A lineage 1 branch porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus live vaccine candidate provides broad cross-protection against HP-like PRRSV in piglets.

Multiple porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) subtypes coinfect numerous pig farms in China, and commercial PRRSV vaccines offer limited cross-protection against heterologous strains. Our previous research confirmed that a PRRSV lineage 1 branch attenuated live vaccine (SD-R) provides cross-protection against HP-PRRSV, NADC30-like PRRSV and NADC34-like PRRSV. HP-PRRSV has undergone significant genetic variation following nearly two decades of evolution and has transformed into a subtype referred to as HP-like PRRSV, which also exhibits high pathogenicity.

Lactic acid bacteria reduce bacterial diarrhea in rabbits via enhancing immune function and restoring intestinal microbiota homeostasis.

Background: Numerous previous reports have demonstrated the efficacy of Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in promoting growth and preventing disease in animals. In this study, Enterococcus faecium ZJUIDS-R1 and Ligilactobaciiius animalis ZJUIDS-R2 were isolated from the feces of healthy rabbits, and both strains showed good probiotic properties in vitro. Two strains (10CFU/ml/kg/day) were fed to weaned rabbits for 21 days, after which specific bacterial infection was induced to investigate the effects of the strains on bacterial diarrhea in the rabbits.

Improved detection sensitivity of anti-PRV variant antibodies through preparation of anti-gB and anti-gE monoclonal antibodies and development of blocking ELISAs.

Since 2011, PRV has resurged in China and is characterized by a mutated strain with significant alterations in antigenicity and virulence. Therefore, we hypothesized that antibody detection kits based on classic PRV strains may have limitations in detecting PRV variants. For more sensitive antibody detection of PRV variants, two MABs targeting the gB and gE proteins were developed.

Protective Efficacy of a Candidate Live-Attenuated Vaccine Derived from the SD-R Strain against NADC34-like Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus.

NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strains were first detected in China in 2017 and became major circulating strains in 2021. Our previous study showed that the live-attenuated vaccine candidate SD-R strain could provide broad cross-protection against different NADC30-like PRRSVs (sublineage 1.8).

Genomic characteristics of a novel emerging PRRSV branch in sublineage 8.7 in China.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has caused serious economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. During the continuous monitoring of PRRSV, a new PRRSV strain type with novel characteristics was first identified in three different regions of Shandong Province. These strains presented a novel deletion pattern (1 + 8 + 1) in the NSP2 region and belonged to a new branch in sublineage 8.

contributes to inguinal lymph node lesions in piglets after highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection.

The swine pathogens porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and have both been reported to cause damage to the immune organs. Inguinal lymph node (ILN) injury has been reported in PRRSV-infected pigs with secondary infection, but not much is known about the mechanism. In this study, secondary infection after highly pathogenic (HP)-PRRSV infection caused more severe clinical symptoms, mortality, and ILN lesions.

Genome-Wide Characterization of QYYZ-Like PRRSV During 2018-2021.

In the last decade, the emergence of QYYZ-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has attracted increasing attention due to the high incidence of PRRSV mutation and recombination. However, the endemic status and genomic characteristics of the QYYZ-like strains are unclear. From 2018 to October 2021, 24 QYYZ-like PRRSV isolates were obtained from 787 PRRSV-positive clinical samples.

Extensive genetic heterogeneity and molecular characteristics of emerging astroviruses causing fatal gout in goslings.

Since 2017, outbreaks of gosling astroviruses (GoAstV) causing the major symptoms related to gout in geese have posed a threat to China's poultry industry and caused huge economic losses. In this study, tissue samples from goslings with gout and urate deposition as the main symptoms were taken from 14 goose farms in different regions of China and screened for pathogen infection. The infection rate of GoAstV was 100%, whereas the infection rates of goose parvovirus, reovirus, Tembusu virus, and goose hemorrhagic polyomavirus were 2, 4, 0, and 0%, respectively.

Molecular characterization of the Gyrovirus galga 1 strain detected in various zoo animals: the first report from China.

Since 2011, the Gyrovirus galga 1 (GyVg1, previously recognized as avian gyrovirus 2) strain has extensively been detected worldwide. The virus has been identified in several species, including chickens, humans, domestic cats, and snakes, especially in China. Therefore, in this study, the presence of GyVg1 was investigated in various zoo animals to determine whether it exists in various species in Nanyang, China.

Generation of Premature Termination Codon (PTC)-Harboring Pseudorabies Virus (PRV) via Genetic Code Expansion Technology.

Despite many efforts and diverse approaches, developing an effective herpesvirus vaccine remains a great challenge. Traditional inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines always raise efficacy or safety concerns. This study used Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a swine herpes virus, as a model.

