Involvement of lncRNA MIR205HG in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and IL-33 regulation via Alu elements.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) causes remodeling of the distal lung. Pulmonary remodeling is histologically characterized by fibrosis, as well as appearance of basal cells; however, the involvement of basal cells in IPF remains unclear. Here, we focus on the long noncoding RNA MIR205HG, which is highly expressed in basal cells, using RNA sequencing.

Annotation-free genetic mutation estimation of thyroid cancer using cytological slides from multi-centers.

Thyroid cancer is the most common form of endocrine malignancy and fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is a reliable method for clinical diagnosis. Identification of genetic mutation status has been proved efficient for accurate diagnosis and prognostic risk stratification. In this study, a dataset with thyroid cytological images of 310 indeterminate (TBS3 or 4) and 392 PTC (TBS5 or 6) was collected.

Postoperative Weight Loss After Antiobesity Medications and Revision Risk After Joint Replacement.

Importance: The 2023 American College of Rheumatology and American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons Clinical Practice Guideline concluded that obesity alone should not delay joint replacement. Therefore, a substantially increased utilization of joint replacement among patients with obesity could be expected. However, patients with obesity are at increased risk of revision, posing unique challenges as the surgery is complex and costly, and it remains unknown whether postoperative weight loss could decrease the risk of revision.

Unveiling the Roles of Lattice Strain by Ni Exsolution on Photothermal Reduction of CO Activity in BaTiO Catalyst.

The lattice strain influences crystal orientation, facets exposed to external light, and atom rearrangement strongly to affect catalytic activity. However, how to rationally design a metal-oxide heterojunction catalyst with featuring lattice strain is a great challenge. Herein, a facile method is adopted to induce lattice strain upon in situ exsolution of Ni nanoparticles from BaTiNiO (BTNO) perovskite oxide, hereby enhancing the photothermal reduction of CO.

Revealing the chemical compatibility of common solvents and electrolytes with MoTiC-based MXenes and their interfaces in aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) through first-principles molecular dynamics simulations.

Using the first-principles molecular dynamics simulations and CI-NEB calculations, we performed a systematic and comprehensive investigation on the chemical compatibility of various solvents (carbonate esters, aromatic solvents, ethers, carboxylic esters, water, DMSO and ionic liquids) and electrolytes (DMC-Al(OTF), DME-Al(OTF), GBL-Al(OTF), HO-Al(SO), DMSO-Al(OTF), [EMIm]Cl-[AlCl] and urea-AlCl) with MoTiC-based MXenes, evaluating their possible use as solvents, additives and electrolytes in aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs). Among the investigated solvents, carbonate ester (DMC), chain ether (DME), aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene), chain carboxylic ester (GBL), DMSO, ionic liquids ([EMIm]Cl, [DMPI]Cl and [BMP]Cl) and urea showed very low reactivity towards both bare MoTiC and Al-terminated structures (MoTiCAl and MoTiCAl monolayers), indicating their excellent chemical compatibility between these solvents and the MXene cathode. Besides the MoTiC monolayer, a relatively low chemical reactivity was predicted for Al-terminated MXenes after their contact with almost all the solvents considered in this work, even with the relatively more reactive carbonate esters (PC and EC) and ethers (G2 and THF).

Gene mutation, clinical characteristics and pathology in resectable lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: With the wide use of CT scan in clinical practice, more lung cancer was diagnosed in resectable stage. Pathological examination and genetic testing have become a routine procedure for lung adenocarcinoma following radical resection. This study analyzed special pathological components and gene mutations to explore their relationship with clinical characteristics and overall survival.

Sequential Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate-Bilirubin Nanomedicine Attenuates Osteoarthritis via Reprogramming Lipid Metabolism in M1 Macrophages.

The infiltration and excessive polarization of M1 macrophages contribute to the induction and persistence of low-grade inflammation in joint-related degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). The lipid metabolism dysregulation promotes M1 macrophage polarization by coordinating the compensatory pathways of the inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. Here, a self-assembling, licofelone-loaded nanoparticle (termed LCF-CSBN), comprising chondroitin sulfate and bilirubin joined by an ethylenediamine linker, is developed to selectively reprogram lipid metabolism in macrophage activation.

Construction of ternary heterojunction photocatalyst CuCl(OH)/In/InO for boosted photocatalytic CO reduction performance.

The photocatalytic conversion of CO and HO into useful chemicals or fuels over semiconductor photocatalysts is regarded as a promising technology to address the problems of global warming and energy exhaustion. However, inefficient photo-absorption and slow charge dynamics limit the CO photoreduction efficiency. Here, a ternary heterojunction photocatalyst, CuCl(OH)/In/InO (Cu H IO), with an intimate interface is obtained a hydrogen chemical reduction approach followed by hydrolysis reaction, where In species can be produced on the surface of InO from the hydrogen chemical reaction with a calcining temperature of over 500 °C.

Effect of Combined Direct Current Electric Field and Pulsed Magnetic Field on the Transient Melt Pool in Laser Additive Manufacturing Process.

The application of a pulsed magnetic field (PMF) during a metallurgy solidification process has proven to be an effective method in refining the grain size and improving the mechanical performance of the material. However, fewer works were reported in the realm of laser additive manufacturing (LAM) and the mechanism of grain refinement consequent to the PMF is still unclear. In this work, numerical models were developed to study the thermal-fluid characteristics in the Ti-alloy melt pool generated during the laser scanning process under the effect of a combined direct current (DC) electric field and PMF.

Enhanced iodinated disinfection byproducts formation in iodide/iodate-containing water undergoing UV-chloramine sequential disinfection: Machine learning-aided identification of reaction mechanisms.

