Dobinin K Displays Antiplasmodial Activity through Disruption of Mitochondria and Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species.

Dobinin K is a novel eudesmane sesquiterpenoids compound isolated from the root of and displays potential antiplasmodial activity in vivo. Here, we evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of dobinin K in vitro and study its acting mechanism. The antiplasmodial activity of dobinin K in vitro was evaluated by concentration-, time-dependent, and stage-specific parasite inhibition assay.

Dibenzofurans from nature: Biosynthesis, structural diversity, sources, and bioactivities.

Dibenzofurans are a small class of natural products with versatile biological activities that used to be thought to come mainly from lichens and ascomycetes. In fact, they are also distributed widely in higher plants, especially in the families Rosaceae and Myrtaceae. Dibenzofurans and derivatives from lichens and ascomycetes have been well reviewed, but dibenzofurans from all biological sources in nature have not been reviewed.

Crystal structure of phloridzin and its distribution changes in flowering and fruiting stage of .

The exact structure of phloridzin was further confirmed as phloretin 6'--glucopyranoside by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiment. The distribution changes of phloridzin in flowering, fruitlet, and fruit ripening phases of were quantified by an HPLC with an external standard. The concentrations of phloridzin in leaves, twigs, and bark and xylem of twigs increased at first and then decreased, and reached the highest value in the fruitlet period.

Diversified cassane family diterpenoids from the leaves of Caesalpinia minax exerting anti-neuroinflammatory activity through suppressing MAPK and NF-κB pathways in BV-2 microglia.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Caesalpinia minax Hance, whose seeds are known as "Ku-shi-lian" in China, have been used in Chinese folk medicine for treatment of rheumatism, dysentery, and skin itching. However, the anti-neuroinflammatory constituents of its leaves and their mechanism are rarely reported.

Aim Of The Study: To search for new anti-neuro-inflammatory compounds from the leaves of C.

Discovery of diversified cassane diterpenoids as potent antibacterial agents from Caesaplinia pulcherrima and their mechanisms.

Background: Natural products play a significant role in the development of novel bactericide candidates. Caesalpinia pulcherrima, a traditional medicine, had anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antifeedant activities, therefore the previous bioassay results of C. pulcherrima implied that its main active ingredients may have potential to be used as botanical bactericides.

Farnesane sesquiterpenoids from and their anti- activities.

Two new farnesane sesquiterpenoid glycosides, rubusdelosides A and B ( and ), together with five known farnesane sesquiterpenoids (, , and -), and two known meroterpenoids ( and ), were isolated from water extract of the herbs of . Their structures were identified by the comprehensive analyses of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data (NMR and HR-ESI-MS). Compounds - showed moderate anti- activities.

Flavonoids from Scutellaria likiangensis Diels and their antimalarial activities.

Two new flavonoid glycosides scutelikiosides A and B (13 and 23), along with twenty-one known compounds from the 75% ethanol extract of roots of Scutellaria likiangensis Diels. Their structures were determined by the comprehensive analyses of the spectroscopic data (1D NMR, 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and CD) and physicochemical properties. Compounds 4-14, 17-19, 21, and 22 were evaluated for their in vivo antimalarial activities against Plasmodium yoelii BY265RFP in mice.

Antinociceptive effect of ethanolic extract of Bauhinia brachycarpa Benth on neuropathic pain model induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The plant Bauhinia brachycarpa Benth (BBB) has been traditionally used for treating muscle aches such as bone pain, and neuralgia for a long time, on account of its sedative and antinociceptive activities in Yunnan province of China. However, there was no experimental evidence to confirm its traditional medicinal use.

Aim Of The Study: The antinociceptive effect and possible mechanism of ethanolic extract of BBB on neuropathic pain was evaluated through a model of partial sciatic nerve ligation in mice.

Dibenzofurans from and their lipid-lowering activity.

Three new dibenzofurans, 2-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxydibenzofuran (), 2,8-dihydroxy-3,4,9-trimethoxydibenzofuran () and 2-hydroxy-3,4,6,8-tetramethoxydibenzofuran (), together with three known dibenzofurans 1-hydroxy-2,3,4-trimethoxydibenzofuran (), 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxydibenzofuran () and 1,6-dihydroxy-2,3,4-trimethoxydibenzofuran (), were isolated from the twigs and leaves of . Their structures were identified by the comprehensive analyses of the physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data (NMR and HR-ESI-MS). Compounds showed significant lipid-lowering activities, especially compound was stronger than simvastatin.

Phloridzin Highly Accumulated in Malus rockii Rehder and Its Structure Revision and Hypolipidemic Activity.

Phloridzin is a lead compound of the prestigious antidiabetic gliflozins. The present study found that phloridzin highly accumulated in Rehder. The content of phloridzin in was the highest among wild plants, with the percentage of 15.

Sesquiterpenoids and their glycosides from Dobinea delavayi (Baill.) Baill.

Eight undescribed sesquiterpenoids, including two eudesmane glycosides dobinosides A and B, five eudesmane aglycones dobinins Q-U, and one germacrane dobinin P, were isolated from the 80% ethanol extract of roots of Dobinea delavayi. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data (1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Dobinoside A, dobinins Q and R, as well as six reported eudesmane sesquiterpenoids, were evaluated for their in vivo antimalarial activities against Plasmodium yoelii BY265RFP in mice.

Four new phenolic glycosides from .

