Kinetics of Martensite/Austenite Decomposition during Tempering of Ultrafine Nano-Bainitic Steels.

In this study, the decomposition of a martensite/austenite (M/A) microconstituent in bainitic steels was analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data in conjunction with Kissinger's and Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK)'s formulas. In bainitic steel subjected to austempering heat treatment, the presence of an M/A microstructure adversely affects the mechanical properties. According to the kinetic equations derived, it is observed that after tempering the sample at 600 °C for 4000 s, the generation of each phase reaches its maximum.

Study on the differential hepatotoxicity of raw polygonum multiflorum and polygonum multiflorum praeparata and its mechanism.

Background: Polygonum multiflorum (PM), a widely used traditional Chinese medicine herb, is divided into two forms, namely raw polygonum multiflorum (RPM) and polygonum multiflorum praeparata (PMP), according to the processing procedure. Emerging data has revealed the differential hepatotoxicity of RPM and PMP, however, its potential mechanism is still unclear.

Methods: In our study, we investigated the differential hepatotoxicity of RPM and PMP exerted in C57BL/6 mice.

Soluble E-cadherin participates in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by promoting EMT and lung fibroblast migration.

Soluble E-cadherin (sE-cad) is an 80 kDa fragment derived from E-cadherin that is shed from the cell surface through proteolytic cleavage and is a biomarker in various cancers that promotes invasion and migration. Alveolar epithelial destruction, aberrant lung fibroblast migration and inflammation contribute to pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we hypothesized that E-cadherin plays an important role in lung fibrosis.

Secreted S100A4 causes asthmatic airway epithelial barrier dysfunction induced by house dust mite extracts via activating VEGFA/VEGFR2 pathway.

The airway epithelial barrier dysfunction plays a crucial role in pathogenesis of asthma and causes the amplification of downstream inflammatory signal pathway. S100 calcium binding protein A4 (S100A4), which promotes metastasis, have recently been discovered as an effective inflammatory factor and elevated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in asthmatic mice. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA), is considered as vital regulator in vascular physiological activities.

Clinical and imaging characteristics of pulmonary cryptococcosis: a comparative analysis of 118 non-AIDS patients in China.

The accurate diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) is an important guarantee for the selection of reasonable treatment methods. In this paper, the clinical and imaging manifestations of PC in non-AIDS patients were retrospectively analyzed, and according to whether there was an underlying disease, a comparative analysis was carried out to deepen the understanding of PC, and improve the accuracy of its diagnosis. Both clinical and CT imaging data of 118 PC patients were analyzed retrospectively.

Vitamin D ameliorates asthma-induced lung injury by regulating HIF-1α/Notch1 signaling during autophagy.

Herein, we aimed to determine the effect of vitamin D (Vit D) and underlying mechanisms on asthma-induced lung injury via regulation of HIF-1α/Notch1 (hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha/neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1) signaling during autophagy. We established an asthma mouse model using respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) nasal drop combined with ovalbumin (OVA) atomization. Mice were treated with different Vit D concentrations.

-Matrix Calculation of Electron Collisions with Molecular Oxygen in Its Electronically Excited States.

Low-energy electron collisions with the XΣ- ground state and aΔ and bΣ+, the Herzberg states (cΣ, A'Δ, and AΣ+), and BΣ excited states of the O molecules are studied using the fixed-nucleus -matrix method. Integral elastic scattering and electronic excitation cross sections from the XΣ ground state overall agree well with the available experimental and theoretical results. The electronic (de-)excitation cross sections for the electron impact with the Herzberg states and the BΣ state are reported.

The pathological tissue expression pattern and clinical significance of m6A-regulatory genes in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Aberrant expression of m6A-related proteins contributes to the occurrence and progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Current studies mainly focus on single m6A regulatory genes and their underlying mechanisms, and the expression of multiple m6A regulatory proteins in NSCLC remains unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically examine these proteins, particularly in clinical specimens.

Single-Cell Analyses Reveal Mechanisms of Cancer Stem Cell Maintenance and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Recurrent Bladder Cancer.

Purpose: Bladder cancer treatment remains a major clinical challenge due to therapy resistance and a high recurrence rate. Profiling intratumor heterogeneity can reveal the molecular mechanism of bladder cancer recurrence.

Experimental Design: Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing and Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) on tumors from 13 patients with low recurrence risk, high recurrence risk, and recurrent bladder cancer.

CircCA12 Promotes Malignant Process via Sponging miR-1184 and Upregulating RAS Family in Bladder Cancer.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a panel of non-coding RNAs that mediate the regulation of gene expression, as well as pathological responses. Nonetheless, the function and expression pattern of circRNAs in urinary bladder cancer (UBC) remain unclear. Herein, we examined the function of circCA12 in UBC development.

Influence of Aging on Corrosion Behaviour of the 6061 Cast Aluminium Alloy.

The influence of AlFeSi and MgSi phases on corrosion behaviour of the cast 6061 aluminium alloy was investigated. Scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and in situ observations by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were used. It was found that MgSi phases were anodic relative to the matrix and dissolved preferentially without significantly affecting corrosion propagation.

