Bilateral posterior cerebral artery territory infarction in a SARS-Cov-2 infected patient: discussion about an unusual case.

In time of SARS-Cov2 pandemic, neurologists need to be vigilant for cerebrovascular complications of Covid-19. We present a case of bilateral occipito-temporal infarction revealed by a sudden cortical blindness with haemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis in a diabetic patient infected by Covid-19. Differential diagnoses are discussed in front of this unusual presentation and evolution.

Epidemiology of orofacial herpes simplex virus infections in the general population in France: results of the HERPIMAX study.

Background: Prevalence of clinically manifest orofacial herpes in the general population is poorly characterized. Objectives To establish the lifetime prevalence of clinically manifest orofacial herpes and its relationship with herpes simplex virus (HSV) serotype in the French general population.

Patients/methods: Subjects (N = 2796) were serotyped for HSV1 and HSV2 and provided data on herpetic symptoms by questionnaire.

Multicenter trials need to use the same assay for hepatitis C virus viral load determination.

This study, involving 20 laboratories and using currently available assays for hepatitis C virus RNA quantification, demonstrated that differences in viral load values are due not to interlaboratory variations but rather to the nature of the assay itself. This underlines the importance of using the same assay in multicenter studies or when monitoring antiviral therapy.

Epidemiology of genital herpes simplex virus infections in a community-based sample in France: results of the HERPIMAX study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to provide information on the prevalence of herpes simplex infections in the general population in Europe.

Goals: The goals of this study were to determine the prevalence of clinically probable genital herpes and the relationship between serotype and clinical expression in a French community-based sample.

Study: A total of 4410 subjects chosen at random were serotyped for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2).

Management of genital herpes during pregnancy: the French experience.

The prevalence and incidence of genital herpes are increasing worldwide. Conversely, the incidence of neonatal herpes shows global discrepancies: very higher numbers of cases are reported in parts of the USA, whereas rates remain low across much of Europe. As illustrated by the French experiences reported here, regionally appropriate management strategies for genital herpes during pregnancy do not alone account for differences in neonatal herpes rates.

Infrequent transmission of HIV-1 drug-resistant variants.

Transmission of drug-resistant variants is influenced by several factors, including the prevalence of drug resistance in the population of HIV-1-infected patients, HIV-1 RNA levels and transmission by recently infected patients. In order to evaluate the impact of these factors on the transmission of drug-resistant variants, we have defined the population of potential transmitters and compared their resistance profiles to those of newly infected patients. Sequencing of pol gene was performed in 220 recently infected patients and in 373 chronically infected patients with HIV-1 RNA >1000 copies/ml.

Surveillance network for herpes simplex virus resistance to antiviral drugs: 3-year follow-up.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are very common in the general population and among immunocompromised patients. Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective treatment which is widely used. We deemed it essential to conduct a wide and coordinated survey of the emergence of ACV-resistant HSV strains.

[Clinical management of genital herpes: what can be done in pregnancy?].

Neonatal herpes infection is the major complication of genital herpes even if it occurs in less than 1/10,000 births. A great number of recent studies illustrates the natural history of genital herpes. The importance of viral transmission by asymptomatic shedding is now well established.

[Genital herpes: practical impact of the 2001 consensus conference?].

Genital herpes, usually a benign infection, has nevertheless an important psychological impact by its recurrent character. The clinical management needs first a well done patient counseling, and second, the biological documentation of the virus excretion. When this is achieved, different treatment strategies may be proposed aiming mainly acute crisis.

[Therapeutic strategies for genital herpes].

Genital herpes, usually a benign infection, has nevertheless an important psychological impact by its recurrent character. The clinical management needs first well done patient counseling, and second, the biological documentation of the virus excretion. When this is achieved, different treatment strategies may be proposed targeting mainly acute crisis.

[Debates and updates regarding the virologic diagnosis of herpes].

Clinical diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections is accurate and sufficient in many cases. However, there are situations where diagnosis is difficult, for example in subclinical shedding or atypical lesions. Furthermore, in some life-threatening conditions such as encephalitis, herpesvirus infections in immunocompromised individuals, during pregnancy or in neonates, confirmation of the diagnosis with accurate and rapid laboratory tests is essential.

Seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection in the general French population.

Background: In spite of the large prevalence and growing incidence of herpes simplex infection (HSV-1 and HSV-2), relatively few large serological surveys are available worldwide and it is still difficult compare frequencies of HSV contaminations in various countries. We present the results of HERPIMAX, the first epidemiological inquiry on HSV prevalence in the general French population.

Methods: Of a cohort of 12,735 presumed healthy adult volunteers included in the prospective study SU.

Human herpesvirus 8 and Epstein Barr-virus in a cutaneous B-cell lymphoma and a malignant cell line established from the blood of an AIDS patient.

Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) has been consistently associated with Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL or body-cavity-based lymphoma) but not with other lymphomas. This paper reports on an AIDS patient without obvious malignant effusion in body cavities but with a cutaneous lymphoma where HHV-8 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were detected by PCR and electron microscopy. Both viruses were also detected in all the cells of a malignant cell line (BBG1) established from the patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Zidovudine resensitization and dual HIV-1 resistance to zidovudine and lamivudine in the delta lamivudine roll-over study.

Objective: To study zidovudine resensitization and dual resistance to zidovudine/lamivudine in HIV-1 isolates from nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor-experienced patients during selective pressure exerted by zidovudine/lamivudine combination therapy.

Design And Methods: HIV-1 isolates from 29 patients receiving zidovudine/lamivudine combination therapy in the Delta roll-over study were analysed at entry and during a 1 year follow-up period for phenotypic susceptibility to zidovudine and lamivudine in the ANRS PBMC assay. The RT gene from codon 20 to 230 and at codon 333 was analysed by nucleotide sequencing of the corresponding isolates.

Effectiveness of a manual disinfection procedure in eliminating hepatitis C virus from experimentally contaminated endoscopes.

Background: Transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) through endoscopy has been reported, but the implications as a public health concern remain controversial. This study investigated the degree to which a thorough manual cleaning-washing-disinfection procedure can decontaminate all channels of a flexible submersible endoscope experimentally contaminated with HCV.

Methods: To assess the accuracy of the method currently in use, the initial investigation focused on sampling effectiveness.

[Virus resistance in a hospital environment: overview of the virucide activity of disinfectants used in liquid form].

Human pathogenic viruses can be detected in the hospital environment, on contaminated surfaces or medical instruments. Their transmission to patients or staff has already been reported. Lipophilic viruses (HIV, HBV, HCV,.

Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in French pregnant women: parity and place of birth as major predictive factors.

In this study we present data on cytomegalovirus (CMV) seroprevalence in pregnant women in France. One thousand and eighteen women were enrolled in a prospective study carried out in Grenoble. The overall rate of seropositivity, using a specific IgG ELISA test, was 51.

Transient infection of astrocytes with HIV-1 primary isolates derived from patients with and without AIDS dementia complex.

We have studied the replication capacity of primary HIV-1 isolates obtained from four AIDS patients in astrocytes. Two patients (P1 and P2) had neurological manifestations without AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC). The other two patients (P3 and P4) had ADC.