A multidimensional atlas of human glioblastoma-like organoids reveals highly coordinated molecular networks and effective drugs.

Recent advances in the genomics of glioblastoma (GBM) led to the introduction of molecular neuropathology but failed to translate into treatment improvement. This is largely attributed to the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of GBM, which are considered the major obstacle to GBM therapy. Here, we use advanced human GBM-like organoid (LEGO: Laboratory Engineered Glioblastoma-like Organoid) models and provide an unprecedented comprehensive characterization of LEGO models using single-cell transcriptome, DNA methylome, metabolome, lipidome, proteome, and phospho-proteome analysis.

Optical Temperature Sensing Based on Linear Change of Luminescence Intensity Ratio in YO: Tm, Eu Phosphors.

In this work, YO: Tm, Eu phosphors were made by homogeneous precipitation with urea as precipitator. The emission spectra varying with temperature of YO: Tm, Eu phosphors were measured and analyzed. Analysis show that the luminescence of Eu represents a normal thermal quenching change, while that of Tm exhibits slow thermal enhancement phenomenon.

A high-precision thermometry strategy by replacing the infrared with visible light for detection.

We have developed a high-precision thermometry strategy based on I-I (I) and S-I (I) transitions of Er, after replacing the measurement of the I-I (I) transition with the S-I transition, i.e., using visible light for detection instead of infrared.

Ratiometric optical thermometry based on upconversion luminescence with different multi-photon processes in CaWO:Tm/Yb phosphor.

Ratiometric optical thermometry based on upconversion (UC) luminescence with different multi-photon processes in CaWO:Tm,Yb phosphor was developed. A new fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) thermometry, utilizing the ratio of the cube of F emission to the square of G emission of Tm and retaining the feature of anti-interference of excitation light source fluctuations, is proposed. Under the hypotheses of the UC terms being neglected in the rate equations and the ratio of the cube of H emission to the square of G emission of Tm being a constant in a relatively narrow temperature range, the new FIR thermometry is valid.

Reaction of the anammox granules to various antibiotics and operating the anammox coupled denitrifying reactor for oxytetracycline wastetwater treatment.

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) basedtechnology has been considered as an economic and efficient way to remove nitrogen. However, the anammox bacteria could be strongly inhibited by antibiotics. In present research, inhibiting properties of oxytetracycline, penicillin and polymyxin sulfate upon the anammox activity were investigated through batch experiment.

Assessment of Normal Tissue Radiosensitivity by Evaluating DNA Damage and Repair Kinetics in Human Brain Organoids.

DNA-double strand break (DSB), detected by immunostaining of key proteins orchestrating repair, like γH2AX and 53BP1, is well established as a surrogate for tissue radiosensitivity. We hypothesized that the generation of normal brain 3D organoids ("mini-brains") from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) combined with detection of DNA damage repair (DDR) may hold the promise towards developing personalized models for the determination of normal tissue radiosensitivity. In this study, cerebral organoids, an in vitro model that stands in its complexity between 2D cellular system and an organ, have been used.

Rapid cultivation of the aerobic granules for simultaneous phenol degradation and ammonium oxidation in a sequencing batch reactor.

The rapid cultivation strategy of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) for simultaneous phenol degradation and ammonium oxidation was studied in a sequence batch reactor (SBR). The short-term inhibitory kinetics of phenol was studied through batch experiments. For the sodium acetate fed AGS, the phenol inhibition constants (Ki) of specific oxygen utilization rate by heterotrophic bacteria (SOUR) was 508.

Structural Insight into African Swine Fever Virus dUTPase Reveals a Novel Folding Pattern in the dUTPase Family.

The African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the deadly pathogen of African swine fever (ASF) that induces high mortality, approaching 100% in domestic pigs, causes enormous losses to the global pig industry, and threatens food security. Currently, there is no effective treatment or preventive countermeasure. dUTPases (deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate pyrophosphatases) are ubiquitous enzymes that are essential for the hydrolysis of dUTP and prevent the misincorporation of dUTP into newly synthesized DNA.

Construction of prognostic microRNA signature for human invasive breast cancer by integrated analysis.

Background: Despite the advances in early detection and treatment methods, breast cancer still has a high mortality rate, even in those patients predicted to have a good prognosis. The purpose of this study is to identify a microRNA signature that could better predict prognosis in breast cancer and add new insights to the current classification criteria.

Materials And Methods: We downloaded microRNA sequencing data along with corresponding clinicopathological data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Combination of SIRT1 and Src overexpression suggests poor prognosis in luminal breast cancer.

Objectives: 1) Analyze the correlation of SIRT1 and Src with human breast cancer (BC) prognosis; 2) explore the roles of SIRT1 and Src in BC cell proliferation, tumor invasion, and metastasis; and 3) analyze the correlation and interaction between SIRT1 and Src.

