Assessing and Understanding Reactance, Self-Exemption, Disbelief, Source Derogation and Information Conflict in Reaction to Overdiagnosis in Mammography Screening: Scale Development and Preliminary Validation.

Purpose: Overdiagnosis is a concept central to making informed breast cancer screening decisions, and yet some people may react to overdiagnosis with doubt and skepticism. The present research assessed 4 related reactions to overdiagnosis: reactance, self-exemption, disbelief, and source derogation (REDS). The degree to which the concept of overdiagnosis conflicts with participants' prior beliefs and health messages (information conflict) was also assessed as a potential antecedent of REDS.

Evaluation of a Novel Hospice-Specific Patient Decision Aid.

We tested a novel hospice-specific patient decision aid to determine whether the decision aid could improve hospice knowledge, opinions of hospice, and decision self-efficacy in making decisions about hospice. Two patient-level randomized studies were conducted using two different cohorts. Recruitment was completed from March 2019 through May 2020.

How Do Patients Describe Hospice Care? A Qualitative Analysis of the Language Used by Older Adults to Describe Hospice Care.

Misconceptions about hospice are prevalent and create barriers to hospice enrollment. These misconceptions may be a result of the confusing language around hospice care. To conduct a content analysis exploring the language used and accuracy in which older adults describe hospice.

Patient Roadmaps for Chronic Illness: Introducing a New Approach for Fostering Patient-Centered Care.

Too frequently, patients with chronic illnesses are surprised by disease-related changes and are unprepared to make decisions based on their values. Many patients are not activated and do not see a role for themselves in decision making, which is a key barrier to shared decision making and patient-centered care. Patient decision aids can educate and activate patients at the time of key decisions, and yet, for patients diagnosed with chronic illness, it would be advantageous to activate patients in advance of critical decisions.

Who is susceptible to online health misinformation? A test of four psychosocial hypotheses.

Health misinformation on social media threatens public health. One question that could lend insight into how and through whom misinformation spreads is whether certain people are susceptible to many types of health misinformation, regardless of the health topic at hand. This study provided an initial answer to this question and also tested four hypotheses concerning the psychosocial attributes of people who are susceptible to health misinformation: (1) deficits in knowledge or skill, (2) preexisting attitudes, (3) trust in health care and/or science, and (4) cognitive miserliness.

Development of a Decision Aid for Patients and Families Considering Hospice.

Hospice is underutilized. Miscommunication, decisional complexity, and misunderstanding around engaging hospice may contribute. Shared decision making (SDM), aided by patient decision aids (PtDAs), can improve knowledge and decision quality.

Content Analysis of Negative Online Reviews of Hospice Agencies in the United States.

Importance: As online reviews of health care become increasingly integral to patient decision-making, understanding their content can help health care practices identify and address patient concerns.

Objective: To identify the most frequently cited complaints in negative (ie, 1-star) online reviews of hospice agencies across the United States.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This qualitative study conducted a thematic analysis of online reviews of US hospice agencies posted between August 2011 and July 2019.

"It's Like a Death Sentence but It Really Isn't" What Patients and Families Want to Know About Hospice Care When Making End-of-Life Decisions.

Background: Hospice is underutilized, due to both lack of initiation from patients and late referral from clinicians. Prior research has suggested the reasons for underuse are multifactorial, including clinician and patient lack of understanding, misperceptions about the nature of hospice care, and poor communication during end-of-life discussions about hospice care. Little is known about the decisional needs of patients and families engaging in hospice decision-making.

End-of-Life Care Planning: The Importance of Older Adults' Marital Status and Gender.

As the U.S. population ages, dramatic shifts are occurring in the proportion of older adults who are divorced and widowed.

Implementation and Evaluation of a Novel Colorectal Cancer Decision Aid Using a Centralized Delivery Strategy.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States; however, CRC screening reduces both incidence and mortality rates. Patient decision aids (DAs) are an evidence-based strategy to support patients making health-related decisions. CRC screening DAs can be unsuccessful due to provider preferences for colonoscopy and lack of effective DA implementation strategies within clinical settings.

Hospice, She Yelped: Examining the Quantity and Quality of Decision Support Available to Patient and Families Considering Hospice.

Context: Whether to engage hospice is one of the most difficult medical decisions patients and families make. Meanwhile, misperceptions about hospice persist. Within this context, the breadth and depth of patient decision support materials for hospice are unknown.