Predictive Value of the Hepatic Immune Predictive Index for Patients with Primary Liver Cancer Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved survival outcomes and resulted in long-term responses in primary liver cancer in some patients. Nevertheless, not all patients with PLC could benefit from immunotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to identify patients suitable for such therapy.

Use of computed tomography-derived body composition to determine the prognosis of patients with primary liver cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been used to successfully treat primary liver cancer (PLC); however, identifying modifiable patient factors associated with therapeutic benefits is challenging. Obesity is known to be associated with increased survival after ICI treatment; however, the relationship between body composition (muscle, fat) and outcomes is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between sarcopenia and CT-derived fat content and the prognosis of ICIs for the treatment of PLC.

Splenomegaly in predicting the survival of patients with advanced primary liver cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background & Aims: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) play an increasingly important role in the treatment of primary liver cancer (PLC). Some patients with PLC experience symptoms of splenomegaly. Splenomegaly may affect the efficacy of ICIs due to an imbalance of the immune microenvironment.

Lung metastasis and lymph node metastasis are risk factors for hyperprogressive disease in primary liver cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: At present, some cancer patients experience hyperprogressive disease (HPD) after receiving immunotherapy. This study used the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1 to evaluate the incidence of HPD in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for treating primary liver cancer (PLC) and to explore the risk factors for HPD.