Vertical profile and assessment of soil pollution from a typical coking plant by suspect screening and non-target screening using GC/QTOF-MS.

A comprehensive workflow for suspect screening and non-target screening with gas chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/QTOF-MS) was used to characterize the pollution characteristics of soil samples in a typical coking plant in China. Suspect screening confirmed 57 chemicals including PAHs, alkyl PAHs, and phthalates contained in high-resolution personal compound database and library (PCDL). Non-target screening detected 88 chemicals from soil samples in the NIST 17 library.

Using Polychlorinated Naphthalene Concentrations in the Soil from a Southeast China E-Waste Recycling Area in a Novel Screening-Level Multipathway Human Cancer Risk Assessment.

Polychlorinated naphthalene (PCN) concentrations in the soil at an e-waste recycling area in Guiyu, China, were measured and the associated human cancer risk due to e-waste-related exposures was investigated. We quantified PCNs in the agricultural soil and used these concentrations with predictive equations to calculate theoretical concentrations in outdoor air. We then calculated theoretical concentrations in indoor air using an attenuation factor and in the local diet using previously published models for contaminant uptake in plants and fruits.

Determination of polyhalogenated carbazoles in soil using gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry.

Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are emerging environmental contaminants that have caused wide concerns due to their dioxin-like toxicity and environmental persistence. It would be desirable to determine all of these chemicals using a simple analytical method. Within this study, a simple and sensitive method combining accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) with gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was established to simultaneously analyze eleven frequently detected PHCZs in soil, including CCZ-3, CCZ-36, CCZ-1368, CCZ-2367, BCZ-3, BCZ-27, BCZ-36, BCZ-136, BCZ-1368, 1-B-36-CCZ, 18-B-36-CCZ.

Emission characteristics of polychlorinated, polybrominated and mixed polybrominated/chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs, and PBCDD/Fs) from waste incineration and metallurgical processes in China.

Typical thermal processes are common sources of polychlorinated, polybrominated and mixed polybrominated/chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs, and PBCDD/Fs); however, very few reports have investigated their coemission. To clarify the emission characteristics of these DD/Fs, two municipal waste incinerators (MWIs), three hazardous waste incinerators (HWIs), one cement kiln coprocessing municipal waste incinerator (CMWI), one secondary copper smelter (SCu), and one iron and steel sintering smelter (ISS) in China were investigated. In total, 17 congeners of PCDD/Fs, 14 congeners of PBDD/Fs, and 12 congeners of PBCDDs in stack flue gases from these thermal processes were analyzed using a high-resolution gas chromatograph/high-resolution mass spectrometer (HRGC/HRMS) in this study.

Temporal variations of PM-bound organophosphate flame retardants in different microenvironments in Beijing, China, and implications for human exposure.

In the present study, the temporal distribution of PM-bound organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) was comprehensively investigated in various indoor environments as well as outdoor air in Beijing, China over a one-year period. The mean concentrations of ΣOPFRs were 22.7 ng m and 1.

Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in feather and muscle of the birds of prey from Beijing, China.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the feather and muscle of common kestrels (Falco tinnunculus), eagle owls (Bubo bubo) and little owls (Athene noctua) collected from Beijing, China were investigated. The concentrations of ∑PBDEs in the muscle and feather of all the birds of prey ranged from 46 to 7.77 × 10 ng/g lipid weight (lw; median 241 ng/g lw) and 1.

Trophic transfer of hexabromocyclododecane in the terrestrial and aquatic food webs from an e-waste dismantling region in East China.

Trophic transfer of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) was investigated in both the terrestrial and aquatic food webs from an e-waste dismantling region in East China. The mean ΣHBCD concentrations in the terrestrial species varied from 0.91 (0.

Temporal and spatial distribution, sources, and potential health risks of ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) of eastern China.

In this study, from July 2011 to June 2012, 31 sampling sites were identified in order to investigate the concentrations and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as well as to evaluate their potential health risks in the cities of Suzhou, Wuxi, and Nantong, which are located in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD). The samples were collected by means of passive air sampling (PAS), and the contents of 15 PAHs were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The ∑PAHs concentrations were found to range from 6.

Occurrence of chiral organochlorine compounds in the environmental matrices from King George Island and Ardley Island, west Antarctica.

Chiral organochlorine compounds (OCs) were measured in various environmental matrices (air, soil and vegetation) from west Antarctica using high resolution gas chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS). They were generally detected at a global background level compared with the previous studies. α-HCH and PCB-183 was observed in all the matrices except PCB-183 in two soil samples, while PCB-95, -136, -149, -174, -176 and o,p'-DDT were detected in most air but only a few solid matrices.

