APOE Christchurch enhances a disease-associated microglial response to plaque but suppresses response to tau pathology.

Background: Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). A recent case report identified a rare variant in APOE, APOE3-R136S (Christchurch), proposed to confer resistance to autosomal dominant Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, it remains unclear whether and how this variant exerts its protective effects.

Challenges and opportunities in 2D materials for high-performance aqueous ammonium ion batteries.

Aqueous ammonium ion batteries (AAIBs) have attracted considerable attention due to their high safety and rapid diffusion kinetics. Unlike spherical metal ions, NH forms hydrogen bonds with host materials, leading to a unique storage mechanism. A variety of electrode materials have been proposed for AAIBs, but their performance often falls short in terms of future energy storage needs.

Interfacial Engineering with a Conjugated Conductive Polymer for a Highly Reversible Zn Anode.

For Zn metal batteries, the Zn anode faces several challenges, including Zn dendrites, hydrogen evolution, and corrosion. These issues are closely related to the Zn deposition process at the electrode/electrolyte interface. Herein, we propose interfacial engineering to protect the Zn anode and induce homogeneous deposition using conjugated cyclized polyacrylonitrile (cPAN) polymer nanofibers.

Amorphization Stabilizes Te-Based Aqueous Batteries via Confining Free Water.

Tellurium (Te), with its rich valence states (-2 to +6), could endow aqueous batteries with potentially high specific capacity. However, achieving complete and stable hypervalent Te/Te electrochemistry in an aqueous environment poses significant challenges, owing to the sluggish reduction kinetics, easy dissolution of Te species, and a controversial energy storage mechanism. Herein, we demonstrate a crystallographic regulation strategy for robust aqueous Te redox electrochemistry.

Tailoring Water-in-DMSO Electrolyte for Ultra-stable Rechargeable Zinc Batteries.

Rechargeable zinc batteries (RZBs) are hindered by two primary challenges: instability of Zn anode and deterioration of the cathode structure in traditional aqueous electrolytes, largely attributable to the decomposition of active HO. Here, we design and synthesize a non-flammable water-in-dimethyl sulfoxide electrolyte to address these issues. X-ray absorption spectroscopy, in situ techniques and computational simulations demonstrate that the activity of HO in this electrolyte is extremely compressed, which not only suppresses the side reactions and increases the reversibility of Zn anode, but also diminishes the cathode dissolution and proton intercalation.

Polyhydroxy starch with abundant hydroxyls and a unique structure enables uniform Zn deposition.

Zinc metal is a promising anode material for zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), but severe side reactions and dendrite formation hinder its commercialization. In this study, starch is introduced into the ZnSO electrolyte for stabilizing the Zn anode. With abundant hydroxyl groups, starch can reconstruct the H-bond system in the electrolyte, suppressing side reactions.

Uniform single-crystal mesoporous metal-organic frameworks.

The synthesis of mesoporous metal-organic frameworks (meso-MOFs) is desirable as these materials can be used in various applications. However, owing to the imbalance in structural tension at the micro-scale (MOF crystallization) and the meso-scales (assembly of micelles with MOF subunits), the formation of single-crystal meso-MOFs is challenging. Here we report the preparation of uniform single-crystal meso-MOF nanoparticles with ordered mesopore channels in microporous frameworks with definite arrangements, through a cooperative assembly method co-mediated by strong and weak acids.

Barriers and Carriers for Transition Metal Homeostasis in Plants.

Transition metals are a type of metal with high chemical activity and play critical roles in plant growth and development, reproduction and environmental adaptation, as well as for human health. However, the acquisition, transportation and storage of these metals always pose specific challenges due to their nature of high reactivity and poor solubility. In addition, distinct yet interconnected apoplastic and symplastic diffusion barriers impede their movement throughout the plants.

Work function-activated proton intercalation chemistry assists ultra-stable aqueous zinc ion batteries.

Manganese oxide (MnO) cathodes with a Zn/H co-intercalation mixing mechanism have exhibited great potential for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) owing to their high energy density and optimal electrolyte suitability. However, the strong electrostatic interactions and slow kinetics between the high charge density zinc ions and the fixed lattice in conventional cathodes have hindered the development of AZIBs. Hence, selecting H with a smaller ionic radius and reduced electrostatic repulsion as carriers was a feasible strategy.

Dual-Band Electrochromic Supercapacitor Utilizing Metal-Organic Coordination Polymer with Multi-Redox Feature.

Electrochromic supercapacitors, which indicate energy states through optical color changes, are gaining significant attention for their potential in energy saving and recycling. In this study, a novel metal-organic coordination polymer (DTPB-MCP) is successfully synthesized using an N,N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (DTPB)-functionalized phenanthroline ligand. The resulting DTPB-MCP film demonstrated desirable electrochromic performance in both the visible light (ΔT:77.

Thiosulfate-Mediated Polysulfide Redox for Energetic Aqueous Battery.

