A unique presentation of systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve in a patient with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and recurrent syncope: a case report.

Background: Systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve is a hallmark feature of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) and a primary cause of dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. This case report highlights an unusual presentation of SAM associated with acute haemodynamic collapse.

Case Summary: A 36-year-old male with HOCM presented with recurrent episodes of syncope.

Research Progress in Effects of Vermiform Appendix on the Occurrence and Development of Diseases Related to Gut-Brain Axis.

The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication pathway connecting the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract,playing a key role in the occurrence and development of diseases related to this axis.The vermiform appendix,as a part of the gut that is connected to the cecum,has a unique anatomical location,a rich microbiome,and abundant immune cells.Appendicitis and appendectomy have been found to be associated with the development of diseases related to the gut-brain axis.

Umbilical mesenchymal stem cells mitigate T-cell compartments shift and Th17/Treg imbalance in acute ischemic stroke via mitochondrial transfer.

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) initiates secondary injuries that worsen neurological damage and hinder recovery. While peripheral immune responses play a key role in stroke outcomes, clinical results from immunotherapy have been suboptimal, with limited focus on T-cell dynamics. Umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs) offer therapeutic potential due to their immunomodulatory properties.

Steering the Product Selectivity of CO2 Electroreduction by Single Atom Switching in Isostructural Copper Nanocluster Catalysts.

Even single atom manipulation can cause drastically changes in catalytic activity and selectivity, especially in atomic-level catalysts. However, it is challenging to accurately elucidate the influence of specific atom on performance due to the intertwined factors in catalysts. Atomically precise isostructural nanoclusters (NCs) can serve as ideal platforms to uncover the impact of individual atom on catalytic property.

Rational metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the industrial-scale production of l-phenylalanine.

Rational metabolic engineering has numerous applications in the optimization of microorganisms for the production of valuable compounds at the laboratory-scale. However, the existing strategies and tools are far from sufficient for engineering of industrial strains due to their specificity. The aim of this project was to implement novel strategies to enhance industrial l-phenylalanine (l-PHE) production and yield, including the regulation of key gene expressions, modifications of global transcription factors, creation of NADPH-independent pentose phosphate pathway and pyruvate-oxaloacetate-phosphoenolpyruvate cycle.

GnRHR inhibits the malignant progression of triple-negative breast cancer by upregulating FOS and IFI44L.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) has been identified as a factor that hinders the malignant advancement of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nevertheless, the specific molecular mechanism responsible for this impact remains unclear. This study demonstrates that GnRHR exhibits low expression levels in TNBC, which correlates with an unfavorable prognosis for patients.

Developing transcriptomic biomarkers for TAVO412 utilizing next generation sequencing analyses of preclinical tumor models.

Introduction: TAVO412, a multi-specific antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (c-Met), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), is undergoing clinical development for the treatment of solid tumors. TAVO412 has multiple mechanisms of action for tumor growth inhibition that include shutting down the EGFR, c-Met, and VEGF signaling pathways, having enhanced Fc effector functions, addressing drug resistance that can be mediated by the crosstalk amongst these three targets, as well as inhibiting angiogenesis. TAVO412 demonstrated strong tumor growth inhibition in 23 cell-line derived xenograft (CDX) models representing diverse cancer types, as well as in 9 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) lung tumor models.

Subchronic Toxicity Test of Transgenic Herbicide-Tolerant Soybean ZH10-6 in Rats.

The herbicide-tolerant soybean ZH10-6 was developed by modifying the Zhonghuang 10 (ZH10) variety with the G2-EPSPS and GAT genes, conferring resistance to glyphosate. This study aimed to assess the potential health effects of ZH10-6 in Sprague-Dawley rats through a 90-day subchronic toxicity test. Seven groups of rats (n = 10/sex/group) were fed a commercial AIN93G diet or diets containing 7.

Single circulating tumor cell sequencing based on improved high-porosity membranes and nanoporous microchambers.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are crucial for understanding tumor heterogeneity and progression. Despite extensive research over the years, most studies have focused on CTCs counting, with fewer efforts directed toward single-cell sequencing (SCS) of CTCs. In this study, we developed two novel nanodevices---a high-porosity ultrathin filter membrane and a nanowell chip--- to isolate single CTCs.

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting early neurological deterioration in patients with moderate traumatic brain injury: a retrospective analysis.

Objective: Early neurological deterioration (END) greatly affects prognosis of moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram to predict the occurrence of END in patients with moderate TBI.

Methods: A total of 371 patients with moderate TBI were enrolled and divided into the training ( = 260) and validation ( = 111) groups at a ratio of 7:3.

A novel GH11 β-1,4-xylanase from Fusarium verticillioides: Its eukaryotic expression, biochemical characterization and synergistic effect with cellulase on lignocellulosic biomass degradation.

A recently discovered GH11 β-xylanase, FvXynA, from the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium verticillioides was overexpressed in Pichia pastoris and displayed the highest activity toward beechwood xylan (1258.7 IU/mg) under the optimum reaction conditions of 50 °C and pH 5.0.

Discovery and Phase 1 study of a novel monoclonal antibody against human IL-1β for the treatment of IL-1β-mediated diseases.

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a key mediator of innate immunity against pathogen infections. However, dysregulated IL-1β activity is associated with various autoinflammatory, autoimmune, degenerative, atherosclerotic diseases, and cancers. Biologic drugs that neutralize excess IL-1β activity, such as canakinumab, have been effective in treating IL-1β-mediated diseases.

Chlorogenic acid inhibits Pseudomonas toxin pyocyanin and activates mitochondrial UPR to protect host against pathogen infection.

Mitochondria are required for protecting host against pathogenic bacteria by activating mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR). Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a phenolic acid compound of green coffee extracts and tea has been shown to exhibit activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-obesity. However, whether CGA regulates innate immunity and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown.

