[Comparison of four surgical procedures for the treatment of varicocele].

Objective: To compare the clinical effects of inguinal varicocelectomy, Palomo varicocelectomy,laparoscopic varicocelectomy, and microscopic varicocelectomy in the treatment of varicocele.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the pre- and post-operative clinical data about 318 cases of varicocele,108 treated by inguinal varicocelectomy,84 by Palomo varicocelectomy,68 by laparoscopic varicocelectomy, and 58 by microscopic varicocelectomy. We compared the operation time, hospital stay, pre- and post-operative sperm concentration and progressive motility, incidence of complications, rate of recurrence, and rate of sperm quality improvement among the four groups.

[Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy under ultrasound and X-ray guidance for treatment of complicated renal calculi].

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) under ultrasonic and X-ray guidance in the treatment of complicated renal calculi.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted among 36 patients undergoing MPCNL under ultrasonic and X-ray guidance for complicated renal calculi. The general clinical data, stone size, operative time, blood loss, complications and stone clearance rate were analyzed.