Discovery of Lipoxygenase-Like Materials for Inducing Ferroptosis.

Recent research has highlighted the pivotal role of lipoxygenases in modulating ferroptosis and immune responses by catalyzing the generation of lipid peroxides. However, the limitations associated with protein enzymes, such as poor stability, low bioavailability, and high production costs, have motivated researchers to explore biomimetic materials with lipoxygenase-like activity. Here, we report the discovery of lipoxygenase-like two-dimensional (2D) MoSnanosheets capable of catalyzing lipid peroxidation and inducing ferroptosis.

Carbon microspheres prepared from soluble starch hydrothermal carbonization for extending thermal stability of water-based drilling fluid.

This study employed hydrothermal carbon microspheres (HCMs) as high-temperature stabilizers in drilling fluids. The HCMs were synthesized through a green hydrothermal carbonization method, using soluble starch as the precursor. The impact of HCMs on the thermal stability of xanthan, polyanionic cellulose and synthetic polymer solutions was assessed by comparing their rheological changes before and after thermal aging.

Atmospheric emissions of fine particle matter bound rare earth elements from industry.

Unintentional releases of rare earth elements (REEs), emerging environmental pollutants, from global industries contribute to atmospheric pollution. However, a gap remains regarding the recognition of REYs in industrial fine particulate matter (PM) as a primary source of atmospheric PM. Here, we identified the characteristic of REEs in PM from 114 large-scale industries covering 13 important sectors.

Atmospheric emissions of particulate matter-bound heavy metals from industrial sources.

Although industrial activities are significant contributors to atmospheric releases of particulate matter (PM) and associated toxic substances that lead to adverse human health effects, a knowledge gap exists concerning the human health risk resulting from such activities owing to lack of evaluation of industrial emissions. Here, we comprehensively characterized and quantified PM from 118 full-scale industrial plants. The dominant (97.

Atmospheric emissions of hexachlorobutadiene in fine particulate matter from industrial sources.

Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) is a concerning chemical that is included in the United States Toxic Substances Control Act, and the Stockholm Convention. Knowledge of the sources of HCBD is insufficient and is pivotal for accurate inventory and implementing global action. In this study, unintentional HCBD release and source emission factors of 121 full-scale industrial plants from 12 industries are investigated.

Nano-microflora Interaction Inducing Pulmonary Inflammation by Pyroptosis.

Antimicrobial nanomaterials frequently induce inflammatory reactions within lung tissues and prompt apoptosis in lung cells, yielding a paradox due to the inherent anti-inflammatory character of apoptosis. This paradox accentuates the elusive nature of the signaling cascade underlying nanoparticle (NP)-induced pulmonary inflammation. In this study, we unveil the pivotal role of nano-microflora interactions, serving as the crucial instigator in the signaling axis of NP-induced lung inflammation.

High-Performance Monolithic 3D Integrated Complementary Inverters Based on Monolayer n-MoS and p-WSe.

Herein, the structure of integrated M3D inverters are successfully demonstrated where a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesized monolayer WSe p-type nanosheet FET is vertically integrated on top of CVD synthesized monolayer MoS n-type film FET arrays (2.5 × 2.5 cm) by semiconductor industry techniques, such as transfer, e-beam evaporation (EBV), and plasma etching processes.

Industrial source identification of polyhalogenated carbazoles and preliminary assessment of their global emissions.

Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are emerging global pollutants found in environmental matrices, e.g., 3000 tonnes of PHCZs have been detected in the sediments of the Great Lakes.

Effects of capsicum oleoresin supplementation on rumen fermentation and microbial abundance under different temperature and dietary conditions .

This study aimed to determine the effect of capsicum oleoresin (CAP) on rumen fermentation and microbial abundance under different temperature and dietary conditions . The experimental design was arranged in a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial format together with two temperatures (normal: 39°C; hyperthermal: 42°C), two forage/concentrate ratios (30:70; 70:30), and two CAP concentrations in the incubation fluid at 20 and 200 mg/L with a control group. Regarding the fermentation characteristics, high temperature reduced short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production except for molar percentages of butyrate while increasing acetate-to-propionate ratio and ammonia concentration.

Concentrations, congener patterns, and correlations of unintentional persistent organic pollutants in cement kilns co-processing hazardous waste.

Emissions from two typical cement kilns co-processing different kind of hazardous waste were analyzed for 143 congeners of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated naphthalenes, polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. The congener distributions in different process stages were investigated. One of the plants co-processed waste chemical reagents from laboratories.

Variation in the formation characteristics of PBDD/F, brominated PAH, and PBDE congeners along the secondary copper smelting processes.

Simultaneous determination of 58 congeners of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Br-PAHs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) from multiple stages of industrial-scale secondary copper smelting plants was conducted with the aim of understanding their variations and control. In addition to the historical manufacture of PBDEs as brominated flame retardants, this study confirmed that PBDEs can be unintentionally produced and released from the secondary copper industry. The average mass emission factors of PBDD/Fs, PBDEs, and Br-PAHs from different sources were 10.

Method development for determination of polyhalogenated carbazoles in industrial waste through gas chromatography/triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry.