Restricted to the complex nature of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in various aquatic environments, the mechanisms of enhanced iodinated disinfection byproducts (I-DBPs) formation in water containing both I and IO (designated as I/IO in this study) during the ultraviolet (UV)-chloramine sequential disinfection process remains unclear. In this study, four machine learning (ML) models were established to predict I-DBP formation by using DOM and disinfection features as input variables. Extreme gradient boosting (XGB) algorithm outperformed the others in model development using synthetic waters and in cross-dataset generalization of surface waters.

The fate and transport of pesticide seed treatments and its impact on soil microbials.

In order to better understand the environmental impact of systemic pesticides used in the seed treatment, we conducted a field trial by planting maize seeds treated with thiamethoxam (TMX) and the combination with difenoconazole (DFZ), two of the commonly used systemic pesticides in the seed treatment program. We found most of pesticide residues were retained in the 0-10 cm layer from soil surface. Pesticide residue levels exhibited a significant decreasing trend from the seedling to milk period.

Comparing surgical readmission, in-hospital complications, and charges between total hip arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty for geriatric femoral neck fractures.

Aims: For displaced femoral neck fractures (FNFs) in geriatric patients, there remains uncertainty regarding the effect of total hip arthroplasty (THA) compared with hemiarthroplasty (HA) in the guidelines. We aimed to compare 90-day surgical readmission, in-hospital complications, and charges between THA and HA in these patients.

Methods: The Hospital Quality Monitoring System was queried from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2019 for displaced FNFs in geriatric patients treated with THA or HA.

FAP-α is an effective tool to evaluate stroma invasion of lung adenocarcinoma.

The main difficulty in the diagnosis of atypical in situ adenocarcinoma lies in the distinction between true and false stromal invasion. Moreover, how to identify local alveolar wall collapse in situ lung adenocarcinoma and how to identify whether the trapped adenoid structure around scar is an invasion component have become the key points for accurate diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma. In the present study, we detected 40 cases of lung adenocarcinoma in situ and 40 cases of invasive adenocarcinoma by using immunohistochemical techniques.

Target Serum Urate Achievement and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in Patients With Gout and Kidney Disease.

Importance: Clinicians often approach urate-lowering therapy (ULT) cautiously in patients with gout and impaired kidney function because they are concerned about the risk of progression to severe or end-stage kidney disease. However, evidence from randomized clinical trials of this association remains inconclusive.

Objective: To evaluate the association between achieving target serum urate level with ULT and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to severe or end-stage in patients with gout and impaired kidney function.

Efficient CO photoreduction using a water-soluble conjugated polyelectrolyte grafted imidazolium-functionalized side chain.

Herein, we reported the development of a water-soluble conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) for efficient CO photoreduction under visible light ( > 420 nm). Bearing a fluorene-benzothiadiazole backbone and imidazolium-functionalized side chains, PFBT-Im exhibits remarkable photocatalytic activity with nearly 100% selectivity and a CO yield of 453.16 μmol g within 4 h, which is 8.

TRIM27 revealing by tumor educated platelet RNA-sequencing, as a potential biomarker for malignant ground-glass opacities diagnosis mediates glycolysis of non-small cell lung cancer cells partially through HOXM1.

Background: Efficient ground-glass opacities (GGOs) diagnosis is challenging. A diagnostic method distinguishing malignant from benign GGOs is warranted. In this study, we sought to construct a noninvasive method based on tumor educated platelet (TEP) RNA profiles for malignant GGOs diagnosis and explore the molecular mechanism of the potential biomarker for the first time.

The MTR4/hnRNPK complex surveils aberrant polyadenylated RNAs with multiple exons.

RNA surveillance systems degrade aberrant RNAs that result from defective transcriptional termination, splicing, and polyadenylation. Defective RNAs in the nucleus are recognized by RNA-binding proteins and MTR4, and are degraded by the RNA exosome complex. Here, we detect aberrant RNAs in MTR4-depleted cells using long-read direct RNA sequencing and 3' sequencing.

Linear-coupling-induced double-period pulsating vector solitons in lasers.

Pulsating solitons is a universal phenomenon originating from the Hopf-type bifurcation in dissipative systems such as lasers and microresonators. Here, we report the vector soliton in a fiber laser pulsating with two periods of different orders of magnitude. The short-period pulsation manifests as the period-tripling facilitated by the linear coupling between orthogonal polarization components, which breaks the self-consistent evolution of the vector soliton over a single round trip (RT).

Z-Scheme AgS-Ag-InO Heterostructure with Efficient Antibiotics Removal under Natural Sunlight.

The widespread distribution of antibiotics in natural waters is a great threat to human health. Photocatalytic degradation is an environmentally friendly technology to remediate antibiotic-polluted waters, driven by endless solar energy. Herein, a Z-scheme AgS-Ag-InO heterostructure photocatalyst is prepared to remove antibiotics under environmental conditions.

Bimetallic Au/Ag coated on InO for the effective removal of emerging organic contaminants under natural sunlight irradiation.

Antibiotics-polluted wastewater, likely causing the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), can be effectively remediated by photocatalytic degradation driven by endless solar energy. Herein, bimetallic Au/Ag is deposited on InO surface via a one-step sintering process followed by a controllable chemical reduction approach. Under natural sunlight irradiation, the optimal Au/Ag/InO (UGI-1.

Weight Loss After Receiving Anti-Obesity Medications and Gout Among Individuals With Overweight and Obese: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objective: Weight loss is conditionally recommended for gout management; however, its impact on incident gout and recurrent gout flares among individuals who were overweight and obese remains unknown. We investigate the relationship between weight loss rate following treatment with anti-obesity medications and the risk of incident gout and recurrent gout flares among individuals who were overweight or obese.

Methods: Using data from the Health Improvement Network, we selected individuals aged 18 and older who were overweight or obese and started anti-obesity medication.