[Bad-Mad-Female. Scientific Analyses of Female Violent Crime from the 1960s to the 1990s].

While female capital offences have repeatedly caused a stir since the beginning of the modern era at the latest, female violent crime has remained a marginal phenomenon in statistical observations for a long time. Forensics, with its traditional core disciplines of psychiatry and law, also remained focused on the dangerous male perpetrator for a long time in its analysis and theory development beyond infanticide: male forensic scientists analysed male perpetrators of violence.Since the 1960s, there has been an increasing number of scientific contributions on female criminality and its causes in West Germany.

Destigmatizing Palliative Care among Young Adults-A Theoretical Intervention Mapping Approach.

In medicine, stigmatization pertains to both afflicted individuals and diseases themselves but can also encompass entire medical fields. In regard to demographic change and the rising prevalence of oncological diseases, palliative care will become increasingly important. However, palliative care faces multiple stigmas.

The General Public and Young Adults' Knowledge and Perception of Palliative Care: A Systematic Review.

As a result of demographic change, chronic and oncological diseases are gaining importance in the context of public health. Palliative care plays a crucial role in maintaining the quality of life of those affected. International guidelines demand access to palliative care not only for the elderly but also for younger people who face severe illnesses.

[Awards in pathology-a man's world?].

Background: Awards provide their recipients with fame and recognition, and subsequently facilitate publications and acquisition of external funding through increased visibility. We hypothesize that despite increasing representation in pathology, women are underrepresented as awardees in the German Society of Pathology and consequently there is an associated imbalance between genders.

Material And Methods: Published data from the German Society of Pathology on female awardees during the period from 2000 to 2022 were examined.

Treatment Decision-Making Capacity in Forensic vs Non-forensic Psychiatric Patients: A European Comparison.

Background: Consent to treatment is a cornerstone of medical ethics and law. Nevertheless, very little empirical evidence is available to inform clinicians and policymakers regarding the capacities of forensic patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) to make decisions about their treatment, with the risk of clinical and legal inertia, silent coercion, stigmatization, or ill-conceived reforms.

Study Design: In this multinational study, we assessed and compared with treatment-related decisional capacities in forensic and non-forensic patients with SSD.

A conceptual approach to the rationale for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine allocation prioritisation.

Currently vaccines protecting from COVID-19 are a scarce resource. Prioritising vaccination for certain groups of society is placed in a context of uncertainty due to changing evidence on the available vaccines and changing infection dynamics. To meet accepted ethical standards of procedural justice and individual autonomy, vaccine allocation strategies need to state reasons for prioritisation explicitly while at the same time communicating the expected risks and benefits of vaccination at different times and with different vaccines transparently.

E Pluribus Octo - Building Consensus on Standards of Care and Experimentation in Cephalopod Research; a Historical Outlook.

The Directive 2010/63/EU "on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes" originally induced some concern among cephalopod researchers, because of the inclusion of cephalopod mollusks as the only invertebrates among the protected species. Here we reflect on the challenges and issues raised by the Directive on cephalopod science, and discuss some of the arguments that elicited discussion within the scientific community, to facilitate the implementation of the Directive 2010/63/EU in the scientific research context. A short overview of the aims of the COST Action FA1301 "CephsAction," serves as a paradigmatic instance of a pragmatic and progressive approach adopted to respond to novel legislative concerns through community-building and expansion of the historical horizon.

Imagining the brain as a book: Oskar and Cécile Vogt's "library of brains".

In 1927, the German popular science magazine Die Koralle published an article entitled "The Library of Brains." The article was about the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Brain Research in Berlin, established in 1914 as the continuation of the "Neurological Central Station" founded by Oskar Vogt (1870-1959) in 1898. The library metaphor plays on the huge collection of human and animal brains Oskar and his wife Cécile (1875-1862) had gathered over several decades.

Sharing intimacy in "open" intensive care units.

Purpose: Opening intensive care units (ICUs) is particularly relevant because of a new Swiss law granting the relatives of patients without decision-making capability a central role in medical decisions. The main objectives of the study were to assess how the presence of relatives is viewed by patients, health care providers, and relatives themselves and to evaluate the perception of the level of intrusiveness into the personal sphere during admission.

Material And Methods: In a longitudinal and prospective design, qualitative questionnaires were submitted concomitantly to patients, relatives, and health care providers consecutively over a 6-month period.

Clever Hans and his effects: Karl Krall and the origins of experimental parapsychology in Germany.

Shortly before the outbreak of World War I, the so-called Elberfeld horses, the counting and speaking animals, were among the most debated subjects of the newborn comparative psychology. Yet, they have left little trace in the historiography of this discipline, mostly as an appendix of the more famous Clever Hans. Their story is generally told as the prelude to the triumph of reductionistic experimental psychology.

The place of the unknown in the Medical Humanities.

In the birth and development of the Medical Humanities, literature has played a crucial role, both as an educational resource and as an analytical device. This article proposes an appraisal of this approach by focussing on a model literary situation. Taking the move from Alberto Barrera Tyszka's novel La enfermedad [The illness], the authors identify and explore some of the "places of ignorance" that can emerge in the doctor-patient relationship, as potentially in any form of intersubjective encounter.

Philosophical whitewashing. Ludwig Binswanger (1881-1966) and the sterilisation of manic-depressive patients.

The Swiss psychiatrist Ludwig Binswanger is known as the founder of the Daseinsanalyse (existential analysis) and more generally for having applied contemporary philosophical concepts and theories to psychiatry. The fortune of the philosopher Binswanger constituted a formidable obstacle to a historical scrutiny of his actual clinical practice. In the long run, the philosopher overshadowed the psychiatrist.

["A little scourge of humanity". Notes on the term 'tic'].

The assimilation by the medical community of terms belonging to current language is a rare phenomenon. The word 'tic' constitutes a remarkable exception to this rule. In this article, the author explores the origins and some historical and epistemological consequences of this case of osmosis between two different discourses, focusing on the attempts, by the XIX Century French medical community, to appropriate from common language and redefine both the term and the concept of 'tic'.