Molecular cytogenetic characterization of 9 populations of four species in the genus (Asparagaceae).

To characterize the chromosomes of the four species of Miller, 1754, used in traditional Chinese medicine, Hua, 1892, Collett et Hemsley, 1890, (Miller, 1768) Druce, 1906, and Redouté, 1811, and have an insight into the karyotype variation of the genus , fluorescence hybridization (FISH) with 5S and 45S rDNA oligonucleotide probes was applied to analyze the karyotypes of 9 populations of the four species. Detailed molecular cytogenetic karyotypes of the 9 populations were established for the first time using the dataset of chromosome measurements and FISH signals of 5S and 45S rDNA. Four karyotype asymmetry indices, CV, CV, M and Stebbins' category, were measured to elucidate the asymmetry of the karyotypes and karyological relationships among species.

Comparative karyotype analysis of eight Cucurbitaceae crops using fluorochrome banding and 45S rDNA-FISH.

To have an insight into the karyotype variation of eight Cucurbitaceae crops including Linnaeus, 1753, Linnaeus, 1753, (Thunberg, 1794) Matsumura et Nakai, 1916, (Thunberg, 1784) Cogniaux, 1881, Linnaeus, 1753, (Linnaeus, 1753) Roemer, 1846, Lagenariasicerariavar.hispida (Thunberg, 1783) Hara, 1948 and Duchesne ex Poiret, 1819, well morphologically differentiated mitotic metaphase chromosomes were prepared using the enzymatic maceration and flame-drying method, and the chromosomal distribution of heterochromatin and 18S-5.8S-26S rRNA genes (45S rDNA) was investigated using sequential combined PI and DAPI (CPD) staining and fluorescence hybridization (FISH) with 45S rDNA probe.

Molecular cytogenetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of four species (Poaceae).

Chromosomes of four (Andersson, 1855) species including (Andersson, 1855), (Schumann & Lauterb, 1901), (Hackel, 1882) and (Chen & Renvoize, 2005) were analyzed using sequentially combined PI and DAPI (CPD) staining and fluorescence hybridization (FISH) with 45S rDNA probe. To elucidate the phylogenetic relationship among the four species, the homology of repetitive sequences among the four species was analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization (cGISH). Subsequently four species were clustered based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of 45S rDNA.

Molecular cytogenetic characterization and comparison of the two cultivated species (Fabaceae).

The two cultivated (Adanson, 1763) species, (N. J. von Jacquin, 1788) A.

[Chemical constituents of Indocalamus latifolius leaves].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Indocalamus latifolius leaves.

Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified with silica column chromatography and gel chromatography. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and various spectroscopic methods including NMR spectrum, MS, UV, etc.

[Comparison of rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequences in asparagus].

Objective: Using ITS sequence of nine species to identify counterfeiting medicine and analyse phylogenetic of Asparagus.

Methods: Analysing ITS sequences by amplification, cloning,sequencing and alignment.

Results: The length range of ITS sequence of nine species was from 711 to 748 bp, the percentage of G + C content was about 60%.

[Detection of maize centromeric repeats in the relatives of maize using fluorescence in situ hybridization].

In order to analyze the conservation of maize centromeric satellite DNA (CentC) and centromeric retrotransposon (CRM) in the subspecies and relatives of Zea mays, dual fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to detect the existence and distribution of the above two repetitive sequences in Zea mays ssp. mexicana, Z. diploperennis, Z.

[Advances in research of the structure and function of plant centromeres].

Centromeres are the chromosomal domains necessary for faithful chromosome segregation and transmission during mitosis and meiosis in eukaryotes. In the last decade, centromeres in some plant species including Arabidopsis, rice and maize have been deeply studied at molecular level. Centromeric DNAs evolve rapidly and are little conserved among various plants, but the types of centromeric DNA sequences and their organization patterns within centromeres are basically similar in plants.

CPD banding patterns and identification of 45S rDNA sites in tomato.

In this study, we performed sequentially combined PI and DAPI (CPD) staining and FISH with two different 45S rDNA clones on meiotic pachytene and mitotic metaphase chromosomes in tomato. Ten red CPD bands were shown on eight pachytene bivalents, and 12 bands were shown on six pairs of mitotic metaphase chromosomes. The CPD bands exhibited on mitotic metaphase chromosomes corresponded to the prominent bands exhibited on the pachytene chromosomes.

A new chromosome fluorescence banding technique combining DAPI staining with image analysis in plants.

In this study, a new chromosome fluorescence banding technique was developed in plants. The technique combined 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining with software analysis including three-dimensional imaging after deconvolution. Clear multiple and adjacent DAPI bands like G-bands were obtained by this technique in the tested species including Hordeum vulgare L.