Sulfur-based aqueous batteries (SABs) are regarded as promising candidates for safe, low-cost, and high-energy storage. However, the sluggish redox kinetics of polysulfides pose a significant challenge to the practical performance of SABs. Herein, we report a unique redox regulation strategy that leverages thiosulfate-mediated ligand-chain interaction to accelerate the polysulfide redox process (S/S).

Design Concepts of High-Entropy Materials for Zinc Ion Batteries.

Zinc-ion batteries have emerged as strong candidates for replacing Li/Na-ion batteries owing to their high safety and environmental friendliness. However, the large electrostatic repulsion between the cathode and Zn, the irreversible growth of zinc dendrites at the anode, and the hydrogen precipitation side reaction in the aqueous electrolyte have hindered the practical application of zinc ion batteries. Fortunately, the emergence of the revolutionary concept of high entropy has provided new opportunities for the development of battery materials.

Treatment of cosmetic wastewater containing N, N-dimethylformamide and high concentration of chloride salt by chemical precipitation and electrochemical method.

High-strength wastewater containing elevated levels of chloride salt and N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent was collected from manufacturing of sunscreen cream (for UVA/UVB protection) at a cosmetic factory. In evaporation process, precipitates, formed due to the high chloride content (around 160 g/L), clog the pipeline, seriously reducing the treatment efficiency. This study aimed to develop a two-stage process integrating chemical precipitation and electrochemical oxidation to specifically remove the concentrated chloride salt and organic compounds (COD >100 g/L).

An interactive dual energy storage mechanism boosts high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

Organic materials are promising cathodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) due to their cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and tunable structures. However, the energy density of AZIBs remains limited by the inherently low capacity and output voltage of organic cathode materials. To address this challenge, we develop a Mn ion-doped polyaniline (PAM) by harnessing the joint merits of the highly reversible doping process of the conjugated backbone and the unique dissolution-deposition behavior of Mn in ZnSO electrolyte.

Versatile synthesis of uniform mesoporous superparticles from stable monomicelle units.

Superstructures with architectural complexity and unique functionalities are promising for a variety of practical applications in many fields, including mechanics, sensing, photonics, catalysis, drug delivery and energy storage/conversion. In the past five years, a number of attempts have been made to build superparticles based on amphiphilic polymeric micelle units, but most have failed owing to their inherent poor stability. Determining how to stabilize micelles and control their superassembly is critical to obtaining the desired mesoporous superparticles.

Silicone cure inhibition with material jetting additive manufacturing utilized for facial prosthesis fabrication - A clinical report.

This clinical report outlines the prosthetic restoration of a 92-year-old Caucasian patient who underwent a partial rhinectomy. Utilizing CAD-CAM technology, scanning and design were accomplished digitally, and material jetting additive manufacturing was used to create a two-piece mold for a partial nasal silicone prosthesis. An unprecedented challenge was observed involving cure inhibition when the silicone came into contact with the additively manufactured (AM) material, and multiple attempted strategies to remedy this situation were discussed.

Different multicellular trichome types coordinate herbivore mechanosensing and defense in tomato.

Herbivore-induced wounding can elicit a defense response in plants. However, whether plants possess a surveillance system capable of detecting herbivore threats and initiating preparatory defenses before wounding occurs remains unclear. In this study, we reveal that tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) trichomes can detect and respond to the mechanical stimuli generated by herbivores.

Assessment and comparison of model estimated and directly observed weather data for prediction of diarrhoea aetiology.

Recent advances in clinical prediction for diarrhoeal aetiology in low- and middle-income countries have revealed that the addition of weather data to clinical data improves predictive performance. However, the optimal source of weather data remains unclear. We aim to compare the use of model estimated satellite- and ground-based observational data with weather station directly observed data for the prediction of aetiology of diarrhoea.

A Mg Battery-Integrated Bioelectronic Patch Provides Efficient Electrochemical Stimulations for Wound Healing.

Bioelectronic patches hold promise for patient-comfort wound healing providing simplified clinical operation. Currently, they face paramount challenges in establishing long-term effective electronic interfaces with targeted cells and tissues due to the inconsistent energy output and high bio interface impedance. Here a new electrochemical stimulation technology is reported, using a simple wound patch, which integrates the efficient generation and delivery of stimulation.

Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide attenuates early brain injury and delayed neurological dysfunction by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe neurological event lacking of effective therapy. Early brain injury (EBI) and delayed neurological dysfunction are important cause in the poor prognosis of patients with SAH. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation has been implicated in many inflammatory lesion pathogeneses including SAH.

Synthesis of Mesoporous Catechin Nanoparticles as Biocompatible Drug-Free Antibacterial Mesoformulation.

While polyphenolic substances stand as excellent antibacterial agents, their antimicrobial properties rely on the auxiliary support of micro-/nanostructures. Despite offering a novel avenue for enhancing polymer performance, controllable fabrication of mesoporous polymeric nanomaterials encounters significant challenges due to intricate intermolecular forces. In this article, mesoporous catechin nanoparticles have been successfully fabricated using a balanced multivariate interaction approach.