A single-center, open label, randomized, controlled study of hydroxychloroquine sulfate in the treatment of low risk PLAR-associated membranous nephropathy.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine sulfate (HCQ) in the treatment of low risk phospholipase A receptor (PLAR)-associated membranous nephropathy (MN).

Methods: A total of 110 patients with low risk PLAR-associated MN were included in the study. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were assigned randomly to two groups: the HCQ treatment group and the control group.

Efficacy and safety of dual renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade for non-elderly diabetic kidney disease patients with preserved eGFR.

Aim: Although sodium glucose cotransporter2 inhibitor (SGLT-2I) is widely used in clinical practice, sufficient renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibition remains the cornerstone of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) treatment. The aim of this single-center study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dual RAS blockade compared with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) monotherapy in non-elderly DKD patients with preserved eGFR (WHO Standard, < 60y).

Methods: This single-center study was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900024752), and approved by the ethical committee (KY201994).

TRPC6 inhibits renal tubular epithelial cell pyroptosis through regulating zinc influx and alleviates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Canonical transient receptor potential-6 (TRPC6) has been reported to be involved in cell damage after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in target organs. While the effect and of TRPC6 on pyroptosis in renal I/R injury remain unclear. In our study, we first established the renal I/R mouse model and oxygen-glucose deprivation and re-oxygenation (OGD/R) cell model, and investigated the impacts of TRPC6 on the pyroptosis-related proteins using CCK-8, western blot, ELISA, and immunofluorescence probes.

Intermittent hypoxia reduces infarct size in rats with acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To determine whether intermittent hypoxia (IH) can reduce the infarct size (IS) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats.

Methods: Articles were identified in PubMed, EMBASE and the Web of Science and were included if they evaluated the effect of IH on the changes in the infarcted area after AMI in rats.

Results: A preliminary search identified 3633 articles and 29 data sets from 23 articles (12 in vivo, 16 in vitro).

Asymmetric Synthesis of Spirocyclopentane Oxindoles Containing Four Consecutive Stereocenters and Quaternary α-Nitro Esters via Organocatalytic Enantioselective Michael-Michael Cascade Reactions.

An enantioselective domino Michael-Michael reaction of nitroolefins and 2-nitro-3-arylacrylates has been established, which provided a series of spirocyclopentane oxindoles with four consecutive stereocenters including quaternary α-nitro esters with good yields (up to 73%) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee). The reaction was realized and optimized with the aid of a chiral squaramide-amine catalyst. The structures of 11 products were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.