Delta magnetic resonance imaging radiomics features‑based nomogram predicts long‑term efficacy after induction chemotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Purpose: To establish and validate a delta-radiomics-based model for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) following induction chemotherapy (IC).

Methods And Materials: A total of 250 LA-NPC patients (training cohort: n = 145; validation cohort: n = 105) were enrolled. Radiomic features were extracted from MRI scans taken before and after IC, and changes in these features were calculated.

Prognostic value of lymph node-to-primary tumor ratio of PET standardized uptake value for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a recursive partitioning risk stratification analysis.

Background: Induction chemotherapy (IC) combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy has become the standard treatment for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC). Data on the prognostic value of the lymph node-to-primary tumor ratio (NTR) of positron emission tomography (PET) standardized uptake value (SUV) for patients treated with IC were limited.

Objectives: To evaluate the prognostic value of the SUV NTR for patients with LA-NPC treated with IC.

Radiomic signatures reveal multiscale intratumor heterogeneity associated with tissue tolerance and survival in re-irradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicenter study.

Background: Post-radiation nasopharyngeal necrosis (PRNN) is a severe adverse event following re-radiotherapy for patients with locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LRNPC) and associated with decreased survival. Biological heterogeneity in recurrent tumors contributes to the different risks of PRNN. Radiomics can be used to mine high-throughput non-invasive image features to predict clinical outcomes and capture underlying biological functions.

Radiation-induced nasopharyngeal ulcers after re-irradiation with intensity-modulated radiotherapy in locoregional recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: a dose-volume-outcome analysis.

Objective: To analyze the interrelation between radiation dose and radiation-induced nasopharyngeal ulcer (RINU) in locoregional recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).

Methods: Clinical data were collected from 363 patients with locoregional recurrent NPC who received re-irradiated with definitive IMRT from 2009 to 2017. Twenty-nine patients were diagnosed with RINU.

Prognostic nomograms for nasopharyngeal carcinoma with nodal features and potential indication for N staging system: Validation and comparison of seven N stage schemes.

Purpose: To identify the prognostic value of the nodal features, propose a nomogram-based N stage system and evaluate the performance of seven N stage schemes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.

Methods: Data from 1638 non-distant metastatic NPC patients were used to develop nomograms predicting 3-year and 5-year overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Based on nomogram and multivariate analyses, a new N-stage scheme was proposed.

Prognostic value of circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA level post-induction chemotherapy for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A recursive partitioning risk stratification analysis.

Background: To evaluate the prognostic value of plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA level post-induction chemotherapy (IC) for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: A total of 893 newly diagnosed NPC patients treated with IC were retrospectively reviewed. The recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) was performed to construct a risk stratification model.

Failure pattern and suggestions for target volume delineation of carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

Background: To review our long-term clinical experience, analyze the failure patterns, and give suggestions for target volume delineation of carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

Methods: From April 2008 to May 2019, 30 patients with CASTLE treated by postoperative or radical IMRT in our center were retrospectively reviewed. A total dose of 56-60 Gy in 28-30 fractions was prescribed to patients without residual disease and 66 Gy in 33 fractions for patients with residual or unresectable disease.

Hepatic resection prolongs overall survival in the selected patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma liver metastases.

Background: The role of surgery in nasopharyngeal carcinoma liver metastases (NCLM) remains elusive, and the current application is limited. We aim to investigate whether hepatic resection (HR) of NCLM improves survival compared with non-hepatic resection (NHR) treatment.

Methods: One hundred and thirty-three patients with NCLM from 2007 to 2017 were divided into two groups.

Dissecting the heterogeneity of the microenvironment in primary and recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinomas using single-cell RNA sequencing.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a 10-15% recurrence rate, while no long term or durable treatment options are currently available. Single-cell profiling in recurrent NPC (rNPC) may aid in designing effective anticancer therapies, including immunotherapies. For the first time, we profiled the transcriptomes of ∼60,000 cells from four primary NPC and two rNPC cases to provide deeper insights into the dynamic changes in rNPC within radiation fields.

Local control and failure patterns after intensity modulated radiotherapy with reduced target volume delineation after induction chemotherapy for patients with T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: The delineation of target volume after induction chemotherapy(IC) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) is currently controversial. In this study, we aimed to analyze the long-term local control(LC) and failure patterns of T4 NPC treated with reduced target volume radiotherapy after IC.

Methods: From September 2007 to January 2013, 145 patients with T4 NPC were retrospectively reviewed.

The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant epithelial tumor originating in the nasopharynx and has a high incidence in Southeast Asia and North Africa. To develop these comprehensive guidelines for the diagnosis and management of NPC, the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) arranged a multi-disciplinary team comprising of experts from all sub-specialties of NPC to write, discuss, and revise the guidelines. Based on the findings of evidence-based medicine in China and abroad, domestic experts have iteratively developed these guidelines to provide proper management of NPC.

