Model-agnostic confidence measurement for aggregating multimodal ensemble models in automatic diagnostic systems.

Automatic diagnostic systems (ADSs) have been garnering increased attention because they can alleviate the workload of clinicians by assisting in diagnosis and offering low-cost access to healthcare for people in medically underserved areas. ADS can suggest potential diseases by analyzing a patient's self-report. Previous research on ADS has leveraged diagnostic case data from various patients and medical knowledge to diagnose diseases, with multimodal ensemble methods proving particularly effective.

Closed-loop direct control of seizure focus in a rodent model of temporal lobe epilepsy via localized electric fields applied sequentially.

Direct electrical stimulation of the seizure focus can achieve the early termination of epileptic oscillations. However, direct intervention of the hippocampus, the most prevalent seizure focus in temporal lobe epilepsy is thought to be not practicable due to its large size and elongated shape. Here, in a rat model, we report a sequential narrow-field stimulation method for terminating seizures, while focusing stimulus energy at the spatially extensive hippocampal structure.

Effectiveness of electrical stimulation on nerve regeneration after crush injury: Comparison between invasive and non-invasive stimulation.

Several studies have investigated the use of invasive and non-invasive stimulation methods to enhance nerve regeneration, and varying degrees of effectiveness have been reported. However, due to the use of different parameters in these studies, a fair comparison between the effectiveness of invasive and non-invasive stimulation methods is not possible. The present study compared the effectiveness of invasive and non-invasive stimulation using similar parameters.

The transcriptional repressor Hes1 attenuates inflammation by regulating transcription elongation.

Most of the known regulatory mechanisms that curb inflammatory gene expression target pre-transcription-initiation steps, and evidence for post-initiation regulation of inflammatory gene expression remains scarce. We found that the transcriptional repressor Hes1 suppressed production of CXCL1, a chemokine that is crucial for recruiting neutrophils. Hes1 negatively regulated neutrophil recruitment in vivo in a manner that was dependent on macrophage-produced CXCL1, and it attenuated the severity of inflammatory arthritis.