The Molecular Mechanism of Fluorescence Lifetime of Fluorescent Probes in Cell Membranes.

Fluorescence probes play crucial roles in unraveling the structure and dynamics of cell membranes including membrane fluidity, polarity, and lipid molecule ordering. The fluorescence lifetime of probes describes the average duration of time that a fluorescent molecule remains in an excited state before returning to the ground state, which is sensitive to environmental changes. However, the molecular mechanism and inherent properties to determine the fluorescence lifetimes remain unexplored and inadequately studied.

[Diversity and Functional Characteristics of Fungal Communities and Influencing Factors in Typical Paddy Fields of China].

To investigate the structure, diversity, and function of different paddy soil fungal communities and the factors affecting them in typical paddy cropping areas in China, five typical Chinese paddy soils were selected in this study, and the composition and diversity of soil fungal communities were comparatively analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology and functionally predicted using the FUNGuild microecological tool. The results showed that： ① The fungal community diversity of soil samples from Heilongjiang （HLJ） was significantly lower than that of the other four regions （<0.05）； the highest fungal community richness was found in paddy soils from Yunnan （YN）, which was significantly higher than that of the other regions （<0.

The impact of utilizing oyster shell soil conditioner on the growth of tomato plants and the composition of inter-root soil bacterial communities in an acidic soil environment.

Introduction: The objective of this study is to examine the impact of various oyster shell soil conditioners, which are primarily composed of oyster shells, on the growth of tomatoes in acidic soil. Moreover, the aim of this investigation is to analyze the variety and structure of soil bacterial populations in close proximity to tomato roots while also contributing to the understanding of the physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms of oyster shell soil conditioners.

Methods: Tomato plants were grown in acidic red soil in three groups: a control group and a treatment group that used two types of oyster shell soil conditioners, OS (oyster shell powder) and OSF (oyster shell powder with organic microbial fertilizer).

Metabolic flux analysis of coenzyme Q synthesized by Rhodobacter sphaeroides under the influence of different pH regulators.

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is crucial for human beings, especially in the fields of biology and medicine. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the conditions for increasing CoQ production. At present, microbial fermentation is the main production method of CoQ, and the production process of microbial CoQ metabolism control fermentation is very critical.

A simple and rapid approach for on-site analysis of nicotine in tobacco based on a screen-printed electrode as an electrochemical sensor.

In this study, we report a portable kit consisting of a portable workstation, gold screen-printed electrode (SPE), 0.45 μm filter membrane, phosphate buffer solution (PBS), and acetic acid (1%) for point-of-use (POU) analysis of nicotine in tobacco. The activated-screen-printed electrode (A-SPE) displayed superior electron transmission efficiency, and the A-SPE without modification was employed for high-performance analysis of nicotine in actual tobacco after simple sample pretreatment.

Ultrasensitive monitoring of DNA damage associated with free radicals exposure using dynamic carbon nanotubes bridged interdigitated electrode array.

There are currently increasingly concerns over DNA damage related to free radicals due to their vital roles in human health, especially high-performance detection method. Herein, we report an ultra- sensitive monitoring of DNA damage associated with free radicals exposure using interdigitated electrode (IDE) array for the first time. The proposed IDE array was equipped with DNA-wrapped carbon nanotube-based bridges, which utilized the DNA damage mechanism due to the free radicals' attack and the efficient electrical detection nature of the interdigitated electrode.

A facile approach for rapid on-site screening of nicotine in natural tobacco.

Nicotine (Nic) exposed to the environment which comes from tobacco products is the main addictive agent and specific classes of hazardous compound that merit concern. In this study, we have established a fast and reliable method to achieve specific detection of Nic in natural nicotiana tabacum within 30 s through a miniaturized platform based on screen printed gold electrode (SPE). A simple electrochemical pretreatment mean was employed on gold surface that led to the exposure of Au (111) facet and a convenient sample pretreatment method was adopted to realize the extraction of Nic in tobacco.

Novel sensing platform based on gold nanoparticle-aptamer and Fe-metal-organic framework for multiple antibiotic detection and signal amplification.

The development of a feasible antibiotic detection method is important in water quality analysis. In this study, we developed a metal-organic framework (MOF)-aptamer-3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB)-HO-based sensing platform composed of the reaction variable of TMB catalytic oxidation as the label (from colorless to blue) and aptamer as the target recognition element for antibiotic detection. The platform works by calculating the relation between the antibiotic concentration and the resultant decrease in MOF's catalytic activity.

Graphene oxide wrapped melamine sponge as an efficient and recoverable adsorbent for Pb(II) removal from fly ash leachate.

Lead is one of the most toxic elements, which has been well recognized for its negative effect on the environment and human beings. But, preliminary methods such as chemical precipitation, membrane separation etc. and commonly used adsorbents based on adsorption technology were found to be expensive and inefficient.

N-Carbamoylmaleimide-treated carbon dots: stabilizing the electrochemical intermediate and extending it for the ultrasensitive detection of organophosphate pesticides.

To date, numerous methods have been reported for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OP) due to their severe potential hazard to the environment, public health and national security. However, very few works have ever found that the signal loss of thiocholine (TCh) during electrochemical processing is a key factor leading to the low sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-based OP electrochemical sensing platforms. Herein, we propose an ultrasensitive detection method for multiple OPs including parathion-methyl, paraoxon, dimethoate and O,O-dimethyl-O-2,2-dichlorovinyl-phosphate using N-carbamoylmaleimide-functionalized carbon dots (N-MAL-CDs) as a nano-stabilizer.