The Bacteria-Derived dsRNA Was Used for Spray-Induced Gene Silencing for Rice False Smut Control.

False smut caused by is one of the most destructive diseases in rice. The disease is primarily controlled with fungicides, leading to the development of fungicide resistance. Although spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) has been utilized for disease management, it has not been applied to control rice false smut.

The Mediator complex subunit MoMed15 plays an important role in conferring sensitivity to isoprothiolane by modulating xenobiotic metabolism in .

Rice blast caused by is one of the most economically important rice diseases. Fungicides such as isoprothiolane (IPT) have been used extensively for rice blast control, but resistance to IPT in is an emerging threat. In this study, molecular mechanisms of resistance in IPT-resistant mutants were identified.

Characterization and Fungicide Sensitivity of Causing Gnomonia Leaf Blotch of Strawberry in the Carolinas.

Emerging fungal pathogens have always been an issue of concern in southeastern U.S. strawberry production.

Visual detection of fungicide resistance by combining RPA and CRISPR/Cas12a in peach Brown rot fungus Monilinia fructicola.

Background: Peach brown rot caused by Monilinia fructicola severely affects the quality and yield of peach, resulting in large economic losses worldwide. Methyl benzimidazole carbamate (MBC) fungicides and sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides are among the most applied chemical classes used to control the disease but resistance in the target pathogen has made them risky choices. Timely monitoring of resistance to these fungicides in orchards could prevent control failure in practice.

Fungicide resistance in Colletotrichum fructicola and Colletotrichum siamense causing peach anthracnose in China.

Peach is one of the popular and economically important fruit crops in China. Peach cultivation is hampered due to attacks of anthracnose disease, causing significant economic losses. Colletotrichum fructicola and Colletotrichum siamense belong to the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex and are considered major pathogens of peach anthracnose.

Metabolites Reduce Expression and Yield Synergistic Efficacy in Mixture with Reduced Rates of Propiconazole Against DMI-Resistant Isolates.

Brown rot caused by is one of the most important diseases affecting peach production in the southeastern United States. Management often involves the use of demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides, but efficacy can be compromised because of overexpression of the gene encoding the 14α-demethylase of the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. This study aimed to investigate the influence of the biorational fungicide Howler EVO containing ASF009 metabolites on the expression of in and associated synergy with a DMI fungicide for control of DMI-resistant strains.

Bioproducts of Suppress DMI Fungicide-Induced and Gene Expression in and Generate Synergistic Effects with Metconazole and Propiconazole.

Mixtures of fungicides with different modes of action are commonly used as disease and resistance management tools, but little is known of mixtures of natural and synthetic products. In this study, mixtures of metabolites from the rhizobacterium strain ASF009 formulated as Howler EVO with below-label rates (50 µg/ml) of conventional sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides were investigated for control of anthracnose of cherry () caused by . Howler mixed with metconazole or propiconazole synergistically reduced disease severity through lesion growth.

Melatonin targets MoIcl1 and works synergistically with fungicide isoprothiolane in rice blast control.

Melatonina natural harmless molecule-displays versatile roles in human health and crop disease control such as for rice blast. Rice blast, caused by the filamentous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is one devastating disease of rice. Application of fungicides is one of the major measures in the control of various crop diseases.

Mitochondrial Inner Membrane ABC Transporter Bcmdl1 Is Involved in Conidial Germination, Virulence, and Resistance to Anilinopyrimidine Fungicides in Botrytis cinerea.

Botrytis cinerea causes gray mold on thousands of plants, leading to huge losses in production. Anilinopyrimidine (AP) fungicides have been applied to control B. cinerea since the 1990s.

The velvet family proteins mediate low resistance to isoprothiolane in Magnaporthe oryzae.

Isoprothiolane (IPT) resistance has emerged in Magnaporthe oryzae, due to the long-term usage of IPT to control rice blast in China, yet the mechanisms of the resistance remain largely unknown. Through IPT adaptation on PDA medium, we obtained a variety of IPT-resistant mutants. Based on their EC50 values to IPT, the resistant mutants were mainly divided into three distinct categories, i.

Site-directed transformants with E407K substitution in Bcmdl1 possesses different fitness from field anilinopyrimidine resistant isolates with E407K mutation in Botrytis cinerea.

Botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of devastating disease gray mold on numerous crops worldwide. To control gray mold, anilinopyrimidine (AP) fungicides have been widely applied since the 1990s. However, the development of resistance in B.

One-Pot Assay for Rapid Detection of Benzimidazole Resistance in by Combining RPA and CRISPR/Cas12a.