Three new benzophenone glycosides, 2---D-glucopyranosyl-6,3',4'-trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (), 4'---D-glucopyranosyl-2,4,6,3'-tetramethoxybenzophenone () and 2---D-glucopyranosyl-4'-hydroxy-6-methylbenzophenone (), and a new flavonoid glycoside 5'-hydroxyombuoside (), along with three known phenolic glycosides 4---D-glucopyranosyl-2,6,4'-trihydroxybenzophenone (), mangiferin (), and ombuoside (), were isolated from the 80% ethanol extract of roots of . Their structures were determined by the comprehensive analyses of the physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data (1D NMR, 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS). Cytotoxicity and antimalarial activity of compounds , , , , and were evaluated by MTT colorimetric assay and -hematin formation inhibition assay, respectively.

Immunostimulatory 6/6/6/6 Tetracyclic Triterpenoid Saponins with the Methyl-30 Incorporated Cyclization from the Root of .

Two novel triterpenoid saponins, colqueleganoids A () and B (), with the first methyl-30 incorporated 6/6/6/6-cyclized carbon skeleton (named colquelegane), were isolated from the root of . Their structures including absolute configuration were determined by spectroscopic methods and X-ray crystallographic analyses. Interestingly, both compounds significantly enhanced TNF-α production and also increased the IL-6 production in RAW264.

Immunosuppressive and Adipogenesis Inhibitory Sesterterpenoids with a Macrocyclic Ether System from .

Eurysoloids A () and B (), two novel diastereomeric sesterterpenoids possessing a pentacyclic 5/6/5/10/5 framework with an unusual macrocyclic ether system, were isolated from Prain. Their structures were unambiguously determined by spectroscopic, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and DP4+ analyses. A plausible biosynthetic pathway for compounds and was proposed.

A new prenylated coumestan from the roots of .

A new prenylated coumestan, campylohirtin A (), along with fifteen phenolic known compounds () and four other known compounds (), was obtained from the 95% ethanol extract of roots of . Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis (1 D and 2 D-NMR, MS, UV and IR). antimalarial activities of compounds -, - and were evaluated by -hematin formation inhibition assay.

Bioactive hydroxypropionylated glucose derivatives from .

Four previously undescribed hydroxypropionylated d-glucose derivatives, astrabhotins A-D (-), along with ten known compounds -d-glucose (), -d-glucose (), quebrachitol (), 3-hydroxypropionic acid (), oleic acid (), isoliquiritigenin (), liquiritigenin (), odoratin (), 7-hydroxysitosterol () and daucosterol (), were isolated from the roots of . Their structures were elucidated based on the analyses of extensive spectroscopic data and physicochemical properties. Astrabhotin A () reduced the writhing response remarkably with 52.

Antimalarial Eudesmane Sesquiterpenoids from .

Eleven new angeloylated eudesmane sesquiterpenoids, dobinins D-N (, , , , , , and -), and four known compounds (, , , and ) were isolated from the roots of . A new oxidation product () was also obtained from dobinin H (). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.

Unusual glycosidic labdane diterpenoids with cytotoxicity from the root of Phlomoides betonicoides.

Chemical investigation on the root of Phlomoides betonicoides led to the isolation of six undescribed diterpenoid glycosides, phlomoidesides A-F, along with two known ones using various chromatographic techniques. The structures of these compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses (including 1D, 2D-NMR and HRMS), single crystal X-ray diffraction, and calculated C NMR. The glycoside modifications of phlomoidesides A-F are rare in natural products, and a plausible biosynthetic pathway for these unusual glycosides was proposed.

A New Antimalarial Noreudesmane Sesquiterpenoid from Dobinea delavayi.

One previously undescribed angeloylated noreudesmane sesquiterpenoid, dobinin O (1), along with four known eudesmane sesquiterpenoids (2-5) were isolated from the peeled roots of Dobinea delavayi. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analyses. In addition, compound 1 exhibited moderate antimalarial activity against Plasmodium yoelii BY265RFP with the inhibition ratio of 17.

Dodelates A-E: Five dimeric eudesmane sesquiterpenoids from Dobinea delavayi.

Dodelates A-E (1-5), five angeloylated eudesmane sesquiterpenoid dimers were isolated from the roots of Dobinea delavayi. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. A possible biosynthetic pathway of these five compounds was proposed.

Two new 8-isopentenyl isoflavane derivatives from diels.

Astragali Radix (Huangqi) is one of the well-known traditional Chinese medicines and has been used in China for more than two thousand years. As a close species, Diels was found to possess cytotoxicity during our preliminary study of plants from Yunnan Province, China. To better understand the chemical foundation of the cytotoxicity, the major constituents of .

A new lignan glycoside from .

A new lignan glycoside, astrayunoside A (), along with eight known compounds (), were obtained from the methanol extract of roots of . All the compounds were obtained from for the first time. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis (1D and 2D-NMR, MS, UV, CD, and IR).

Astrernestin, a novel aurone-phenylpropanoid adduct from the roots of .

has been used as a substitute for Radix Astragali (Huang-Qi) in southwest China. To better understand the chemical rationale for the medicinal usage, the phytochemistry of . was recently studied.

New abietane diterpenoid glucosides from underground parts of .

Two new abietane diterpenoid glucosides, talienosides A and B ( and ), along with four known compounds (-), were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble portion of 70% acetone extract of the underground parts of . Their structures were elucidated based on the analyses of extensive spectroscopic data and physicochemical properties. The two new compounds were tested for their bioactivities against malaria and diabetes by β-hematin formation inhibition and α-glycosidase inhibition experiments, respectively.

New Bioactive Macrocyclic Diterpenoids from Euphorbia helioscopia.

Three new macrocyclic diterpenoids, euphoscopoids A - C (1 - 3), including two new jatrophanes and a new lathyrane, were isolated from the whole plant of Euphorbia helioscopia. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Antifeedant and cytotoxic activities of these isolates were evaluated.