Occurrence of organochlorine pesticides in the environmental matrices from King George Island, west Antarctica.

Antarctica is considered as a final sink of many persistent organic pollutants (POPs). This work aims to investigate the levels, distributions and potential sources of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) with HRGC/HRMS technique. Twenty-three OCPs were measured in various environmental matrices from King George Island, west Antarctica.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in environmental samples from Ny-Ålesund and London Island, Svalbard, the Arctic.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were determined in environmental samples collected from Ny-Ålesund and London Island, Svalbard, the Arctic. Total PCB concentrations (∑25PCBs) varied from 0.57 to 2.

Bioconcentration and trophic transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in aquatic animals from an e-waste dismantling area in East China.

Eight aquatic biota species were collected from an e-waste dismantling area in East China to investigate bioconcentration and trophic transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). The mean concentrations of PCBs varied widely from 6.01 × 10(4) to 2.

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments and fish species from the Murchison Bay of Lake Victoria, Uganda.

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were analyzed in sediments and fish from the Murchison Bay of Lake Victoria by high resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS). Average concentrations of total (Σ) PCDD/Fs and ΣPBDEs in sediments ranged from 68.8 to 479 pg g(-1) dry weight (dw) and 60.

Dioxins contamination in the feed additive (feed grade cupric sulfate) tied to chlorine industry.

The sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) found in animal feed additive (feed grade cupric sulfate, CuSO4) were investigated and traced back to the formation of chlorinated organic compounds in the chlor-alkali industry. PCDD/Fs could be transported through the supply chain: hydrochloric acid (HCl) by-produced during formation of chlorinated organic compounds in chlor-alkali industry → spent acid etching solution (acid-SES) generated in printed circuit board production → industrial cupric salt → CuSO4 in animal feed, and finally enter the food chain. The concentration ranges in HCl and acid-SES were similar, of which the level in acid-SES was also consistent with that in various cupric salt products including CuSO4 based on Cu element content.

Polychlorinated biphenyls in sediments and fish species from the Murchison Bay of Lake Victoria, Uganda.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in sediments and two fish species collected from the Murchison Bay in Lake Victoria, using high resolution gas chromatography coupled to a high resolution mass spectrometer. Total PCB concentrations (Σ18PCBs) varied widely with mean values ranging from 777 to 4325pg g(-1) dry weight (dw) for sediments and 80 to 779pg g(-1) wet weight (ww) for fish. The PCB levels in the sediments were significantly higher at the station closest to Nakivubo channel, presumably due to effluents discharged by the channel, which may contain domestically produced commercial PCB mixtures.

Polychlorinated biphenyls and hexachlorocyclohexanes in sediments and fish species from the Napoleon Gulf of Lake Victoria, Uganda.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) were analyzed in surface sediments (<30 cm depth) and two fish species: Nile perch (Lates niloticus) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The samples were collected from the Napoleon Gulf on the northern shore of Lake Victoria. The analysis was done using a gas chromatograph (GC) coupled to a high resolution mass spectrometer for PCBs and a GC equipped with an electron capture detector for HCHs.

[Preparation and performance investigation of Trichoderma viride-modified corn stalk as sorbent materials for oil spills].

This work aims at preparing oil spill sorbent (TCS, Trichoderma viride-modified corn stalk) through solid-state fermentation of corn stalk by Trichoderma viride. Single-factor experiments, including the effect of modification time, solid-liquid ratio of modification and modification temperature, and adsorption experiments simulating oil spill condition, were carried out. The results indicated that the maximum oil adsorption of TCS, 13.

Preparation of cellulose derived from corn stalk and its application for cadmium ion adsorption from aqueous solution.

Cellulose was isolated from corn stalk and modified by graft copolymerization to produce an absorbent material (AGCS-cell), which was characterized by scanning electron microscope and energy disperse spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and solid-state CP/MAS (13)C NMR. The results showed that AGCS-cell had better adsorption potential for cadmium ion than unmodified cellulose because of the addition of functional groups (CN and OH groups) and the lower crystallinity. The Langmuir isotherms gave the best fit to the data and gave an adsorption capacity was 21.

Removal of cadmium(II) from aqueous solution by corn stalk graft copolymers.

Corn stalk was modified using graft copolymerization to produce absorbent (AGCS), which was characterized by elemental analysis, fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, solid-state CP/MAS (13)C NMR spectra, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimeter. AGCS, having cyano group (-CN) after grafted successfully, exhibits more high adsorption potential for Cd(II) than unmodified forms. The efficiency of AGCS for removal of cadmium ions was evaluated.