High resistance to benzimidazole fungicides in is caused by the point mutation E198K of the β-tubulin () gene. Traditional methods for detection of fungicide resistance are time-consuming, which are routinely based on tedious operation, reliance on expensive equipment, and specially trained people. Therefore, it is important to establish efficient methods for field detection of benzimidazole resistance in to make suitable management strategies and ensure food safety.

Genetic diversity of populations from different hosts and geographic regions in China.

, the causal agent of scab disease of peach, mume, and apricot, is widely distributed around the world. Scab of stone fruits is an important disease in China. However, little is known about the population biology and genetic diversity of the .

Gap-Free Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genomes of JS60-2, a Fungal Pathogen Causing Rice False Smut.

Rice false smut (RFS), caused by , has become a major disease in recent years, and mycotoxins produced by often threaten food safety. To study fungal pathogenesis and identify potential targets for developing new fungicides, gap-free nuclear and complete mitochondrial genomes of JS60-2 were sequenced and assembled. Using the second and third generation sequencing data, we assembled a 38.

Species Associated with Anthracnose Disease of Watermelon () in China.

species are important plant pathogens, causing anthracnose in virtually every crop grown throughout the world. However, little is known about the species that infect watermelon. A total of 526 strains were isolated from diseased watermelon samples of eight major watermelon growing provinces in China.

Benzimidazole-Resistant Isolates with E198A/V/K Mutations in the β-Tubulin Gene Possess Different Fitness and Competitive Ability in .

Previous studies in showed that resistance to methyl benzimidazole carbamates (MBCs) was mainly related to E198A/V/K and F200Y mutations of the β-tubulin gene, and E198V was the dominant mutation in the resistant subpopulation in Hubei Province of China, indicating that resistant mutations might influence fitness. However, little is known about the effect of each E198A/V/K mutation on fitness. In this study, the fitness and competitive ability of isolates with E198A/V/K mutations were investigated.

Transcriptomic Analysis of Resistant and Wild-Type Isolates Revealed Fludioxonil as a Candidate for Controlling the Emerging Isoprothiolane Resistant Populations of .

The point mutation R343W in MoIRR, a putative ZnCys transcription factor, introduces isoprothiolane (IPT) resistance in . However, the function of MoIRR has not been characterized. In this study, the function of MoIRR was investigated by subcellular localization observation, transcriptional autoactivation test, and transcriptomic analysis.

Species Associated with Peaches in China.

is regarded as one of the 10 most important genera of plant pathogens in the world. It causes diseases in a wide range of economically important plants, including peaches. China is the largest producer of peaches in the world but little is known about the spp.

Identification, Genetic Diversity, and Chemical Control of pv. in China.

Peach bacterial spot caused by pv. has become widespread in most peach-producing areas of China and has caused devastating losses to the peach industry. However, little is known about the population biology and epidemiology of pv.

Identification of Species in Tibet and Characterization of in China.

Samples of peach and plum fruits with brown rot symptoms were collected from Tibet in 2019 and 2020, and the causal agent was identified as , which represents the first characterization of spp. on peach and plum in Tibet. Morphological investigation showed that some conidia from naturally diseased fruits were larger than those observed in previously isolated .

Cytological Observation of the Infectious Process of on Peach Leaves.

Peach scab caused by is one of the most destructive fungal diseases of peach worldwide, and it seriously affects peach production. Until now,the infectious process and pathogenesis of on peach have remained unclear. Here we present the infection behavior of at the ultrastructural and cytological levels in peach leaves with combined microscopic investigations (i.

Sensitivity of to Six Fungicides and Characterization of Fludioxonil-Resistant Isolates in China.

is the dominant species causing anthracnose disease of peach in China. In this study, 140 isolates of were assessed for their sensitivity to six fungicides. It was found that was highly resistant to carbendazim, procymidone, and boscalid but sensitive to pyraclostrobin and prochloraz.

Sensitivity of from China to Five Fungicides and Characterization of Carbendazim-Resistant Isolates.

Peach scab is a fungal disease caused by that can significantly reduce peach yield and quality. Fungicide application is the main control measure for peach scab worldwide. To better understand the fungicide-resistance status and devise suitable management strategies, the sensitivity of 135 single-spore isolates to the commonly used fungicides carbendazim, iprodione, propiconazole, azoxystrobin, and boscalid were determined using a microtiter plate test method.

Sensitivity of and of Peach in China to Multiple Classes of Fungicides and Characterization of Pyraclostrobin-Resistant Isolates.

Anthracnose, mainly caused by species complex including and , is a devastating disease of peach. Chemical control has been widely used for years, but management failures have increased with the commonly used fungicides. Therefore, screening of sensitivity of spp.