CRISPR-Cas13d Exhibits Robust Antiviral Activity Against Seneca Valley Virus.

In recent years, Seneca Valley virus (SVV) as a newly identified pathogen of porcine vesicular disease spread quickly and has posed a potential threat to the swine industry in several countries resulting in economic losses. Considering the evolution of SVV, attention should be given to controlling SVV epidemics. So far there are no commercial vaccines or drugs available to combat SVV.

Novel characteristics of Chinese NADC34-like PRRSV during 2020-2021.

NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strains were first detected in China in 2017, with epidemic potential. In this study, the phylogenetic, epidemic, and recombinant properties of NADC34-like PRRSV in China were evaluated comprehensively. From 2020 to October 2021, 82 NADC34-like PRRSV isolates were obtained from 433 PRRSV-positive clinical samples.

First Detection of NADC34-like PRRSV as a Main Epidemic Strain on a Large Farm in China.

The newly emerged sublineage 1.5 (NADC34-like) porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has posed a direct threat to the Chinese pig industry since 2018. However, the prevalence and impact of NADC34-like PRRSV on Chinese pig farms is unclear.

Tandem Mass Tag-Based Quantitative Proteomics and Virulence Phenotype of Hemolymph-Treated Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki Cells Reveal New Insights on Bacterial Pathogenesis in Insects.

The spore-forming bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) of the Bacillus cereus group uses toxin-opened breaches at the insect midgut epithelium to infest the hemolymph, where it can rapidly propagate despite antimicrobial host defenses and induce host death by acute septicemia. The response of Bt to host hemolymph and the latter's role in bacterial pathogenesis is an area that needs clarification. Here, we report a proteomic analysis of the Bt strain HD73 (Btk) hemolymph stimulon showing significant changes in 60 (34 up- and 26 downregulated) differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs).

MicroRNA ssc-miR-124a exhibits antiviral activity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus via suppression of host genes CD163.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a serious infectious disease in the swine industry, which causes severe economic losses to current swine production worldwide. There are no effective antiviral strategies for preventing this disease. Previous studies showed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important role in virus-host interactions.

Emergence of a novel recombinant USA/GBI29/2015-like strain of Seneca Valley virus in Guangdong Province, 2018.

Since June 2017, several outbreaks of a Seneca Valley virus (SVV) USA/GBI29/2015-like strain have emerged in pigs in China. In our study, we successfully isolated the SVV strain CH-GDZQ-2018, confirmed by immunofluorescence and Western blot assays. Phylogenetic and recombinant analyses showed that the USA/GBI29/2015-like CH-GDZQ-2018 strain was the result of recombination between epidemic strains local to Guangdong, showing that SVV has undergone evolution in China.

Characterization of two newly emerged torque teno sus virus isolates from a large-scale pig farm in China, in 2018.

Torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) infection is common in China's pig herd. Although of uncertain pathogenicity, TTSuVs have been reported as a worsening factor of other porcine diseases, including porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD), porcine respiratory diseases complex (PRDC) or porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS). To better understand the genetic diversity in TTSuVs, the complete genomes of two newly emerged isolates, referred to as HeN1-A9 and HeN1-A11, collected from pig samples at a large-scale pig farm in China, were analyzed.

Pathogenicity of NADC34-like PRRSV HLJDZD32-1901 isolated in China.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes a substantial economic loss to the swine industry. Recently, NADC34-like PRRSV was reported in the USA, China and Peru and consistently attributed to a large number of abortions in the clinic. In the USA, the pathogenicity of NADC34-like PRRSV in piglets is highly variable.

Identification of lncRNAs Involved in PCV2 Infection of PK-15 Cells.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) can cause severe disease in infected pigs, resulting in massive economic loss for the swine industry. Transcriptomic and proteomic approaches have been widely employed to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms of the PCV2 infection. Numerous differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins, together with their associated signaling pathways, have been identified during PCV2 infection, paving the way for analysis of their biological functions.

Genetic Diversity of Bovine Pestiviruses Detected in Backyard Cattle Farms Between 2014 and 2019 in Henan Province, China.

Bovine pestiviruses include (BVDV-1), (BVDV-2), and , which was originally called . We conducted an epidemiological investigation for pestiviruses circulating in backyard cattle farms in central China. RT-PCR assays and sequences analysis were conducted on 54 nasal swabs, 26 serum samples, and three lung samples from cattle with respiratory infections and identified 29 pestivirus strains, including 24 and five strains.

A potential endemic strain in China: NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.

Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes an economically important disease affecting commercial pork production worldwide. NADC34-like PRRSV has had a strong impact on the U.S.