Acute cerebral ischemia is a leading cause of death and disability, particularly among old adults. The narrow therapeutic window and risk of hemorrhagic transformation largely limit patient eligibility for the current treatment. The neuroinflammatory signaling pathway involving the prostaglandin E2 (PGE) receptor subtype EP2 has now been clarified to contribute to the secondary neurotoxicity following ischemic stroke.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreast cancer with positive expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα+) accounts for 70% of breast cancer cases, whose predominant treatment is currently endocrine therapy. The main strategy of endocrine therapy for ERα+ breast cancer is to inhibit the ERα signaling pathway and downregulate ERα levels, which often results in mutations in the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of ERα, leading to significant resistance to subsequent treatment in patients. To combat drug resistance, we first proposed a novel aptamer PROTAC strategy through specifically targeted degradation of ERα via targeting the DNA-binding domain (DBD) of ERα.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSphingomyelin is an important member of the sphingolipid family and was first reported more than a century ago. It has been demonstrated that sphingomyelin plays a crucial role in compositing cell membranes and signaling pathways. Despite extensive functional studies on the sphingolipid metabolism pathway genes, one intriguing question remains: how does the emergence of these genes during evolution correlate with the acquisition of new functions in different species? By employing an evolutionary conservation analysis, the sequence of occurrence of biological processes during evolutionary history can be elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The accessory navicular bone (ANB) is a common accessory bone in the foot. Certain ANBs significantly impair patients' feet normal walking function. Foot injury is associated with ANB after athletic training.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLIG4 syndrome is an exceptionally rare primary immune deficiency. It is an autosomal recessive genetic disease, falling within the spectrum of genetic disorders characterized by impaired DNA damage response mechanisms. Common clinical characteristics encompass microcephaly, growth retardation, developmental delays, facial deformities, variable immune deficiencies, pancytopenia, heightened susceptibility to malignant tumors, and significant clinical and cellular radiosensitivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVessel scaffolds are crucial for treating cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It is currently feasible to fabricate vessel scaffolds from a variety of materials using traditional fabrication methods, but the risks of thrombus formation, chronic inflammation, and atherosclerosis associated with these scaffolds have led to significant limitations in the clinical usages. Bioprinting, as an emerging technology, has great potential in constructing implantable vessel scaffolds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor with a high incidence rate in certain regions. MicroRNA (miRNA/miR)-22-3p is implicated in the regulation of tumorigenesis and progression. However, the biological role of miRNA-22-3p in the progression of NPC remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To investigate the efficacy of systemic mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as an adjunct in combination with topical tacrolimus (FK506) and corticosteroid eyedrops for preventing corneal graft rejection after high-risk keratoplasty (HRK).
Methods: In this cohort study, 55 consecutive patients (55 eyes) from an eye center who met the criteria of HRK were included. The definition for HRK includes large grafts of no less than 9 mm diameter, vascularized cornea of two or more quadrants, regrafting, or eccentric grafts.
Int J Ophthalmol
December 2024
Aim: To quantify the severity and frequency of ocular pain in Tibetan plateau patients with dry eye, and to evaluate the related factors affecting ocular pain.
Methods: A retrospective study included 160 cases of dry eye disease (DED) patients who were treated from July 2022 to June 2023. Age, gender, occupation, illness course, anxiety, plateau duration, plateau protection, ocular surface disease index scale (OSDI), break-up time (BUT), Schirmer I test (SIT), conjunctivitis, history of ophthalmic medication, autoimmune disease, the workload of daily near vision range, smoking and overnight stay were obtained comprehensive ophthalmic assessment, and their duration was followed up.
Aim: To evaluate the relationship between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) and the disease activity of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).
Methods: A total of 87 patients were classified into two groups based on clinical activity score (CAS) scoring criteria: high CAS group (=62, the CAS score was ≥3); low CAS group (=25, the CAS score was <3). In addition, a group of healthy people (=114) were included to compared the MHR.
Purpose: Orbital inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are a rare tumor with intermediate biological potential. We analyzed a series of orbital IMTs to determine their unique features.
Methods: Records from patients with pathologically confirmed IMT at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, between January 2004 and August 2022, were reviewed for their ocular presentation and treatment outcomes.
Spatial hearing relies on the encoding of perceptual sound location cues in space. It is critical for communicating in background noise, and understanding where sounds are coming from (sound localization). Although there are some monoaural spatial hearing cues (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Liver metastasis (LM) is of vital importance in making treatment-related decisions in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of our study was to develop and validate prediction models for LM in CRC by making use of machine learning.
Methods: We selected patients diagnosed with CRC from 2010 to 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.
Background: Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) is a common male urinary system cancer, and its targeted treatment is difficult. This study aimed to investigate the value of B cell senescence-related genes in PRAD prognosis.
Methods: PRAD sample expression and clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Program and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, and B cell senescence-related gene sets were obtained from the Genecards library.
Background: Lenalidomide-based therapies are recommended as first-line treatment for multiple myeloma (MM) patients, regardless of the transplant eligibility. Resistance to lenalidomide is a clinical problem that urgently needs to be addressed. The expression of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is abnormally high in a variety of tumor tissues including MM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Cancer Res
November 2024
Background: Phosphorylation-dephosphorylation is one of the most common and critical cellular activities. It is essential for cell cycle control and leads to large changes in protein conformation, which can alter protein function and coordinate multiple functions such as cell metabolism, gene transcription and translation, signaling, growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Alterations in the phosphorylated proteome have been shown in many cancers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCognitive impairment is a critical non-motor symptom of Parkinson's Disease (PD) that profoundly affects patients' quality of life. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has emerged as a valuable tool for investigating the structural and functional brain changes associated with cognitive impairment in PD (PD-CI). MRI techniques enable the precise identification and monitoring of the onset and progression of cognitive deficits in PD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReconstruction of the eyelid is a complex process that requires an understanding of eyelid anatomy and various reconstructive techniques to restore function and appearance. The eyelids, essential for globe protection, moisture retention, and expression, contain the lacrimal system and intricate musculature that make reconstruction challenging. Tumor excision commonly results in defects in the eyelid that require careful reconstructive planning, with consideration for defect dimensions, location, and involvement of surrounding tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe physical characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME) include solid stress, interstitial fluid pressure, tissue stiffness and microarchitecture. Among them, abnormal changes in tissue stiffness hinder drug delivery, inhibit infiltration of immune killer cells to the tumor site, and contribute to tumor resistance to immunotherapy. Therefore, targeting tissue stiffness to increase the infiltration of drugs and immune cells can offer a powerful support and opportunities to improve the immunotherapy efficacy in solid tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall intestinal metastasis from primary breast cancer remains a rare clinical occurrence. Despite extensive research into its clinicopathological features and treatment options, the specific pathogenesis and optimal management strategies remain incompletely understood. This case report presents a patient with breast cancer that metastasized to the small intestine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: As China is one of the countries with the highest recorded cases of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases (IMIDs), these diseases have also emerged as a serious public health concern. Biosimilars, potentially lower-cost versions of biologics, may improve access to more affordable yet comparably effective treatments. Encouragingly, China launched its abbreviated biosimilar pathway in 2015, and since then, a large number of biosimilars have been approved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUncontrolled hemorrhage remains the leading cause of death in clinical and emergency care, posing a major threat to human life. To achieve effective bleeding control, many hemostatic materials have emerged. Among them, nature-derived biopolymers occupy an important position due to the excellent inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability and bioactivity.
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