Potential Prebiotic Berberine Combined With Methimazole Improved the Therapeutic Effect of Graves' Disease Patients Through Regulating the Intestinal Microbiome.

Graves' disease, a typical metabolism disorder, causes diffuse goiter accompanied by ocular abnormalities and ocular dysfunction. Although methimazole (MI) is a commonly used drug for the treatment of GD, the efficacy of methimazole is only limited to the control of clinical indicators, and the side effects of MI should be seriously considered. Here, we designed a 6-month clinical trial that divided the patients into two groups: a methimazole group (=8) and a methimazole combined with potential prebiotic berberine group (=10).

Probiotic Bifidobacterium longum supplied with methimazole improved the thyroid function of Graves' disease patients through the gut-thyroid axis.

Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder that frequently results in hyperthyroidism and other symptoms. Here, we designed a 6-month study with patients divided into three treatment groups, namely, methimazole (MI, n = 8), MI + black bean (n = 9) and MI + probiotic Bifidobacterium longum (n = 9), to evaluate the curative effects of probiotics supplied with MI on thyroid function of patients with GD through clinical index determination and intestinal microbiota metagenomic sequencing. Unsurprisingly, MI intake significantly improved several thyroid indexes but not the most important thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb), which is an indicator of the GD recurrence rate.

Compositional and genetic alterations in Graves' disease gut microbiome reveal specific diagnostic biomarkers.

Graves' Disease is the most common organ-specific autoimmune disease and has been linked in small pilot studies to taxonomic markers within the gut microbiome. Important limitations of this work include small sample sizes and low-resolution taxonomic markers. Accordingly, we studied 162 gut microbiomes of mild and severe Graves' disease (GD) patients and healthy controls.

Promotion of TiO Nanotube-Confined Pt Nanoparticles via Surface Modification with FeO for Ethylene Oxidation at Low Temperature.

A modified confined catalyst with Pt nanoparticles on the interior and FeO on the exterior surface of TiO nanotubes (Pt-in/FeO-TNTs) was prepared and investigated for catalyzing the oxidation of ethylene. Compared with the Pt-in/TNTs without FeO modification, the Pt-in/FeO-TNTs exhibited a significantly enhanced activity, and the complete conversion temperature of ethylene decreased from 170 to 95 °C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicated that the Pt nanoparticles were stabilized at higher oxidation states in the Pt-in/FeO-TNT catalyst.

NO inhibition by toluene over Mn-Fe spinel SCR catalyst.

Co-removal of toluene in NH-SCR unit over Mn based catalysts is desirable but still faces the big challenge of byproduct greenhouse gas NO. In this work, the impacts of toluene on NO formation mechanism was studied. The main NO formation pathways in NH-SCR over Mn-Fe spinel were NH oxidation and non-catalytic selective reduction (NSCR), in which NSCR dominated below 250 °C.

Induction of long-term glycemic control in a type 2 diabetic patient for 11 years by intensive lifestyle intervention.

Can diabetes be reversed? Yes! The weight loss due to intensive lifestyle intervention leads to the recovery of islet β cell function, thus changing the natural course of type 2 diabetes.

Establishing a novel colorectal cancer predictive model based on unique gut microbial single nucleotide variant markers.

Current metagenomic species-based colorectal cancer (CRC) microbial biomarkers may confuse diagnosis because the genetic content of different microbial strains, even those belonging to the same species, may differ from 5% to 30%. Here, a total of 7549 non-redundant single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were annotated in 25 species from 3 CRC cohorts (n = 249). Then, 22 microbial SNV markers that contributed to distinguishing subjects with CRC from healthy subjects were identified by the random forest algorithm to construct a novel CRC predictive model.

Metagenomic Analyses Expand Bacterial and Functional Profiling Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer in a Hainan Cohort, China.

This study was conducted for the metagenomic analysis of stool samples from CRC affected individuals to identify biomarkers for CRC in Hainan, the only tropical island province of China. The gut microbiota of CRC patients differed significantly from that of healthy and reference database cohorts based on Aitchison distance and Bray-Cutis distance but there was no significant difference in alpha diversity. Furthermore, at the species level, 68 species were significantly altered including 37 CRC-enriched, such as, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra, Gemella morbillorum, Citrobacter portucalensis, Alloprevotella sp.

Correction: Mechanistic study on NO reduction by sludge reburning in a pilot scale cement precalciner with different CO concentrations.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C9RA04065J.].

Mechanistic study on NO reduction by sludge reburning in a pilot scale cement precalciner with different CO concentrations.

An experimental study on the effects of CO concentration on the release of reducing gases and the NO reduction efficiency by sludge reburning was carried out in a pilot scale cement precalciner. The results indicate that sludge reburning shows an ideal NO reduction activity. The best NO reduction efficiency of 54% is reached when the CO concentration is 25 vol%.

Data on species and concentration of the main gaseous products during sludge combustion to support the feasibility of using sludge as a flue gas denitration agent for the cement industry.

The dataset presented in this article is the supplementary data for the research article Fang et al., 2019 [1] and provided detailed data profile to support that sludge is an effective NO reducing agent, as reductive gas components produce during sludge combustion. The instantaneous concentrations of the main gaseous products during sludge combustion were detected by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, DX-4000, Gasmet Technologies).

CdS nanorod arrays with TiO₂ nano-coating for improved photostability and photocatalytic activity.

CdS nanorod arrays were grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrates via a hydrothermal process and subsequently coated with a TiO2 nanolayer via a vacuum dip-coating process to fabricate a one-dimensional array structured photocatalyst. The TiO2 nanolayer improved the photocatalytic efficiency of CdS nanorod arrays for the degradation of methylene blue due to the effective separation of the electron-hole pairs, and the photocorrosion of CdS nanorod arrays was successfully inhibited.

[Purification of complicated industrial organic waste gas by complex absorption].

Complicated industrial organic waste gas with the characteristics of low concentration,high wind volume containing inorganic dust and oil was employed the research object by complex absorption. Complex absorption mechanism, process flow, purification equipment and engineering application were studied. Three different surfactants were prepared for the composite absorbent to purify exhaust gas loaded with toluene and butyl acetate, respectively.