An ultrasound image segmentation method for thyroid nodules based on dual-path attention mechanism-enhanced UNet+.

Purpose: This study aims to design an auxiliary segmentation model for thyroid nodules to increase diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, thereby reducing the workload of medical personnel.

Methods: This study proposes a Dual-Path Attention Mechanism (DPAM)-UNet++ model, which can automatically segment thyroid nodules in ultrasound images. Specifically, the model incorporates dual-path attention modules into the skip connections of the UNet++ network to capture global contextual information in feature maps.

A prenyltransferase participates in the biosynthesis of anthraquinones in Rubia cordifolia.

Anthraquinones (AQs) constitute the largest group of natural quinones, which are used as safe natural dyes and have many pharmaceutical applications. In plants, AQs are biosynthesized through two main routes: the polyketide pathway and the shikimate pathway. The latter primarily forms alizarin-type AQs, and the prenylation of 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (DHNA) is the first pathway-specific step.

Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) molecular networking guided profiling of small molecules from Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg leaves and their bioactivity evaluation.

Introduction: Agarwood, a fragrant resinous wood mainly formed by Aquilaria spp., is used worldwide as a natural fragrance and traditional medicine. A large amount of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.

An improved PBFT consensus algorithm based on grouping and credit grading.

To improve the blockchain consensus algorithm practical Byzantine fault tolerance (PBFT) with random master node selection, which has high communication overhead and a small supported network size, this paper proposes a Byzantine fault tolerant consensus algorithm based on credit (CBFT) enhanced with a grouping and credit model. The CBFT algorithm divides the network nodes according to the speed of their response to the management nodes, resulting in different consensus sets, and achieves consensus within and outside the group separately to reduce communication overhead and increase system security. Second, the nodes are divided into different types according to the credit model, each with different responsibilities to reduce the probability that the master node is a malicious node.

The discovery and characterization of AeHGO in the branching route from shikonin biosynthesis to shikonofuran in .

Shikonin derivatives are natural naphthoquinone compounds and the main bioactive components produced by several boraginaceous plants, such as and . Phytochemical studies utilizing both and cultured cells indicate the existence of a competing route branching out from the shikonin biosynthetic pathway to shikonofuran. A previous study has shown that the branch point is the transformation from ()-3''-hydroxy-geranylhydroquinone to an aldehyde intermediate ()-3''-oxo-geranylhydroquinone.

P-PBFT: An improved blockchain algorithm to support large-scale pharmaceutical traceability.

To solve the problems of high latency, high system overhead, and small supported scale in the current application of pharmaceutical traceability combined with blockchain technology, an algorithm called Pharmaceutical-Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (P-PBFT) based on PBFT, grouping, and credit voting is proposed. The algorithm combines the characteristics of a pharmaceutical supply chain, optimizes the consistency protocol in the original algorithm, divides large-scale network nodes into different consensus sets by response speed, and performs grouping consensus. The algorithm's credit model and voting mechanism dynamically updates user status according to the behavior of nodes in consensus, evaluates the reliability of users, and also serves as a basis for electing management nodes.

Molecular identification and functional characterization of two glycosyltransferases genes from .

The traditional Chinese medicine plant (Thunb.) Harald. contains various pharmacodynamically active glycosides, such as stilbene glycosides, anthraquinone (AQ) glycosides, and flavonoid glycosides.

[Effects of Leptin and Leptin-associated Signaling Pathways on the Occurrence and Progression of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms].

Abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA) is a chronic dilated artery disease induced by atherosclerosis,infection,trauma and other related causes.The available studies about AAA mainly focus on the inflammatory response,senility,and microenvironmental changes,while the research on the metabolic changes such as glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism remains to be conducted.As a critical regulatory factor in endocrine,glucose,and lipid metabolisms,leptin is associated with a variety of signaling pathways such as adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase,Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,and cytokine-cytokine receptor,as demonstrated by the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis.

Identification of Medicinal Compounds of Fagopyri Dibotryis Rhizome from Different Origins and Its Varieties Using UPLC-MS/MS-Based Metabolomics.

, being native to southwest China, is widely distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou Provinces and Chongqing City. However, the quality of medicinal materials growing in different origins varies greatly, and cannot meet the market demand for high-quality . In this study, 648 metabolites were identified, and phenolic compounds of from different origins were clearly separated by principal component analysis (PCA).

Key ferroptosis-related genes in abdominal aortic aneurysm formation and rupture as determined by combining bioinformatics techniques.

Objectives: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a cardiovascular disease with high mortality and pathogenesis closely related to various cell death types, e.g., autophagy, apoptosis and pyroptosis.

The molecular mechanism of Ang II induced-AAA models based on proteomics analysis in ApoE and CD57BL/6J mice.

Apolipoprotein knockout (ApoE) and CD57BL/6J mouse models of angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are commonly used in AAA research. However, the similarities and differences in the molecular mechanisms of AAA in these two genotypes have not been reported. In our study, we analyzed proteomics data from ApoE and CD57BL/6J mouse models of Ang II-induced AAA and control mice by LC-MS/MS.

RING finger 138 deregulation distorts NF-кB signaling and facilities colitis switch to aggressive malignancy.