The effectiveness of chemotherapy for patients with pT3N0M0 renal pelvic urothelial carcinomas: An inverse probability of treatment weighting comparison using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data.

Introduction: Unlike the established evidence to use chemotherapy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, presently there are insufficient data to inform a recommendation on upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma treatment. The prognosis for patients with stage T4 and positive lymph nodes is poor; however, primary tumors in the renal pelvis are associated with favorable prognoses compared to those located in the ureter. Our study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of chemotherapy in patients with pT3N0M0 renal pelvic urothelial carcinomas (RPUC) who have relative favorable prognosis.

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Differentiating Multiple System Atrophy Cerebellar Type and Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3.

Multiple system atrophy cerebellar type (MSA-C) and spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) demonstrate similar manifestations, including ataxia, pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs, as well as atrophy and signal intensity changes in the cerebellum and brainstem. MSA-C and SCA3 cannot be clinically differentiated through T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alone; therefore, clinical consensus criteria and genetic testing are also required. Here, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to measure water molecular diffusion of white matter and investigate the difference between MSA-C and SCA3.

A nomogram for individualized estimation of survival among adult patients with adrenocortical carcinoma after surgery: a retrospective analysis and multicenter validation study.

Background: Clinical outcome of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) varies because of its heterogeneous nature and reliable prognostic prediction model for adult ACC patients is limited. The objective of this study was to develop and externally validate a nomogram for overall survival (OS) prediction in adult patients with ACC after surgery.

Methods: Based on the data from the Surveillance Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, adults patients diagnosed with ACC between January 1988 and December 2015 were identified and classified into a training set, comprised of 404 patients diagnosed between January 2007 and December 2015, and an internal validation set, comprised of 318 patients diagnosed between January 1988 and December 2006.

The role of secreted Hsp90α in HDM-induced asthmatic airway epithelial barrier dysfunction.

Background: The dysfunction of airway epithelial barrier is closely related to the pathogenesis of asthma. Secreted Hsp90α participates in inflammation and Hsp90 inhibitor protects endothelial dysfunction. In the current study, we aimed to explore the role of secreted Hsp90α in asthmatic airway epithelial barrier function.

Prognostic Role of the Immunoscore for Patients with Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder Who Underwent Radical Cystectomy.

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that cancer progression is strongly influenced by the host immune response, which is represented by immune cell infiltrates. The T-lymphocyte-based Immunoscore is reported to be a reliable prognostic factor in colon cancer, but its significance in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) is at an early stage of exploration. This study aimed to determine whether the tumor immune infiltrate, as evaluated by the Immunoscore, could act as a useful prognostic marker for UCB patients who have undergone radical cystectomy (RC).

Overexpression of CEP72 Promotes Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Cell Aggressiveness via Epigenetic CREB-Mediated Induction of SERPINE1.

A vital constituent of the centrosome involved in regulating the activity of the organelle during the cell cycle is centrosomal protein (CEP)-72, whose function in the case of human cancer yet lacks clarity. The expression dynamics of CEP72 and its clinical impact were examined in a large cohort of bladder tissues. Several experiments at both the in vitro and in vivo levels on urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) cells were conducted to understand the role of this molecule along with the mechanisms.

Blockade of extracellular heat shock protein 90α by 1G6-D7 attenuates pulmonary fibrosis through inhibiting ERK signaling.

Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by lung fibroblast activation and ECM deposition and has a poor prognosis. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) participates in organ fibrosis, and extracellular Hsp90α (eHsp90α) promotes fibroblast activation and migration. This study aimed to investigate whether a selective anti-Hsp90α monoclonal antibody, 1G6-D7, could attenuate lung fibrosis and whether 1G6-D7 presents a protective effect by inactivating the profibrotic pathway.

Extracellular heat shock protein 90α mediates HDM-induced bronchial epithelial barrier dysfunction by activating RhoA/MLC signaling.

Background: The disruption and hyperpermeability of bronchial epithelial barrier are closely related to the pathogenesis of asthma. House dust mite (HDM), one of the most important allergens, could increase the airway epithelial permeability. Heat shock protein (Hsp) 90α is also implicated in the lung endothelial barrier dysfunction by disrupting RhoA signaling.

TSLP signaling blocking alleviates E-cadherin dysfunction of airway epithelium in a HDM-induced asthma model.

Recent studies have indicated that Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of asthma. However the role of TSLP in dysfunction of airway epithelial adherens junctions E-cadherin in house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma has not been addressed. We hypothesized that TSLP contributed to HDM-induced E-cadherin dysfunction in asthmatic BALB/c mice and 16HBE cells.

Distinct roles of short and long thymic stromal lymphopoietin isoforms in house dust mite-induced asthmatic airway epithelial barrier disruption.

Loss of airway epithelial integrity contributes significantly to asthma pathogenesis. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) may have dual immunoregulatory roles. In inflammatory disorders of the bowel, the long isoform of TSLP (lfTSLP) promotes inflammation while the short isoform (sfTSLP) inhibits inflammation.