International Recommendations on Reirradiation by Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy for Locally Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Purpose: Reirradiation for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is challenging because prior radiation dose delivered in the first course is often close to the tolerance limit of surrounding normal structures. A delicate balance between achieving local salvage and minimizing treatment toxicities is needed. However, high-level evidence is lacking because available reports are mostly retrospective studies on small series of patients.

Chemotherapy in Combination With Radiotherapy for Definitive-Intent Treatment of Stage II-IVA Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: CSCO and ASCO Guideline.

Purpose: The aim of this joint guideline is to provide evidence-based recommendations to practicing physicians and other healthcare providers on definitive-intent chemoradiotherapy for patients with stage II-IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) and ASCO convened an expert panel of radiation oncology, medical oncology, surgery, and advocacy representatives. The literature search included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials published from 1990 through 2020.

International Guideline on Dose Prioritization and Acceptance Criteria in Radiation Therapy Planning for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Purpose: The treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma requires high radiation doses. The balance of the risks of local recurrence owing to inadequate tumor coverage versus the potential damage to the adjacent organs at risk (OARs) is of critical importance. With advancements in technology, high target conformality is possible.

Dosimetry of the brain and hypothalamus predicting acute lymphopenia and the survival of glioma patients with postoperative radiotherapy.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate dosimetric factors for predicting acute lymphopenia and the survival of glioma patients with postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

Methods: A total of 148 glioma patients were reviewed. Acute lymphopenia was defined as a peripheral lymphocyte count (PLC) lower than 1.

Dosimetric predictors of temporal lobe injury after intensity-modulated radiotherapy for T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a competing risk study.

Background: In patients with T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), death may occur prior to the occurrence of temporal lobe injury (TLI). Because such competing risk death precludes the occurrence of TLI and thus the competing risk analysis should be applied to TLI research. The aim was to investigate the incidence and predictive factors of TLI after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) among T4 NPC patients.

The prognostic value of tumor depth for cervical lymph node metastasis in hypopharyngeal and supraglottic carcinomas.

Background: To analyze the prognostic value of the clinicopathological parameters of primary lesions for predicting cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with hypopharyngeal and/or supraglottic carcinoma.

Methods: We enrolled 127 patients with squamous cell carcinomas originating in the hypopharyngeal and/or supraglottic regions.

Results: Multivariate analysis identified the tumor depth as an independent predictive factor for lymph node metastasis (odds ratio, 4.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with/without induction chemotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Long-term results of phase 3 randomized controlled trial.

To report long-term results of a randomized controlled trial that compared cisplatin/fluorouracil/docetaxel (TPF) induction chemotherapy (IC) plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with CCRT alone in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Patients with stage III-IVB (except T3-4 N0) NPC were randomly assigned to receive IC plus CCRT (n = 241) or CCRT alone (n = 239). IC included three cycles of docetaxel (60 mg/m d1), cisplatin (60 mg/m d1), and fluorouracil (600 mg/m /d civ d1-5) every 3 weeks.

Impact of tumor dimensions and lymph node density on the survival of patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To analyze the potential variables affecting the survival of patients undergoing primary surgery for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Patients And Methods: Between August 2007 and December 2016, 93 patients with primary hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas undergoing radical surgery at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were reviewed. The clinicopathological features were analyzed retrospectively.

The prognostic value of preoperative prognostic nutritional index in patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective study.

Background: To analyze the prognostic value of preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in predicting the survival outcome of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) patients receiving radical surgery.

Methods: From March 2006 to August 2016, 123 eligible HPSCC patients were reviewed. The preoperative PNI was calculated as serum albumin (g/dL) × 10 + total lymphocyte count (mm) × 0.

International guideline for the delineation of the clinical target volumes (CTV) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Purpose: Target delineation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) often proves challenging because of the notoriously narrow therapeutic margin. High doses are needed to achieve optimal levels of tumour control, and dosimetric inadequacy remains one of the most important independent factors affecting treatment outcome.

Method: A review of the available literature addressing the natural behaviour of NPC and correlation between clinical and pathological aspects of the disease was conducted.

Effects of dosimetric inadequacy on local control and toxicities in the patients with T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma extending into the intracranial space and treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy plus chemotherapy.

Background: To protect neurological tissues, underdosing occurs in most cases of T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with intracranial extension. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of dosimetric inadequacy on local control and late neurological toxicities for patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plus chemotherapy.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients who had non-metastatic T4 NPC with intracranial extension treated between January 2009 and November 2013.