Prolonged activation of nuclear factor (NF)-кB signaling significantly contributes to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). New therapeutic opportunities are emerging from targeting this distorted cell signaling transduction. Here, we discovered the critical role of RING finger 138 (RNF138) in CRC tumorigenesis through regulating the NF-кB signaling, which is independent of its Ubiquitin-E3 ligase activity involved in DNA damage response.

HLB induce changes in the tree physiology of citron ( L. var. Swingle).

Unlabelled: Huanglongbing (HLB) is a highly destructive disease that decreases the yield and quality of L. var. Swingle ( var.

Presence of Anti-MDA5 Antibody and Its Value for the Clinical Assessment in Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Striking similarities have been found between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody (Ab)-related dermatomyositis, implying a shared autoinflammatory aberrance. Herein, we aim to investigate whether the anti-MDA5 Ab is present in COVID-19 and correlates with the severity and adverse outcome of COVID-19 patients.

Methods And Findings: We retrospectively recruited 274 adult inpatients with COVID-19 in this study, including 48, 164, and 62 cases of deaths, severe, and non-severe patients respectively.

[Screening of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and its effect on seed germination of Polygonum multiflorum].

In this study, the rhizobacteria and actinomycetes of Polygonum multiflorum were screened for the strains with indole acetic acid(IAA)-producing capacity by Salkowski method, the siderophore-producing strains by Chrome Azurol S(CAS) assay, and the strains with inorganic phosphorus-solubilizing capacity by PKO inorganic phosphorus medium. The strains were identified by morphological identification, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and 16 S rDNA sequences. Furthermore, the effect of growth-promoting strains on the seed germination and development of P.

[Effects of drought stress on physiological and biochemical and chemical components of Cinnamomum cassia seedlings].

Six month old Cinnamomum cassia seedlings were used to simulate drought stress with polyethylene glycol(PEG 6000). The physiological indicators(osmotic substances, antioxidant enzymes, etc.) and chemical components of seedlings under different drought levels and the correlation between the two were studied.

MicroRNA-320a: an important regulator in the fibrotic process in interstitial lung disease of systemic sclerosis.

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an acquired autoimmune disorder characterized by excessive accumulation of collagen and progressive tissue fibrosis. Although interstitial lung disease (ILD) complicates the majority of SSc patients and is the leading cause of death, its pathogenesis remains largely unclear. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the role of microRNAs in SSc-ILD.

[Effect of Polygonum multiflorum-Andrographis paniculata intercropping system on rhizosphere soil actinomycetes community structure and diversity of P. multiflorum].

To investigate the effect of Polygonum multiflorum-Andrographis paniculata intercropping system on rhizosphere soil actinomycetes of P. multiflorum, the community structure and diversity of soil actinomycetes were studied by using the original soil as the control group and the rhizosphere soil actinomycetes communities of P. multiflorum under monoculture and intercropping systems as the experimental group.

Simpler is better: Predicting consumer vehicle purchases in the short run.

When agencies such as the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) establish future greenhouse gas emissions standards for new vehicles, forecasting future vehicle purchases due to changes in fuel economy and prices provides insight into regulatory impacts. We compare predictions from a nested logit model independently developed for US EPA to a simple model where past market share predicts future market share using data from model years 2008, 2010, and 2016. The simple model outperforms the nested logit model for all goodness-of-prediction measures for both prediction years.

Consistency analysis of microRNA-arm expression reveals microRNA-369-5p/3p as tumor suppressors in gastric cancer.

The 5p and 3p arms of microRNA (miRNA) are typically generated from the same precursor, and one arm influences protein output, while the other has a short half-life. However, a few miR-5p/3p pairs have been reported to co-exist in cancer cells. Here, we performed a genome-wide analysis of miRNA expression in gastric cancer (GC) cells to systematically investigate the co-expression profile of miR-5p/3p in gastric tumorigenesis.

Gemcitabine exhibits a suppressive effect on pancreatic cancer cell growth by regulating processing of PVT1 to miR1207.

Gemcitabine serves as a first-line chemotherapy agent for advanced pancreatic cancer (PC). However, the molecular basis by which gemcitabine exerts its effects is not well-established, and the targeted genetic pathways remain unclear. Pvt1 oncogene (non-protein coding) (PVT1) has been reported to be an oncogenic long non-coding RNA in tumorigenesis.

RNF138 confers cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells via activating Chk1 signaling pathway.

Chemotherapy resistance represents a major issue associated with gastric cancer (GC) treatment, and arises through multiple mechanisms, including modulation of the cell-cycle check point. Several ubiquitin kinases, including RING finger protein 138 (RNF138), have been reported to mediate the G2/M phase arrest. In this study, we investigated the role of RNF138 in the development of cisplatin resistance of two GC cell lines.

[Effect of Acupuncture on the Expression of Transcription Factor T-bet/GATA-3 in Plasma of Rats with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome].

Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture on the expression of T-box expressed in T cell (T-bet)/GATA binding factor-3 (GATA-3) in plasma of rats with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and explore the mechanism of acupuncture treatment for CFS.

Methods: Forty-eight healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, CFS model group, acupuncture group, and ginsenoside group (12 rats in each group). CFS rat model was established by combining restriction and cold water swimming.