Interrupting Associative π-σ-π Isomerization Enables -Retentive Asymmetric Tsuji-Trost Reaction.

The asymmetric Tsuji-Trost reaction has been extensively studied due to its importance in establishing stereogenic centers, often adjacent to an -olefin moiety in organic molecules. The generally preferential formation of chiral -olefin products is believed to result from the thermodynamically more stable -π-allylpalladium intermediate. The rapid associative π-σ-π isomerization makes it challenging to synthesize chiral -olefin products via the transient -π-allylpalladium intermediate.

Melatonin ameliorates -associated chondrodysplasias by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis of chondrocytes.

Although the pathogenesis and mechanism of congenital skeletal dysplasia are better understood, progress in drug development and intervention research remains limited. Here we report that melatonin treatment elicits a mitigating effect on skeletal abnormalities caused by deficiency. In addition to our previous finding of endoplasmic reticulum stress upon deficiency, we found calcium (Ca) overload jointly contributed to -associated chondrodysplasias.

Post-traumatic stress disorder-induced behavioral modulation by the medial septum-medial habenula neural pathway.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by anxiety, excessive fear, distress, and weakness as symptoms of a psychiatric disorder. However, the mechanism associated with its symptoms such as anxiety-like behaviors is not well understood. It is aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the medial septum (MS)-medial habenula (MHb) neural circuit modulating the anxiety-like behaviors of PTSD mice through in vivo fiber photometry recording, optogenetics, behavioral testing by open-field and elevated plus maze, fluorescent gold retrograde tracer technology, and viral tracer technology.

Construction of a prognostic model based on disulfidptosis-related genes and identification of CCNA2 as a novel biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Disulfidptosis, identified as an innovative form of cellular death subsequent to cuproptosis, is currently under investigation for its mechanisms in oncological contexts. In-depth analyses exploring the relationship between disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are currently limited.

Methods: Transcriptomic data and clinical information were retrieved from the TCGA and GEO databases (GSE76427 and GSE54236), concentrating on the expression levels of 24 DRGs.

Deep Learning-based Segmentation of Cervical Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Ossification in CT Images and Assessment of Spinal Cord Compression: A Two-center Study.

Objective: This study aims to develop a fully automated, CT-based deep learning（DL） model to segment ossified lesions of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and to measure the thickness of the ossified material and calculate the cervical spinal cord compression factor.

Materials And Methods: A total of 307 patients were enrolled, with 260 patients from Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, And 47 patients from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University. CT images were used to manually segment the OPLL by four experienced radiologists.

Diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism without Discontinuation of Interfering Antihypertensive Medications.

Purpose Of Review: One of the challenges in the diagnosis and management of primary aldosteronism (PA), the most common type of secondary hypertension with curative potential, is the modification of antihypertensive medications. We seek to explore whether these medications can be continued during the diagnostic process of PA to minimize the duration and risks associated with medication adjustments.

Recent Findings: We searched PubMed for eligible original literature between 1990 and 2024 using the following keywords: (screening) AND (primary aldosteronism); (confirmatory) AND (primary aldosteronism); (adrenal vein sampling) AND primary aldosteronism).

Outcomes of Intraoperative Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction After Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Single-Arm, Phase 1 Trial From the Chinese National Cancer Center.

Background: The role of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) for adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) remains uncertain. Therefore, a prospective phase 1 trial was conducted to assess the safety and feasibility of IORT for locally advanced AEG.

Methods: The study enrolled patients with AEG at stages II-IVA from January 2019 to September 2019.

Interleukin 15-Presenting Nanovesicles with Doxorubicin-Loaded Ferritin Cores for Cancer Immunochemotherapy.

Interleukin 15 (IL15) is crucial for fostering the survival and proliferation of nature killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), playing a pivotal role in tumor control. However, IL15 supplementary therapy encounters challenges such as systemic inflammation and non-specific stimulation of cancer cells. Herein, a nanovesicle termed DoxFILN, comprising a membrane presenting IL15/IL15 receptor α complexes (IL15c) and a core of doxorubicin-loaded ferritin (Dox-Fn) are reported.

The wavelet transform assisted laser-induced fluorescence detector with high sensitivity.

A wavelet transform assisted laser-induced fluorescence detector with high sensitivity was developed and evaluated. An unconventional microscope objective with a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.5 and a working distance (WD) of 4.

Development and validation of a comprehensive predictive model for surgical planning in patients with renal cell carcinoma and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus.

Objective: To investigate preoperative predictors for selecting different surgical approaches in patients with renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombus (RCC-IVCTT), and to establish and validate corresponding predictive models.

Methods: Clinical data of 583 RCC-IVCTT patients were retrospectively analyzed. Of these, 465 cases were used to construct predictive models, and 118 cases were used for validation.

Deep learning model for automated diagnosis of moyamoya disease based on magnetic resonance angiography.

Background: This study explores the potential of the deep learning-based convolutional neural network (CNN) to automatically recognize MMD using MRA images from atherosclerotic disease (ASD) and normal control (NC).