Rationale: Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are dioxin-like compounds that are ubiquitous in the environment. However, their unintentional emissions from industrial sources have received little attention and there is no method available for determination of PHCZs in industrial waste. This research develops a method for determination of PHCZs in industrial waste.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Dietary Exposure and Health Risk of Polychlorinated Naphthalenes.

Intake from food is considered an important route of human exposure to polychlorinated naphthalenes. To our knowledge, several studies have quantified dietary exposure but only in European countries and measuring only a few of the 75 congeners. In addition, the influence of source diversity on human exposure has seldom been assessed.

Microbial response and adaption to thallium contamination in soil profiles.

Thallium (Tl) is a trace metal with high toxicity. Comprehensive investigation of spatial distribution of Tl and microorganism is still limited in soils from mining area. In this study, 16S rRNA sequencing and network analysis were used for deciphering the co-occurrence patterns of bacterial communities in two different types of soil profiles around a typical Tl-bearing pyrite mine.

Constrained Active Fault Tolerant Control Based on Active Fault Diagnosis and Interpolation Optimization.

A new active fault tolerant control scheme based on active fault diagnosis is proposed to address the component/actuator faults for systems with state and input constraints. Firstly, the active fault diagnosis is composed of diagnostic observers, constant auxiliary signals, and separation hyperplanes, all of which are designed offline. In online applications, only a single diagnostic observer is activated to achieve fault detection and isolation.

Development of a preoperative prognostic scoring system to predict benefits of hepatic resection in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Objective: The present study aimed to identify risk factors for overall survival in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and establish a scoring system to select patients who would benefit from hepatic resection.

Methods: Survival curves were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. The prognostic scoring system was developed from training cohort using a Cox-regression model and validated in a external validation cohort Results: There were 401 patients in the training cohort, 163 patients in the external validation cohorts.

Characterization and degradation mechanism of bimetallic iron-based/AC activated persulfate for PAHs-contaminated soil remediation.

In this research, a novel iron based bimetallic nanoparticles (Fe-Ni) supported on activated carbon (AC) were synthesized and employed as an activator of persulfate in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) polluted sites remediation. AC-supported Fe-Ni activator was prepared according to two-step reduction method: the liquid phase reduction and H- reduction under high temperature (600 °C), which was defined as Fe-Ni/AC. Characterizations using micropore physisorption analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) showed that the synthetic material had large specific surface area, nano-size and carbon-encapsulated metal particles, moreover, the lattice fringes of metals were clearly defined.

Evaluation of liver regeneration and post-hepatectomy liver failure after hemihepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

To explore clinical factors associated with extent of liver regeneration after hemihepatectomy to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Future liver remnant volume (as a percentage of functional liver volume, %FLRV) and remnant liver volume were measured preoperatively and at 1, 5, 9, and 13 weeks postoperatively. After hepatectomy, 1 of 125 patients (0.

Adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma involving microvascular invasion.

Background: Microvascular invasion (MVI) has recently been reported to be an independent prognostic factor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study compared the outcomes of adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (A-TACE) after hepatic resection (HR) in patients with HCC involving MVI.

Methods: This prospective study involved 200 consecutive patients with MVI-HCC who underwent HR alone (n = 109) or HR with A-TACE (n = 91).

Preseeding of human vascular cells in decellularized bovine pericardium scaffold for tissue-engineered heart valve: an in vitro and in vivo feasibility study.

Human vascular cells from saphenous veins have been used for cell seeding on the synthetic scaffolds for constructing tissue-engineered heart valve (TEHV). However, little is known about the seeding of human vascular cells on bovine pericardium, a potential natural scaffold for TEHV. This study was aimed to assess the basic in vitro and in vivo characteristics of the human vascular cells seeded on decellularized bovine pericardium.

An in vitro model for studying neutrophil activation during cardiopulmonary bypass by using a polymerase chain reaction thermocycler.

The accurate temperature control of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) thermocycler was exploited in developing an in vitro model to study neutrophil activation during cardiopulmonary bypass. Neutrophils from 12 volunteers underwent temperature changes in a PCR thermocycler (37 degrees C for 30 minutes, 28 degrees C for 60 minutes, and then 37 degrees C for 90 minutes). Different co-incubates were applied to neutrophils, as follows: Group A: phosphate-buffered saline solution; Group B: platelet activating factor (PAF) ; Group C: platelet-depleted plasma; Group D: platelet-depleted plasma + PAF; and Group E: platelet-rich plasma.

Favorable effects of the detergent and enzyme extraction method for preparing decellularized bovine pericardium scaffold for tissue engineered heart valves.

Bovine pericardium has been extensively applied as the biomaterial for artificial heart valves and may potentially be used as a scaffold for tissue-engineered heart valves after decellularization. Although various methods of decellularization are currently available, it is unknown which method is the most ideal one for the decellularization for bovine pericardium. We compared three decellularization methods, namely, the detergent and enzyme extraction (DEE), the trypsin (TS), and the Triton X-100 and sodium-deoxycholate (TSD) method, to examine their efficacy on cell removal and their preservation of the mechanical function and the tissue matrix structure.