[Microscopic identification of dai medicine alpiniae kwangsiensis rhizoma and its confused species].

Objective: To observe microscopic characteristics of rhizome of Alpinia kwangsiensis, Alpinia platychilus, Alpinia blepharocalyx, and to provide basis for their identification.

Methods: Microscopic identification of root transverse section by paraffin tissue section and free-hand section and powder were carried out to distinguish them.

Results: The microscopic identification can be made by cell structure of epidermis and endodermis, the existence of nonglandular hair, the lignification degree of vascular bundle fiber, the number and existence style of vascular bundle fiber, the number and size of tube, and so on.

[Original plant identification of Dai nationality herb "Daibaijie"].

Objective: To identify the original plant of "Daibaijie", commonly used Dai herb.

Method: The literature review, morphology and anatomy, pharmacognosy, molecular biology, chemistry were used to analysis.

Result: Daibaijie's historical scientific name, Dregea sinensis Hemsl.

[Optimal extraction technology for genistein in Flemingia macrophylla with response surface method].

Objective: To optimize extraction techniques for genistein in Flemingia macrophylla by using response surface method.

Methods: Based on the single factor experiment, extraction temperature, extraction time and solvent ratio served as the response factor while the extraction rate of genistein served as the response value. Based on multiple linear regression and binomial expression, response surface method was employed to optimize the extracting process, and predicative analysis was conducted.

[Comparison of rattan microscopic characteristics of four Dai medicinal materials from Uncaria genus].

Objective: To establish microscopic identification standards for four species from Uncaria genus.

Methods: The microscopic characteristics of transvers section and powder of these four species rattan were observed.

Results: As for these four species from Uncaria genus, the microscopic identification of rattan transvers section could be made by the existence of cork cambium and pericycle in the cortex, and the location of phloem fiber and stone cells, while the powder identification could be made according to the existence of scalariform vessel and calcium oxalate crystal, and the quantity of stone cells.

Laevigatbenzoate from Croton laevigatus Vahl.

A new trans-clerodane diterpenoid, laevigatbenzoate (1), was isolated from the leaves of Croton laevigatus Vahl. Its structure was established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configuration was determined by application of the CD excitation chirality method. This compound showed weak cytotoxicity against HeLa cells, with an IC(50) value of 45.

Lactonecembranoids from Croton laevigatus.

Six new cembranoids, laevigatlactones A-F (1-6), and the known compound neocrotocembraneic acid (7) were isolated from leaves of Croton laevigatus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and that of 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Compound 2 exhibited modest cytotoxicity against HeLa cells, with an IC(50) value of 38.

Lactones from Angiopteris caudatiformis.

Angiopterlactones A (1) and B (2), two unique lactones, and three known lactones, osmundalactone (3), osmundalin (4), and 3,5-dihydroxy-gamma-caprolactone (5), have been isolated from the rhizome of Angiopteris caudatiformis. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by NMR and MS methods, and the structure of 2 was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were assigned by application of the CD excitation chirality method and the modified Mosher's method.

[Study on induction of polyploidy in Salvia bowleyana by colchicine treatment].

Objective: To explore the technique of induction of polyploidy in Salvia bowleyana by colchicine treatment.

Method: The three kinds of explant of bud, leaf and calli were induced by colchicine treatment.

Result: The induction effects were better when the calli was treated by colchicines (15 mg x L(-1)) and the leaf was pre-cultured for one week.