Electret-Inspired Charge-Injected Hydrogel for Scar-Free Healing of Bacterially Infected Burns Through Bioelectrical Stimulation and Immune Modulation.

In this study, an electret-inspired, charge-injected hydrogel called QOSP hydrogel (QCS/OD/SDI/PANI/PS/Plasma) that promotes scar-free healing of bacteria-infected burns through bioelectrical stimulation and immune modulation, is presented. The hydrogel, composed of quaternized chitosan (QCS), oxidized dextran (OD), sulfadiazine (SDI), polystyrene (PS), and polyaniline nanowires (PANI), forms a conductive network capable of storing and releasing electric charges, emulating an electret-like mechanism. This structure delivers bioelectrical signals continuously, enhancing wound healing by regulating immune responses and minimizing fibrosis.

Effect of perioperative esketamine use on emergency delirium in children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Emergence delirium(ED) is a common postoperative complication in children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy under general anesthesia. There is no high-quality evidence on the relationship between esketamine and ED. The systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effect of perioperative esketamine use on ED in children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.

Upgrading of the genetic engineering toolkit accelerated the discovery process of the virulence effect of PsGH7d on Phytophthora sojae invasion.

The genus of Phytophthora includes numerous phytopathogens that have devastating impacts on agricultural production. However, the limited availability of selection markers for numerous pathogenicity pathogens of the genus Phytophthora genetic transformation hinders further research on their pathogenic functional genes. Here we report a gene of NAT I, which serves as a novel selection marker for the Phytophthora sojae transformation.

Distinct maturity and spatial distribution of tertiary lymphoid structures in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: implications for tumor immunity and clinical outcomes.

The influence of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) on disease progression and the response to immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is well established, yet the heterogeneity among these structures remains largely unexplored. We utilized digital spatial profiling technology to perform in situ transcriptomic sequencing of TLSs across varying levels of maturation and distinct tumor regions within HNSCC. We assessed the prognostic significance of TLS maturation and spatial distribution in 260 patients with HNSCC through hematoxylin and eosin staining and multiplex immunohistochemistry.

Epidemiological trends and predictions of urinary tract infections in the global burden of disease study 2021.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent; however, comprehensive and current epidemiological data remain scarce. This study examined the global, national, and regional burden of UTIs by sex, age, and socio-demographic index (SDI) from 1990 to 2021. The 2021 Global Burden of Disease study included age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardised prevalence rate (ASPR), age-standardised death rate (ASDR), and age-standardised disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDAR).

Sodium Butyrate Inhibits Necroptosis by Regulating MLKL via E2F1 in Intestinal Epithelial Cells of Liver Cirrhosis.

Background And Aims: Necroptosis is critical for regulating intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Butyric acid (BA), produced during intestinal microbial metabolism, protects the intestinal epithelial barrier. However, whether necroptosis occurs in IECs during liver cirrhosis and whether sodium butyrate (NaB) can regulate necroptosis have not yet been reported.

Post-Liver Transplantation-Burkitt Lymphoma in Children: A Single-Center Study of Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcomes.

Background: Post-liver transplantation-Burkitt lymphoma (PLT-BL) is an aggressive and life-threatening complication after pediatric liver transplantation. The research on the disease characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of pediatric PLT-BL is limited.

Methods: A retrospective, observational study was performed to analyze the disease characteristics, treatment, and outcomes in 12 pediatric liver transplant (LT) recipients diagnosed with PLT-BL.

Current status and prospects of traditional Chinese medicine combined with stem cell therapy for chronic kidney disease.

Renal fibrosis is one of the main pathological features of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and its treatment has been a hot research topic. Recent studies have shown that stem cell therapy can repair renal pathological changes and slow the progression of CKD. In addition, a large number of experiments have confirmed that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), especially Chinese medicine compound preparations, has the advantage of multitargeting interventions to improve renal fibrosis.

Dynamic Force Sensing for Continuous Scraping Towards Endometrium Repair Surgery.

Background: A surgical robot with force feedback can guarantee precise and gentle manipulation for endometrial repair, ensuring the effectiveness and safety of the manipulation. However, the design of force sensors for surgical robots is challenging due to the limited anatomical space and the requirement for continuous rotation.

Methods: This paper presents a novel force-sensing surgical instrument for endometrial repair, including an inner scraping instrument and an outer force sensing sheath.

Semaphorin 3s signaling in the central nervous system: Mechanisms and therapeutic implication for brain diseases.

Class 3 semaphorins (Sema3s), identified as secreted soluble proteins, present many therapeutic potentials. Recent evidence has suggested that Sema3s as molecular cue participate in neuroregulation, angiogenesis, and microenvironment homeostasis of the central nervous system. Moreover, Sema3s signaling pathways may be targeted for enhancing neural network connectivity, promoting neural regeneration and repair, and inhibiting pathological angiogenesis.

CD163 impairs HBV clearance in mice by regulating intrahepatic T cell immune response via an IL-10-dependent mechanism.

Background & Aims: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) arises from a persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, complicating efforts for a functional cure. Kupffer cells (KCs), liver-resident macrophages, are pivotal in mediating immune tolerance to HBV. Although CD163 marks M2-polarized KCs, its precise role in HBV infection remains unclear and warrants further investigation.

Classification of Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer Using Radiomic Features of Preoperative Ultrasound Images.

Radiomics has been used as a non-invasive medical image analysis technique for diagnosis and prognosis prediction of breast cancer. This study intended to use radiomics based on preoperative Doppler ultrasound images to classify four molecular subtypes of breast cancer. A total of 565 female breast cancer patients diagnosed by postoperative pathology in a hospital between 2014 and 2022 were included in this study.