Methods: In this retrospective study in China, 600 participants (200 MMD, 200 ASD and 200 NC) were collected from one institution as an internal dataset for training and 60 from another institution were collected as external testing set for validation. All participants were divided into training (N = 450) and validation sets (N = 90), internal testing set (N = 60), and external testing set (N = 60).

Bidirectional Mendelian randomization links gut microbiota to primary biliary cholangitis.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and gut microbiota (GM) are epidemiologically correlated but the causal inter-relationships remain poorly understood. We aim to explore the causal relationships between GM and PBC. Using the MiBioGen consortium, GWAS data for GM at the species level and the largest publicly available PBC GWAS data to date, we performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization by the inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted model and MR-PRESSO to elucidate the potential causal role of GM in PBC.

Optimizing food waste bioconversion with sodium selenite-enhanced Lucilia sericata maggots: a sustainable approach for chicken feed production and heavy metal mitigation.

Recycling food waste by feeding it to insects can result in the continuous production of high-quality animal feed protein and organic fertilizer. However, the bioconversion efficiency and safety of using insects as feed protein for animal breeding are important factors limiting the development of this technology. Therefore, we aimed to optimize the efficiency of bioconversion of food waste using Lucilia sericata maggot (LSM).

DOT1L protects against podocyte injury in diabetic kidney disease through phospholipase C-like 1.

Background: Podocyte injury causes proteinuria and accelerates glomerular sclerosis during diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like (DOT1L), an evolutionarily conserved histone methyltransferase, has been reported in preventing kidney fibrosis in chronic kidney disease models. However, whether DOT1L exerts beneficial effects in diabetes induced podocyte injury and the underlying molecular mechanisms need further exploration.

Design of Anti-Hund Organic Emitters Based on Heptazine.

Hund's rule, which is powerful in governing the first excited states of closed-shell organic materials, can hardly be violated to get inverted singlet-triplet gap (INVEST) molecules with negative singlet-triplet energy gaps (Δ), although INVEST materials have shown extraordinary photophysical properties and promising device performance especially in light-emitting diodes. Here, we propose a facile strategy to construct emissive INVEST molecules by introducing different types of substituents to heptazine in various modes, which can effectively tune the Δ to be negative with the enlarged oscillator strength () for the high fluorescence rate of the heptazine derivatives. Systematic computational studies show that the double substitution of electron-donating units with another nonconjugated substituent in hybrid substitution mode is the most favorable way in achieving slightly negative Δ and large values; the conjugated substituent will compete with heptazine to make the molecule deviate from the INVEST feature.

Development of a prognostic model for predicting long-term visual acuity after cataract surgery in children with bilateral congenital cataracts: a single centre retrospective, observational study.

Background: To evaluate factors influencing best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in paediatric patients with bilateral congenital cataracts (CC) after cataract extraction and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, as well as develop a robust model for predicting long-term visual acuity.

Methods: This retrospective study followed 194 paediatric patients with bilateral CC from January 2008 to December 2021. The endpoint event was defined as a final BCVA < 0.

Amelioration of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by exogenous soluble PD-L1 is associated with restraining dendritic cell maturation and CCR7-mediated migration.

Dendritic cells (DCs) orchestrate both immune activation and immune tolerance in multiple sclerosis (MS). Manipulating the phenotypes and functions of DCs to boost their tolerogenic potential is an appealing strategy for treating MS and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) delivers the immunoinhibitory signals by interacting with PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), which plays a critical role in maintaining immune tolerance.

A Multi-Feature Fusion Method for Life Prediction of Automotive Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Based on TCN-GRU.

The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is a fast-developing battery technology, and the key to its reliability and lifespan improvement lies in the accurate assessment of durability. However, the degradation mechanism of the PEMFC is hard to determine and its internal parameters are highly coupled. Thus, the development of a more accurate life prediction model that meets the actual scenarios is to be investigated urgently.

Cabozantinib-encapsulated and maytansine-conjugated high-density lipoprotein for immunotherapy in colorectal cancer.

Advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) responds poorly to current adjuvant therapies, partially due to its immunosuppressive intestinal microenvironment. We found that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were enriched in orthotopic tumors due to treatment-induced succinate release, which activated tuft cells and upregulated interleukin 25 (IL-25) and interleukin 13 (IL-13). We engineered a cabozantinib (Cabo)-encapsulated and maytansine (DM1)-conjugated synthetic high-density lipoprotein (CD-sHDL) to modulate the tumor microenvironment.

PDIA2 is associated with the prognosis of prostate cancer, and downregulation of PDIA2 delays the progression of prostate cancer cells.

Protein Disulfide-Isomerase A2 (PDIA2) is a gene that encodes proteins, responsible for protein folding and modification within cells. The development and course of many disorders are intimately linked to the aberrant expression of PDIA2. Nevertheless, more research is necessary to fully understand PDIA2's biological significance in pan-cancer, notably in prostate cancer (PCa).