Materials And Methods: 1) Tissue microarray was used to analyze the expression of SIRT1 and Src in human BC tissues and the correlation between protein expression and cancer prognosis; 2) CCK8 assay was used to determine the influence of SIRT1 and Src inhibitors on BC cell proliferation; 3) Transwell migration assay and wound healing assay were used to determine the effect of SIRT1 and Src inhibitors on BC cell migration and invasion; and 4) Western blotting was used to analyze the correlation and interaction between SIRT1 and Src.

Results: 1) Combination of SIRT1 and/or Src positivity is a prognosis factor in BC, especially in luminal type; 2) MCF-7 cell proliferation is suppressed by SIRT1 inhibitor Ex527, and cell migration and invasion were inhibited by Src inhibitor bosutinib; 3) combined with Ex527, bosutinib has a significantly increased effect on MCF-7 cell migration suppression; and 4) there is a positive association between SIRT1 and Src both in BC tissues and in MCF-7 cells.

The prognostic role of Sirt1 expression in solid malignancies: a meta-analysis.

Although many studies have discussed the association of abnormally expressed silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) with the prognosis of patients with a variety of solid carcinomas, they failed to agree on whether excessive Sirt1 indicates a good or poor overall survival for the patients. We conducted the current meta-analysis to illustrate the prognostic value of Sirt1 in solid malignancies. Articles published before December 2016 were searched using Pubmed and Web of Science.

Dephosphorylated cofilin expression is associated with poor prognosis in cases of human breast cancer: a tissue microarray analysis.

Background: Proteins in the cofilin pathway regulate actin dynamics and may be involved in cancer cell migration and invasion. However, there are no direct data that suggest that dephosphorylated cofilin can affect breast cancer prognosis.

Methods: We assessed the expressions of cofilin and phosphorylated cofilin (P-cofilin) in breast cancer tissue microarrays (290 patients, mean follow-up: 95.

The Size Confinement Effect for Eu3+ Concentration Quenching and Energy Transfer in YVO4 Nanocrystal.

YVO4: Eu3+ nanocrystal powders (~30 nm) with different doping concentrations were prepared using a precipitation method. Bulky powders (~500 nm) were obtained by annealing the nanopowders at high temperature. The concentration quenching of luminescent centers and energy transfer in YVO4: Eu3+ powders were investigated.

Aurora kinase A induces papillary thyroid cancer lymph node metastasis by promoting cofilin-1 activity.

Aurora-A (Aur-A), a member of the serine/threonine Aurora kinase family, plays an important role in ensuring genetic stability during cell division. Previous studies indicated that Aur-A possesses oncogenic activity and may be a valuable therapeutic target in cancer therapy. However, the role of Aur-A in the most common thyroid cancer, papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), remains largely unknown.

Effects of fibroblast growth factor 21 on cell damage in vitro and atherosclerosis in vivo.

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), which is a modulator of glucose and lipid homeostasis, acts as a novel therapeutic reagent for many metabolic perturbations. However, its potential as a treatment for cardiovascular disease, especially atherosclerosis (AS) has not been fully explored. Here, we report that recombinant FGF-21 improves resistance to cell damage from oxidative stress in vitro, and from atherosclerosis in vivo.

The size confinement effect for Ln3+ (Ln = Tm or Eu) concentration quenching and energy transfer in Y2O3 nanocrystals.

Y2O3:Ln (Ln = Tm or Eu) nano-powders with different particle sizes and various doping concentrations were prepared by using a combustion method. The bulk powders doped with the same concentrations were obtained by annealing the nano-powders at high temperatures. Emission spectra of the phosphors were measured.

Wetting and reaction promoted by ultrasound between sapphire and liquid Al-12Si alloy.

Ultrasonic-assisted wetting between sapphire bulks and liquid Al-12Si alloy in an atmospheric environment at 620 °C is carried out in this study. Complete, rather than partial, wetting and joining can be achieved with the aid of ultrasound. Growth of epitaxial alumina on sapphire bulks is promoted dramatically during ultrasonic-assisted wetting comparing to that during hot-dipping without ultrasound.

Specific PCR detection of tiger, leopard, and lion ingredients from test samples.

A PCR method was developed for specific detection of tiger, leopard, and lion DNA from test specimens for inspection and quarantine or for law-enforced animal protection. Three pairs of specific primers were designed based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of tiger, leopard, and lion and used in the PCR testing. To mimic the effect of food processing on the sensitivity of the test, the tiger muscle and bovine bonemeal powder samples were treated at 133 degrees C for 30 min.

Neuroprotective effects of chlorogenic acid against apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by methylmercury.

Chlorogenic acid (CGA) widely exists in edible and medicinal plants. We aimed to evaluate the effect of CGA on the protection from apoptosis by methylmercury (MeHg) in PC12 cells. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay.