Behavioural therapy for shift work disorder improves shift workers' sleep, sleepiness and mental health: A pilot randomised control trial.

The present study evaluates the efficacy of behavioural therapy adapted for shift work disorder with a randomised control design in a healthcare population. Forty-three night shift workers (m. age: 34 years; 77% women) experiencing shift work disorder were randomised to either the behavioural therapy for shift work disorder (BT-SWD) or a waiting-list control group offered after the waiting period.

Evaluation of electroretinography (ERG) parameters as a biomarker for ADHD.

Background: The retina is recognized as an accessible part of the brain due to their common embryonic origin. The electroretinogram (ERG) has proven to be a valuable tool for detecting schizophrenia and bipolarity. We therefore investigated its ability to detect ADHD.

Developing a clinical decision tool based on electroretinogram to monitor the risk of severe mental illness.

Background: We have shown that electroretinograms can discriminate between patients with severe mental illness (SMI) and healthy controls in previous studies. We now intend to enhance the development and clinical utility of ERG as a biological tool to monitor the risk of SMI.

Methodology: A sample of 301 SMI patients (bipolar disorder or schizophrenia) and 200 controls was first split into a training (N = 401) and testing dataset (N = 100).

The 5-year longitudinal diagnostic profile and health services utilization of patients treated with electroconvulsive therapy in Quebec: a population-based study.

Purpose: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective for treating several psychiatric disorders. However, only a minority of patients are treated with ECT. It is of primary importance to characterize their profile for epidemiological purposes and to inform clinical practice.

For a structured response to the psychosocial consequences of the restrictive measures imposed by the global COVID-19 health pandemic: the MAVIPAN longitudinal prospective cohort study protocol.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictive measures have caused important disruptions in economies and labour markets, changed the way we work and socialise, forced schools to close and healthcare and social services to reorganise. This unprecedented crisis forces individuals to make considerable efforts to adapt and will have psychological and social consequences, mainly on vulnerable individuals, that will remain once the pandemic is contained and will most likely exacerbate existing social and gender health inequalities. This crisis also puts a toll on the capacity of our healthcare and social services structures to provide timely and adequate care.

The Electroretinogram as a Potential Biomarker of Psychosis in Children at Familial Risk.

We previously proposed the electroretinogram (ERG) as a promising biomarker of major psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP), given that we found anomalies in the ERG parameters of patients with these diagnoses as well as in their children who are at high risk (HR) of developing such disorders. The aim of the present study is to investigate the usefulness of the ERG for individual detection, among HR children, of an ERG profile resembling that of a SZ patient, as this may indicate a stronger likelihood of transition to psychosis. Using a logistic regression model previously derived from the ERG assessments of SZ patients and control (CT) subjects, individual risk scores were obtained for 61 HR and 80 CT youth.

Psychosocial Features of Shift Work Disorder.

To better understand Shift Work Disorder (SWD), this study investigates insomnia, sleepiness, and psychosocial features of night workers. The study compares night workers with or without SWD to day workers with or without insomnia. Seventy-nine night workers and 40 day workers underwent diagnostic interviews for sleep disorders and for psychopathologies.

The Pattern of Change in Depressive Symptoms and Inflammatory Markers After Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Systematic Review.

Depression is a major mental health disorder, and its pathophysiology is still largely unknown, as is the action mechanism of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Some evidence suggests that inflammation might play a role in depression, and several studies have attempted to demonstrate a link between ECT and cytokines. This systematic review used a qualitative analysis to assess the effect of ECT on inflammatory markers as it relates to the clinical response of depressive symptoms in major depressive disorders.

Incidence, Persistence, and Remission Rates of Insomnia Over 5 Years.

Importance: Insomnia is a significant public health problem, but there is little information on its natural history.

Objective: To assess the incidence, persistence, and remission rates of insomnia over a 5-year naturalistic follow-up period.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study included participants with and without sleep problems selected from the adult population in Canada from August 2007 to June 2014.

The Quality of Life in Bipolar Disorder (QoL.BD) Scale: Validation of a French Cross-Cultural Adaptation.

Objective: The goal of this study was to validate the French version of the Quality of Life in Bipolar Disorder (QoL.BD) scale, a condition-specific measure for bipolar disorder (BD).

Method: The QoL.

Electroretinography may reveal cognitive impairment among a cohort of subjects at risk of a major psychiatric disorder.

Introduction: Almost a third of the offspring of parents diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder could develop a mental disorder or related symptoms. The objectives of this study were to test the existence of two distinct subgroups of youth at-risk, according to their retinal response to luminance measured with electroretinography (ERG), and to relate the resulting cluster memberships with the cognitive clusters previously reported.

Methodology: A clustering analysis was performed with ERG measurements in 107 at-risk offspring.

Insomnia, hypnotic use, and road collisions: a population-based, 5-year cohort study.

Study Objectives: The study objectives were to examine accidental risks associated with insomnia or hypnotic medications, and how these risk factors interact with sex and age.

Methods: A population-based sample of 3,413 adults (Mage = 49.0 years old; 61.

The Electroretinogram May Differentiate Schizophrenia From Bipolar Disorder.

Background: The retina is recognized as an approachable part of the brain owing to their common embryonic origin. The electroretinogram (ERG) has proved to be a valuable tool to investigate psychiatric disorders. We therefore investigated its accuracy as a tool to differentiate schizophrenia (SZ) from bipolar disorder (BP) even after balancing patients for their main antipsychotic medication.

Children and Teens in Charge of their Health (CATCH): A protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial of solution-focused coaching to foster healthy lifestyles in childhood disability.

Introduction: Children with physical disabilities are rarely included in interventions to promote healthy lifestyles, despite being at higher risk for suboptimal dietary and physical activity behaviours. The Children and Teens in Charge of their Health study explores the feasibility and acceptability of conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a strengths-based, solution-focused coaching intervention for improving and sustaining physical activity and healthy dietary habits in children and young people with physical disabilities.

Methods And Analysis: Thirty children aged 10-18 years with a diagnosis of spina bifida or cerebral palsy who are able to set healthy lifestyle goals will be recruited from two children's rehabilitation hospitals in Ontario, Canada.

Polygenic risk scores distinguish patients from non-affected adult relatives and from normal controls in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder multi-affected kindreds.

Recent studies have used results on SNP association with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) to create polygenic risk scores (PRS) discriminating non-familial unrelated patients from controls. Little is known about the role of PRS in densely affected multigenerational families. We tested PRS differences between affected SZ and BD family members from their non-affected adult relatives (NAARs) in Eastern Quebec Kindreds and from controls.

Familial Aggregation of Insomnia.

Study Objectives: There is little information about familial aggregation of insomnia; however, this type of information is important to (1) improve our understanding of insomnia risk factors and (2) to design more effective treatment and prevention programs. This study aimed to investigate evidence of familial aggregation of insomnia among first-degree relatives of probands with and without insomnia.

Methods: Cases (n = 134) and controls (n = 145) enrolled in a larger epidemiological study were solicited to invite their first-degree relatives and spouses to complete a standardized sleep/insomnia survey.

Electroretinographic anomalies in medicated and drug free patients with major depression: Tagging the developmental roots of major psychiatric disorders.

The retina is tagged as an approachable part of the brain due to its common embryonic origin and appears as a promising site of investigation for psychiatric disorders. Retinal function is assessed best with the electroretinogram (ERG), which was obtained in a large sample of patients with major depressive disorder and matched controls. ERG cone and rod luminance response functions were recorded in non-dilated eyes in 100 major depressive disorder patients (MDD) and 100 controls, (mean age of 42.

Cognitive-behavior therapy singly and combined with medication for persistent insomnia: Impact on psychological and daytime functioning.

Unlabelled: While impairment of daytime functioning due to poor sleep is often the main determinant for seeking treatment, few studies have examined the clinical impact of insomnia therapies on daytime outcomes. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT), alone and combined with medication, on various indices of daytime and psychological functioning. Participants were 160 individuals with chronic insomnia who received CBT alone or CBT plus medication (zolpidem) for an initial six-week therapy, followed by an extended six-month therapy.

Patient Satisfaction with In-Home Telerehabilitation After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Unlabelled: Background and Introduction: Telerehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is supported by strong evidence on the effectiveness of such intervention and from a cost-benefit point of view. Satisfaction of patients toward in-home telerehabilitation after TKA has not yet been examined thoroughly in large-scale clinical trials. This study aims to compare satisfaction level of patients following in-home telerehabilitation (TELE) after TKA to one of the patients following a usual face-to-face home visit (STD) rehabilitation.

Impact of comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders on treatment response to cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of comorbid anxiety or depressive disorders on treatment response to cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) for insomnia, behavior therapy (BT), or cognitive therapy (CT).

Method: Participants were 188 adults (117 women; Mage = 47.4 years) with chronic insomnia, including 45 also presenting a comorbid anxiety or mild to moderate depressive disorder.

Conditions of Use, Reliability, and Quality of Audio/Video-Mediated Communications During In-Home Rehabilitation Teletreatment for Postknee Arthroplasty.

Background: Audio/video-mediated communication between patients and clinicians using videoconferencing over telecommunication networks is a key component of providing teletreatments in rehabilitation.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to (1) document the conditions of use, performance, and reliability of videoconferencing-based communication in the context of in-home teletreatment (TELE) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and (2) assess from the perspective of the providers, the quality attributes of the technology used and its impact on clinical objectives.

Materials And Methods: Descriptive embedded study in a randomized controlled trial using a sample of 97 post-TKA patients, who received a total of 1,431 TELE sessions.

Cognitive structure from childhood to adulthood in kindreds densely affected by schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

The developmental aspects of cognitive structures from childhood until adulthood and across different levels of risk for psychopathology have been little studied. The aim of the current study was to explore the cognitive factorial structure in subsamples from highly familial and densely affected kindreds of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder - i.e.

In-Home Telerehabilitation Compared with Face-to-Face Rehabilitation After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Noninferiority Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The availability of less resource-intensive alternatives to home visits for rehabilitation following orthopaedic surgeries is important, given the increasing need for home care services and the shortage of health resources. The goal of this trial was to determine whether an in-home telerehabilitation program is not clinically inferior to a face-to-face home visit approach (standard care) after hospital discharge of patients following a total knee arthroplasty.

Methods: Two hundred and five patients who had a total knee arthroplasty were randomized before hospital discharge to the telerehabilitation group or the face-to-face home visit group.

Childhood abuse and neglect may induce deficits in cognitive precursors of psychosis in high-risk children.

Background: Millions of children are born to parents affected by major psychoses. Cognitive dysfunctions seen in patients are already detectable in these children. In parallel, childhood maltreatment increases the risk of adult psychoses through unknown mechanisms.